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Dr. Francesco Di Chiara explains why detecting thoracic endometriosis with MRI presents three major challenges. Radiologists trained to spot round lesions often miss the thin, widespread deposits in the chest, while technical limitations and breathing movements further complicate imaging of the diaphragm—the most common site for thoracic endometriosis.

• MRI with specific endometriosis protocols remains the best available imaging option
• Radiologists often look for round lesions that rarely exist in thoracic endometriosis
• Thin lesions frequently fall below MRI resolution capabilities
• The diaphragm, where endometriosis commonly occurs, suffers from breathing movement artifacts during imaging
• Endometriosis can penetrate through the diaphragm and occasionally into lung tissue
• Rare cases of airway endometriosis exist but are difficult to diagnose with bronchoscopy
• Dr. Di Chiara is working on a classification system for diaphragmatic endometriosis

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