Thanks for joining us for our final installment with Mike Studer. Today we will be wrapping things up and making connections from the concepts found in Mike’s book to our pediatric practices and PCS exam prep. This week is also our last episode of 2025. We hope you have a restful break and we look forward to you joining us in January, 2026 for more episodes!

“The Brain That Chooses Itself” by Mike Studer

Wulf G, Lewthwaite R. Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon Bull Rev. 2016;23(5):1382-1414. doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0999-9

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Welcome back for part 2 of our discussion with Mike Studer where we will be diving even further into the concepts of learning and neuroplasticity and how it applies to our pediatric patients and the PCS exam. Specifically, today, we discuss motivators and the difference between infinite games and other types of play. Mike also shares his list of other readings he considered while writing his new book and would recommend for those looking to take their learning on these concepts a step further! These episodes are full of so many “PT pearls” that will apply clinically and personally, you will not want to miss any of this content! Don’t forget to come back next week for the final episode of our trilogy with Mike. 

“The Brain That Chooses Itself” by Mike Studer

"Thinking, Fast and Slow" by Daniel Kahneman

“The Infinite Game” by Simon Sinek

“Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones” by James Clear

“Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance" by Angela Duckworth 

Katy Milkman’s book, “How to Change: The Science of Getting Where You Are to Where You Want to Be” and her podcast, Choiceology

“Nudge” by Richard Thaler

Other authors mentioned in today's episode: Jane McGonigal, Ellen Langer, Alia Crum and more listed in Mike Studer’s book

Wulf G, Lewthwaite R. Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon Bull Rev. 2016;23(5):1382-1414. doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0999-9

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

Follow us on Instagram

This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

This week kicks off a very special three-part conversation with our friend and returning guest Mike Studer. Over the next three episodes, we will be diving into concepts from Mike’s new book, “The Brain That Chooses Itself”, like learning and neuroplasticity. These concepts thoroughly apply to how we clinically treat our pediatric patients, but also how we parent, how we teach and coach friends and family, and how we prepare for the PCS exam. These episodes are full of so many “PT pearls” that will apply clinically and personally, you will not want to miss these episodes! And of course, we will be connecting all of this incredible information to PCS exam prep strategies. 

“The Brain That Chooses Itself” by Mike Studer

"Thinking, Fast and Slow" by Daniel Kahneman

Wulf G, Lewthwaite R. Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon Bull Rev. 2016;23(5):1382-1414. doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0999-9

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

Follow us on Instagram

This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

Welcome back to Pushing Pediatrics! We have another guest episode this week to bring you knowledge on a topic that has been widely gaining popularity and is now testable material, pediatric pelvic floor. Maggie Abbott, PT, DPT will join us to discuss why PT can make a big difference for children with bladder and bowel dysfunction. We’ll cover age and diagnoses Maggie typically treats, what her initial evaluation includes, interventions of pelvic floor therapy, and more. We will highlight how this subject translates to PCS prep with our “PT pearls” and walk through exam taking techniques. Remember, you’ve got this! 

Calvo-Sanz, J., Bouallalene Jaramillo, K., et al. (2025). Electrotherapy in pediatric patients with non-neurological pelvic-floor dysfunction: TENS, biofeedback, and behavioural therapies applied individually or in combination. Journal of Pediatric Urology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2025.03.158

Wegh, C. A. M., Baaleman, D. F., Tabbers, M. M., Smidt, H., & Benninga, M. A. (2022). Non-pharmacologic treatment for children with functional constipation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatrics, 240, 136-149.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.010

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

Follow us on Instagram

This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

Thanks for joining us today at the Pushing Pediatrics podcast! Sara is solo today to share some valuable additional clinical insight about Scoliosis. This additional material may or may not be testable information, however it is great to know when treating children with scoliosis in real-world situations. While today’s episode is focusing on scoliosis, if you need a review of other spinal conditions, please see the link below to our episode from Season 3. Background and basics of the different types of scoliosis, evaluating these different types utilizing the Sosort guidelines, non-surgical interventions, and surgical interventions of scoliosis will be discussed in today’s review. 

Pushing Pediatrics Season 3: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Spinal Conditions

https://scoliosisjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13013-017-0145-8

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

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This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

Welcome back to part two of our discussion with CCC-SLPs Marissa Peters and Maggie Muzio about Augmentative and Alternative Communication. As we continue our conversation, Marissa and Maggie go into detail on AAC devices and how PT can play a role in helping children utilize these devices during treatment sessions. We’ll hear what makes for a good co-treat session from an SLP’s point of view and why treating the child as a whole in every session is a key to their success. More “PT Pearls” will be shared along the way plus a bonus exam practice question! The episode closes with main takeaways to apply to your PCS exam preparations. 

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

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This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

This week on Pushing Pediatrics experts Marissa Peters and Maggie Muzio, Certified Speech Language Pathologists, are here to cover Augmentative and Alternative Communication. This topic will be 2 episodes worth of information - so be sure to tune in next week for the second half of our discussion! Today Marissa and Maggie will cover the 3 categories of AAC, how to incorporate AAC into PT therapy sessions, how we as PTs can help identify children needing SLP referrals, and how we can educate parents on AAC within a PT scope of practice. Sara and Shelia add in some “PT Pearls” to help transfer this topic into our pediatric physical therapy realm and how AAC may come up in questions on the PCS exam. 

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

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This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

We are honored to be hosting two of the authors, Carol de Campos and Ginny Paleg, of the 2023 article titled “F-words and early intervention ingredients for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy: a scoping review” on today’s episode. This article is not only exam relevant for those preparing for the PCS exam, it is also a clinically impactful article. This review gives great insight into how we can competently care for GMFCS IV and V children with the 6 F’s in mind - functioning, fitness, family, fun, friends, and future. Carol and Ginny will elaborate how the F-words of this article translate into PCS prep and exam taking strategies, and also how this article is a roadmap for all PTs to provide thoughtful, evidence-informed decisions for one of the most underserved populations. 

De Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, Paleg G. F-words and early intervention ingredients for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2024 Jan;66(1):41-51. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15682. Epub 2023 Jun 28. PMID: 37381598.

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

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This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

Today we are diving into the 2004 article by Joanne Valvano, “Activity-focused motor interventions for children with neurological conditions”. While it is an older article, this article contains a lot of great concepts that continue to influence the way we shape care for pediatric patients with neurological conditions. This article is a must read whether you are new to pediatrics, prepping for the PCS, or revisiting the theory behind pediatric physical therapy! 

Valvano, J. (2004). Activity-Focused Motor Interventions for Children with Neurological Conditions. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, 24(1–2), 79–107. https://doi-org.ezproxylocal.library.nova.edu/10.1300/J006v24n01_04

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

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This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.

We know that research and statistics may seem intimidating sometimes, which is why we are tackling this topic together! Understanding statistics is not only important for your board exam prep, but for your clinical practice too. Knowing how to interpret these concepts makes a huge difference when reading studies and applying evidence-based practices. Today we will cover statistical significance, sample size, p-value, and more. Thanks for joining us today, and remember, you’ve got this!

Resources discussed in today’s episode can be found on our website

Use code PUSHINGPEDS for $150 off your Medbridge subscription! 

Check out our website, and subscribe for our subscription only episodes

Follow us on Instagram

This episode was brought to you by the Pivot Ball Change Network.