This episode of our Resisting Empire series tells the story of Eduardo Mondlane: scholar, activist, and founding president of Mozambique’s liberation movement, FRELIMO. Born under Portuguese rule, Mondlane’s early encounters with colonial oppression shaped his lifelong beliefs. He used every opportunity to challenge the systems of empire that sought to define him.

As FRELIMO’s leader, Mondlane blended intellect with strategy, urging that true freedom meant building a fair and inclusive society. His assassination in 1969 cut short his vision, but his words, a luta continua “the struggle continues” became a rallying cry for Mozambique’s fight for independence and for liberation movements across Africa.

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SOURCES:

Africa Today Vol. 26, No. 1 (1st Qtr., 1979), pp. 19-24 (6 pages)Published By: Indiana University Press

Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 32, No. 104/105, Oiling the Wheels of Imperialism (Jun. - Sep., 2005), pp. 309-315

FRELIMO (Britannica article)

Sansone, L.  (2023, December 13). Eduardo Mondlane. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History. 

Mozambique's Eduardo Mondlane: From professor to freedom fighter (BBC Witness History)

Eduardo Mondlane: The man behind Mozambique’s unity

The Struggle for Mozambique (Eduardo Mondlane)

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