Join Renegade Psych for Part 2 of my conversation with psychologist Roger McFillin, discussing the pitfalls of the American mental health system. Dr. McFillin created the internationally popular podcast, Radically Genuine, and is the Founder of the Conscious Clinician Collective, working to cultivate a community where individuals and families engage with ethical mental health specialists and all healthcare professionals dedicated to upholding the principles of informed consent, medical freedom, and respect for personal autonomy. In this episode, Roger brings up trans-humanism and other controversial topics, investigating whether non-speaking autistics (as well as canines) are able to communicate telepathically, the potential role of quantum mechanics in mental health treatment, and a recurring theme for Renegade Psych, whatever the F consciousness is... Do our minds simply create our own realities? I would implore you to be open to this episode and consider the science Dr. McFillin is discussing; you don't have to walk away from this conversation feeling certain about the questions and answers he is posing, but I simply implore you to make room for the uncertainty that must exist should we ever find more concrete answers to some of these extremely difficult (to even conceptualize sometimes) questions. Enjoy!

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Join Renegade Psych today for Part 1 of my conversation with psychologist Roger McFillin, discussing the pitfalls of the American mental health system. Dr. McFillin created the internationally popular podcast, Radically Genuine, and Founder of the Conscious Clinician Collective, working to cultivate a community where individuals and families engage with ethical mental health specialists and all healthcare professionals dedicated to upholding the principles of informed consent, medical freedom, and respect for personal autonomy. In this episode, we discuss putting too many kids on psychiatric medications and pathologizing so many normal aspects of human development, especially considering very questionable safety and efficacy data of many psych drugs. We also talk about how and where the anti-psychiatry movement goes too far, emphasizing that some individuals DO NEED biologic treatments, but big pharma preys on medical school curriculums, trying to push the narrative that so many more individuals NEED biologic/medication treatment, when there are so many effective and cheap natural remedies for so many of our problems. We openly discuss the flawed SSRI antidepressants, and reference their many failed, or negative, trials, as well as the manipulation of data pervasive across several SSRI makers clinical trials. Roger and I are tired of big pharmaceutical interests and their government regulators blatantly LYING to us about the safety and effectiveness of the treatments they promote, so we decided to have a conversation about it! Enjoy!

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Join Renegade Psych today for Part 2 of my conversation with psychiatrist Nicholas Rosenlicht, discussing topics relevant to his first (and only) book, 'My Brother's Keeper: The Untold Stories behind the Business of Mental Health -- and How to Stop the Abandonment of the Mentally Ill.' We talk about how mental health care in the United States has become atrocious, and ways out of our current crisis.

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Join Renegade Psych today for a conversation with psychiatrist Nicholas Rosenlicht, discussing topics relevant to his first (and only) book, 'My Brother's Keeper: The Untold Stories behind the Business of Mental Health -- and How to Stop the Abandonment of the Mentally Ill.' We talk about how mental health care in the United States has become atrocious, and ways out of our current crisis.

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Today, we have Kassondra Ola joining the podcast for part 2 of a patient perspective interview on the dangers of psychiatric polypharmacy. Kassondra is a mental health advocate who was misdiagnosed as bipolar at the age of 10 and put on multiple psychiatric medications over the subsequent decade. She is here to tell her story and promote a positive message that we, as psychiatric prescribers, need to think long and hard about whether or not to use medications in youths and teenagers... and if we decide medication is necessary or warranted, to do it extremely carefully, monitoring for immediate and sustained progress of each medication, giving time for medications to have an effect, and tapering patients off of one medicine before we start the next medicine. This way, kids don't end up in the position Kassie and so many other children end up in being prescribed several medications at once and having unmanageable side effects. In 1987, we medicated 0.2% of our youth with mental health problems and prominent psychiatrists of the time believed severe mental illnesses essentially required puberty and the resultant expansion of consciousness and brain development. Now, we medicate 15-20% of American youths... Have we really become so mentally ill in a matter of 2 generations, OR are we being marketed and sold pharmaceutical products as if they were child play things... you know where I stand on that question, but what do you think?

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Today, we have Kassondra Ola joining the podcast to give a patient perspective on the dangers of psychiatric polypharmacy. Kassondra is a mental health advocate who was misdiagnosed as bipolar at the age of 10 and put on multiple psychiatric medications over the subsequent decade. She is here to tell her story and promote a positive message that we, as psychiatric prescribers, need to think long and hard about whether or not to use medications in youths and teenagers... and if we decide medication is necessary or warranted, to do it extremely carefully, monitoring for immediate and sustained progress of each medication, giving time for medications to have an effect, and tapering patients off of one medicine before we start the next medicine. This way, kids don't end up in the position Kassie and so many other children end up in being prescribed several medications at once and having unmanageable side effects. In 1987, we medicated 0.2% of our youth with mental health problems and prominent psychiatrists of the time believed severe mental illnesses essentially required puberty and the resultant expansion of consciousness and brain development. Now, we medicate 15-20% of American youths... Have we really become so mentally ill in a matter of 2 generations, OR are we being marketed and sold pharmaceutical products as if they were child play things... you know where I stand on that question, but what do you think?

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Join myself and Dr. Ken Gillman, MD, as we discuss the inherent problems with modern scientific research, and the lack of emphasis put on building critical thinking skills endemic to our academic institutions. In Part 3 of our conversation, we continue to illuminate how and why most modern medical research is flawed and why you can't just TRUST THE GUIDELINES or allow industry to dictate what is considered evidence-based versus what is not considered evidence-based. At the end of the day... WE, being psychiatric and medical providers, HAVE TO TAKE BACK OUR FIELD FROM those who wish to dumb it down and promote their own financial interests. Join the skepticism in medicine movement! ENJOY!

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

So many of my episodes revolve around how poor our healthcare system is in the United States, so I wanted to create a special episode giving guidance on how you can reduce your hospital bills. Persistence is the key; do not give up and keep pestering your insurance company and the hospital billing departments. Whether or not your persistence pays off in reducing your bill is one thing, but it's important that more and more of us join the fight against this broken system, forcing these companies to spend their time and energy fighting our disputes. Enjoy and please share with others. If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment

Join myself and Dr. Michael Shuman, PharmD, BPCC, as we discuss the latest overhyped and under-delivering class of medications, the new Alzheimer's drugs. These drugs can cause brain swelling and bleeding in a substantial proportion of patients and even death in some. Not only are they NOT SAFE, but they're also NO MORE EFFECTIVE than currently existing treatments. It's another clear ploy to sell hope and promise to the American public in an effort to continue to line the pockets of industry executives and recoup the money spent on the research and development of these drugs... Put another way... THEY'RE JUST TOO BIG TO FAIL. Sadly, it has been revealed in the last several years that several keystone research studies/papers in the field of neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's being the most recognizable) research have been outright fraudulent. While it seems conspiratorial, join us as we discuss the facts and the neurodegenerative research experts' appraisals of some of the "evidence' that laid the groundwork for the release of this new class of medications that work by removing beta-amyloid from the brain (but also may remove some of your brain, or the walls of your blood vessels, with that beta-amyloid). The manipulated research goes all the way back to the 1990s... I fear we have been guided down a path by narcissistic researchers standing to directly profit from their feigned research. I wish it was only me saying these things, that you could discount the fraudulent research discussed in this series and actually have the promise of a novel class of medications... but it's not just Ethan Short, MD, from University of Louisville saying this. There are plenty of Ivy League-trained and well-respected neurologists, psychiatrists, and neurodegnerative disease researchers who have come to the same conclusions, that images from the original research were 'doctored,' and this new class of drugs (Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and Donanemab) are NOT SAFE and NOT EFFECTIVE. The FDA has allowed pharmaceutical companies to increasingly seek 'accelerated approval,' typically reserved for rare diseases that progress quickly to fatality, in which case it makes sense to take an experimental drug. But in this case of a disease like Alzheimer's, that typically carries a life expectancy of close to a decade with it, is going to lead to earlier death and disability. We'll undoubtedly look back on these drugs in 10-15 years and wonder how we could have been duped again by the fraudulent and unregulated healthcare system we are forced to interact with. I have a lot of passion with the things I talk about on this podcast, but there are very few examples as blatant as this class of drugs. I hope you enjoy..... and stay safe!

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Join myself and Dr. Michael Shuman, PharmD, BPCC, as we discuss the latest overhyped and under-delivering class of medications, the new Alzheimer's drugs. These drugs can cause brain swelling and bleeding in a substantial proportion of patients and even death in some. Not only are they NOT SAFE, but they're also NO MORE EFFECTIVE than currently existing treatments. It's another clear ploy to sell hope and promise to the American public in an effort to continue to line the pockets of industry executives and recoup the money spent on the research and development of these drugs... Put another way... THEY'RE JUST TOO BIG TO FAIL. Sadly, it has been revealed in the last several years that several keystone research studies/papers in the field of neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's being the most recognizable) research have been outright fraudulent. While it seems conspiratorial, join us as we discuss the facts and the neurodegenerative research experts' appraisals of some of the "evidence' that laid the groundwork for the release of this new class of medications that work by removing beta-amyloid from the brain (but also may remove some of your brain, or the walls of your blood vessels, with that beta-amyloid). The manipulated research goes all the way back to the 1990s... I fear we have been guided down a path by narcissistic researchers standing to directly profit from their feigned research. I wish it was only me saying these things, that you could discount the fraudulent research discussed in this series and actually have the promise of a novel class of medications... but it's not just Ethan Short, MD, from University of Louisville saying this. There are plenty of Ivy League-trained and well-respected neurologists, psychiatrists, and neurodegnerative disease researchers who have come to the same conclusions, that images from the original research were 'doctored,' and this new class of drugs (Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and Donanemab) are NOT SAFE and NOT EFFECTIVE. The FDA has allowed pharmaceutical companies to increasingly seek 'accelerated approval,' typically reserved for rare diseases that progress quickly to fatality, in which case it makes sense to take an experimental drug. But in this case of a disease like Alzheimer's, that typically carries a life expectancy of close to a decade with it, is going to lead to earlier death and disability. We'll undoubtedly look back on these drugs in 10-15 years and wonder how we could have been duped again by the fraudulent and unregulated healthcare system we are forced to interact with. I have a lot of passion with the things I talk about on this podcast, but there are very few examples as blatant as this class of drugs. I hope you enjoy..... and stay safe!

If you're passionate about what we do here at Renegade Psych, we're now on Patreon! If you'd like to support our work, you can! Or not... I'll continue putting out content as long as my other jobs pay the bills. Other things you can do: liking, commenting, and sharing our posts also go a long way! https://patreon.com/RenegadePsych.

Thanks for listening to the audio podcast... You should check out our posted video podcast on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaZ1bds1MGMM4tSbY7ISqug) as there are graphics overlaying the video to make it all more interactive and educational. For more social media content, check us out on all social media platforms @RenegadePsych. If you have any comments, questions or challenges to the information we've presented here, if you'd like to be a guest to the show, or if you have general comments, questions, or suggestions, email us at [email protected] and follow the link https://renegade-psych.podcastpage.io/ to our website for source material, transcripts, and additional links for my guests. If you feel passionate about our message and what we're trying to do, and you'd like to donate, you can also follow the link in the show notes to our website.

Disclaimer, this podcast is for informational purposes only. The information provided in this podcast and related materials are meant only to educate. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice. While I am a medical doctor and many of my guests have extensive medical training and experience, nothing stated in this podcast nor materials related to this podcast, including recommended websites, texts, graphics, images, or any other materials should be treated as a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice, diagnosis or treatment. All listeners should consult with a medical professional, licensed mental health provider or other healthcare provider if seeking medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.