The Anthems Podcast

Today, we delve into the national anthem of Samoa, titled "Ole Fuā'ā O Le Soifuiga O Samoa," and explore its historical and cultural significance. Patrick takes us on a journey through the rich tapestry of Samoa's past, highlighting the impact of colonialism and the struggles for independence that shaped the nation. He discusses the anthem's creation by Sauni Elijah Carusa in the context of Samoa's newfound self-governance in 1948, leading to the anthem's eventual adoption in 1961. The episode also touches on the themes of national identity, pride, and unity encapsulated in the anthem's lyrics, which serve as a rallying call for the Samoan people. With insights into Samoa's geography, climate, and cultural practices, this episode provides a comprehensive look at the anthem that symbolizes freedom and resilience for the nation.

I know, I know. WWI started in 1914 and not 1948 but that is the year that Samoa was granted self governance. It was in my head and I didn't notice until after I edited the entire thing and I lack the time to go back and add me saying the correct date.

Here are the sources:

1. https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-318925666/view?sectionId=nla.obj-333096340&partId=nla.obj-318987683#page/n81/mode/1up 
2. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/218049060 
3. https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-317352062/view?sectionId=nla.obj-330039968&partId=nla.obj-317363860#page/n0/mode/1up 
4. http://www.paclii.org/ws/legis/consol_act_2019/ofanaosa1994308/ 
5. https://moanaleilua.wordpress.com/2017/06/05/o-au-o-le-samoa/ 
6. https://catholicoutlook.org/fr-tovia-bears-sign-jesus-died-samoa/ 
7. https://www.samoaobserver.ws/category/samoa/98436 
8. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/L6Y8-RJV/malotuto%27atasi-iiga-sauni-ioane-kuresa-1901-1978 
9. https://natlib.govt.nz/records/35402307?search%5Bi%5D%5Bcategory%5D=Music+Score&search%5Bpath%5D=items&search%5Btext%5D=samoa 
10. https://symbolhunt.com/samoa/national-anthem/ 
11. https://books.openedition.org/pacific/126#:~:text=Conversion%20made%20easy%20by%20the,to%20be%20accepted%20in%20Samoa. 
12. https://pmcarchive.aut.ac.nz/pacific-media-watch/samoa-auckland-helps-50th-anniversary-independence-celebrations-7964.html 
13. https://signum-crucis.tumblr.com/post/25281842452/samoan-national-anthem-the-banner-of-freedom 
14. https://slideplayer.com/slide/6127236/ 
15. https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=9410+miles 
16. https://www.thecoconet.tv/songbook/learn-language-songs-from-the-pacific/the-national-anthem-of-samoa-samoa-tulai/ 
17. https://www.indiewire.com/criticism/culture/why-moana-the-first-docufiction-in-history-deserves-a-new-life-24631/ 
18. https://web.archive.org/web/20101223022921/http://oceandots.com/pacific/bankx/ 
19. Roberts, J. Timmons; Thanos, Nikki Demetria (2003). Trouble in Paradise: Globalization and Environmental Crises in Latin America. Routledge, London and New York. p. Vii.
20. https://books.google.com/books?id=8V3vZxOmHssC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA569&hl=en&source=newbks_fb 
21. https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-TuvAcco.html 
22. https://nationalanthems.info/ws.htm 
23. http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/wsa19611961n68189/ 
24. https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2017-06-14/samoa-constitutional-amendment-makes-christianity-the-national-religion/#:~:text=The%20Explanatory%20Memorandum%20that%20accompanied,%2C%20Parliament%20of%20Samoa%20website.) 
25. https://devpolicy.org/christianising-samoas-constitution-religious-freedom-pacific-20170427/ 

https://www.nzjh.auckland.ac.nz/document.php?wid=1669&action=null

This episode is released on March 3 and that marks National Anthem Day in the United States, but this episode takes a journey across the pond to explore Scotland's unofficial national anthem, "Flower of Scotland." Patrick delves into the song's origins, crafted by Scottish songwriter Roy Williamson in the 1960s, and its rise to prominence amid Scotland's quest for national identity. The episode discusses the historical context of the Battle of Bannockburn, which inspired the anthem, and how it became a rallying cry for Scottish nationalism, particularly in the realm of rugby. Listeners will learn about the cultural significance of the song and its transition from a folk tune to a de facto anthem for Scotland. Through engaging storytelling, Patrick reflects on the emotional resonance of the lyrics and the unique journey that led "Flower of Scotland" to become a cherished symbol of Scottish pride and unity.

A couple of my favorite people come Scotland. James Clerk Maxwell, I did an undergrad in physics and have stood on this man's grave in Westminster. Billy Connelly, perhaps the funniest living person. And Michael Marshall of many things but I'll plug the Be Reasonable podcast, he is the most patient of men.

Here are my notes, hope you hear me again folks:

1. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-13520689 
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20090215011908/http://rsno.org.uk/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=119&Itemid=1 
3. https://www.scotsman.com/sport/scottish-national-anthem-lyrics-and-origins-4280559 
4. https://web.archive.org/web/20060210055101/http://www.scottishtartans.org/tartan.html 
5. https://lyricstranslate.com/en/flower-scotland-flouer-o-scotland.html 
6. https://web.archive.org/web/20100829194041/http://www.corries.com/news.php 
7. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090308/http://www.theballadeersscotland.com/scots/cft_01.htm 
8. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sportacademy/hi/sa/rugby_union/features/newsid_2650000/2650581.stm 
9. https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/on-this-day-in-1990-flower-of-scotland-composer-roy-williamson-dies-1469958 
10. https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-70397 
11. https://www.historyscotland.com/history/corries-singer-roy-williamson-died-on-this-day-in-history/ 
12. https://www.heraldscotland.com/default_content/12431850.flower-scotland-first-choice-rsno-anthem-poll/ 
13. https://www.90min.com/posts/scotland-national-anthem-flower-of-scotland-lyrics-explained 
14. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/4837078.stm 
15. https://archive2021.parliament.scot/S4_PublicPetitionsCommittee/General%20Documents/PE1541_G_SFA_13.02.15.pdf 

https://www.jstor.org/stable/48578072

This episode of the Anthems podcast delves into the national anthem of Lesotho, titled "Fazze la Bantatarona," which translates to "Land of Our Fathers." Host Patrick explores the intriguing history of Lesotho, a small yet significant enclave state entirely surrounded by South Africa. He highlights the contributions of two missionaries, François Collier and Adolph Mabel, who played crucial roles in the anthem's creation, intertwining their personal stories with the broader narrative of Lesotho's cultural and historical landscape. The episode also discusses the anthem's themes of love for the homeland and a longing for peace, reflecting the deep connections the people have with their land and ancestors. As Patrick navigates through music, geography, and history, listeners gain insight into how this anthem serves not only as a song but also as a symbol of national pride and identity.

Thanks for listening folks. Here are my sources:

1. https://www.titlemax.com/discovery-center/lifestyle/the-100-smallest-countries-in-the-world/ 
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20190421164229/https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/1800s 
3. https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2018-02-17-black-panther-director-ryan-cooglers-a-fan-of-lesotho--isixhosa/ 
4. https://web.archive.org/web/20170603184100/http://maliba-lodge.com/blanketwrap/2010/lesotho-stories/the-history-of-the-basotho-traditional-blanket/ 
5. https://afropunk.com/2018/02/controversy-around-black-panthers-supposed-appropriation-shows-necessity-pan-africanism/ 
6. Albert Burckhardt and Rudolf Wackernagel : Basel Yearbook 1890 . C. Detloff's bookstore, Basel 1890, p. 94.
7. Hermann Mendel: Musical Conversations Lexicon. An encyclopedia of the entire musical sciences . Sixth volume. Robert Oppenheim, Berlin 1876, p. 263: https://archive.org/stream/musikalischesco09reisgoog#page/n270/mode/2up .
8. without author]: Swiss Music Festival in Basel from July 6th to 9th . In: Neue Zeitschrift für Musik 13 (1840), pp. 59–60 ( entire review, pp. 59 f. and 67 f.
9. Albert Brutsch: From Work Song to National Anthem . In: Lesotho. Notes and Records 9 (1970/1971), p. 8.
10. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2013/05/16/a-revealing-map-of-the-worlds-most-and-least-ethnically-diverse-countries/
11. Machobane, L. B.; Karschay, Stephan (1990). Government and Change in Lesotho, 1800-1966: A Study of Political Institutions. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-51570-9.
12. https://www.ideabooks.nl/9783856168742-our-land-lesotho-s-swiss-national-anthem 
13. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Historical_Dictionary_of_Lesotho/B2TWVN92hYYC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA399&printsec=frontcover 
14. http://www.lesothoembassy.ie/component/content/article/14-about/29-about-lesotho.html 
15. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Laws_of_Lesotho/wcQ-AQAAIAAJ?hl=en 
16. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Everyday_Sesotho_Reader/m2MHAQAAIAAJ?hl=en 
17. https://dacb.org/stories/lesotho/mabille-adolphe/ 
18. https://www.bu.edu/missiology/missionary-biography/l-m/mabille-adolphe-1836-1894/ 
19. https://www.gov.ls/about-lesotho/ 
20. Zofinger Associations of Swiss Students (ed.): Songs for young Swiss people. Second edition. With singing tunes for three male voices . CA Jenni, Bern 1825.
21. https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-32482 
22. https://dacb.org/stories/lesotho/coillard-francois1/ 
23. Fitzpatrick, M., Blond, B., Pitcher, G., Richmond, S., and Warren, M. (2004) South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Footscray, VIC: Lonely Planet.

Join Patrick as he delves into the story behind Papua New Guinea's national anthem, "O Arise All You Sons," a song that embodies the spirit and pride of a nation celebrating its independence. The episode takes listeners on a geographical and historical journey, highlighting the unique relationship between Papua New Guinea and its neighboring countries, while also exploring the life of Thomas Shacklady, the anthem's composer. Through humor and insightful commentary, Patrick reflects on the significance of the anthem in fostering national identity and unity among the people of PNG. The discussion touches on the cultural richness and natural beauty of the country, as well as the historical context leading to its independence in 1975. Listeners will gain a newfound appreciation for both the anthem and the vibrant history of Papua New Guinea.

1. https://www.pngaa.net/Independence_Anniversary/national_anthem.htm 
2. https://malumnalu.blogspot.com/2008/08/thomas-shacklady-composer-of-papua-new.html 
3. http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/nia1971197/ 
4. https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=15%2C355+km 
5. Udvardy, M. D. F. (1975). A classification of the biogeographical provinces of the world. IUCN Occasional Paper no. 18. Morges, Switzerland: IUCN.
6. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Botany_of_the_Antarctic_Voyage_of_H/9Y0LAQAAIAAJ?hl=en 
7. https://web.archive.org/web/20131103111901/http://www.anthro.utah.edu/PDFs/Papers/JAS%3DOC%26A.pdf 
8. Quanchi, Max (2005). Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. The Scarecrow Press. p. 215.
9. https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=592696311&sxsrf=AM9HkKlp2upWnbTlKFBsQPALf2QNu3RIxQ:1703125996578&q=Nicholai+Miklukho-Maklai&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjzlaLgvp-DAxUvvokEHa9oDZAQ0pQJegQICRAB&biw=767&bih=706&dpr=1.25 
10. John Waiko. Short History of Papua New Guinea (1993)
11. https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CM%5CI%5CMiklukho6MaklaiNikolai.htm 
12. John Dademo Waiko, Papua New Guinea: A History of Our Times (2003)
13. https://www.postcourier.com.pg/oversight-keeps-national-anthem-law-29-years/ 
14. https://www.thenational.com.pg/change-to-anthem-lyrics-%E2%80%98illegal%E2%80%99/ 
15. https://www.google.com/books/edition/P_N_G_Government_and_Other_Community_Lif/uHgHAQAAIAAJ?hl=en 
16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5gPypxJ_ls 
17. https://sdd.spc.int/guides-and-training-material?view=preview&format=raw&fileId=218 
18. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/New_Guinea 
19. https://www.parliament.gov.pg/ninth-parliament/bio/view/governor-east-sepik 
20. https://www.legislation.gov.au/C2004A01408/latest/text 
21. https://theconversation.com/png-marks-40-years-of-independence-still-feeling-the-effects-of-australian-colonialism-47258#:~:text=Economic%20problems%20combined%20with%20unrest,to%20a%20single%2C%20united%20country. 
22. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/20/australias-ignorance-about-papua-new-guinea-is-a-loss-for-both-nations 
23. https://www.aph.gov.au/DocumentStore.ashx?id=db943a0f-7951-4b21-8d2d-23830b54e200&subId=350354#:~:text=In%20formal%20terms%2C%20democratic%20rule,of%20free%20and%20fair%20elections. 
24. https://freedomhouse.org/country/papua-new-guinea/freedom-world/2022#:~:text=Papua%20New%20Guinea%20(PNG)%20is,marred%20by%20irregularities%20and%20violence. 
25. Freudenberg, Graham (2009), A Certain Grandeur: Gough Whitlam's Life in Politics (revised ed.), Viking, ISBN 978-0-670-07375-7

https://archive.org/details/elizabethbiograp00brad_0

Today's episode of the Anthems podcast delves into the national anthem of Kazakhstan, exploring its origins and the cultural significance behind it. The anthem, originally a patriotic song written by poet Zhumiken Sabruli Nazimandinov and composer Shamshi Khaldiakov in 1956, reflects the tumultuous history of Kazakhstan during the Soviet era, particularly the effects of the Virgin Lands campaign. As host Patrick navigates the history of Kazakhstan, he highlights the stark differences between the original lyrics and the reworked version that became the official anthem, revealing the underlying political intentions of both. Listeners will gain insight into how Kazakhstan's national identity has evolved and how its anthem serves as a symbol of pride and resilience for the Kazakh people. Through this exploration, Patrick emphasizes the importance of understanding the deeper narratives behind national anthems and their role in shaping cultural identity.

I forgot to say something during the show (sorry) but you can learn more about the person that suggested the anthem at CTpasts.com No one has gotten a plug before this because I hadn't thought of it yet. I think it's apparent this is a work in progress.

Here are my sources for my last episode of 2023 (year one of the show):

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20070513170602/http://www.kyzmet.kz/?lang=ru&id_1=45 
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20060205181454/http://www.orientalistica.ru/resour/runica/collection/e3a.htm 
3. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44645086 
4. https://www.hermitagemuseum.org/wps/portal/hermitage/explore/buildings/locations/room/b10_f1_h61/!ut/p/z0/fY5LC4JAFEZ_S4tZxr1jJm4HIUIyiSjGu5FJfEzpjI8h-vmpq1Ytv8Ph8AGBBDLqrWvltDWqnXdGQZ4KEfBdhHF6PO9R-Pfwdr0c0D95EAP9F-aCNyZRUgP1yjVbbSoLcrS2A_ngmFc8bwK-aPo5DCSACmtc-XEgm3LstFN1yXBlxjFsbbF-mxguDYY_jf5FWTiJzRfG0VKP/ 
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ou3lW32EXL0 
6. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-17491344 
7. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Kazakhstan/-2ZAp-TgaSMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA316&printsec=frontcover 
8. https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2018/08/16/is-the-caspian-a-sea-or-a-lake 
9. https://countrystudies.us/kazakstan/4.htm 
10. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/the-kazakh-famine-1930-33-and-the-politics-history-the-post-soviet-space 
11. https://www.akorda.kz/kz/state_symbols/kazakhstan_anthem 
12. https://gcris.pau.edu.tr/handle/11499/35221 
13. https://adebiportal.kz/en/news/view/jumeken-sabiruli-najimedenov-could-turn-today-81__10444 
14. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Republic_or_Death/GeasCAAAQBAJ?hl=en 
15. https://web.archive.org/web/20071124051647/http://www.kazind.com/newsarchives/newsvol54.html 
16. https://www.shymkent.info/2021/08/15/shamshi-kaldayakov-the-father-of-kazakh-waltz/ 
17. Marshall, Alex (2015). Republic or Death! Travels in Search of National Anthems. London: Random House Books. pp. 140–144. 
18. https://web.archive.org/web/20160323094032/http://www.ecogeodb.com/ECO_Detail.asp?P=History&CN=Kazakhstan&C=KAZ 
19. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Principles_of_International_Politics/S7VG1yZP52gC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PT57&printsec=frontcover 
20. The CIA World Factbook 2012 Central Intelligence Agency - 2011 "National anthem: name: “Menıñ Qazaqstanym” (My Kazakhstan) lyrics/music: Zhumeken NAZHIMEDENOV"
21. https://www.akorda.kz/en/state_symbols/kazakhstan_anthem 

Join Patrick as he explores the national anthem of Chad, "La Tacha din," a song that reflects the country’s rich history and the cultural diversity of its people. The episode delves into the origins of Chad's name, derived from Lake Chad, and discusses the significant impact of colonialism, particularly by France, on the region. Patrick shares intriguing historical insights, including how Jesuit missionaries contributed to the anthem's creation in the wake of Chad's independence. Through a detailed examination of the anthem's lyrics and themes, he highlights the call for unity and the importance of hard work in shaping Chad's future. Tune in for a journey through history, music, and the vibrant tapestry that represents the Republic of Chad.

Interesting facts: https://onhisowntrip.com/most-interesting-facts-about-chad/

A version of the anthem sung in Arabic but the quality of the recording is rather rough: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=117enCwBT2Y

A rather nice recording of the anthem that I very nearly used for the show but decided the music was out of character: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqWgiKoSZ8Q

My Sources:

1. https://pascaldjim.blogspot.com/2013/05/lhymne-national-du-tchad-la-tchadienne.html
2. https://www.google.com/books/edition/French_speaking_Central_Africa/U3UvAAAAYAAJ?hl=en 
3. https://www.google.com/books/edition/National_Anthems_of_the_World/ph8kAAAAMAAJ?hl=en
4. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Chad_in_Pictures/kkB1GaR2SXEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=tchadienne+Louis+Gidrol+Paul+Villard&pg=PA69&printsec=frontcover
5. https://web.archive.org/web/20160306045645/http://www.gouvernementdutchad.org/fr/investir/symboles-nationaux 
6. https://web.archive.org/web/20080720105047/http://www.guernicamag.com/features/199/swarms_at_the_border/ 
7. https://www.distancefromto.net/distance-from-bolivia-to-chad 
8. https://www.loc.gov/collections/country-studies/about-this-collection/ 
9. https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Chad 
10. https://constitutionnet.org/news/chad-transitional-military-council-suspends-constitution-and-dissolves-parliament 
11. https://mapfight.xyz/map/td/#texas 
12. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/12/04/lake-chad-the-worlds-most-complex-humanitarian-disaster#:~:text=Chad%20was%20named%20for%20a,lake%E2%80%9D%20in%20a%20local%20dialect. 
13. Botha, D.J.J. (December 1992). "S.H. Frankel: Reminiscences of an Economist (Review Article)". South African Journal of Economics. 60 (4): 246–255. doi:10.1111/j.1813-6982.1992.tb01049.x
14. https://africathistime.wordpress.com/2015/12/06/planning-to-visit-the-center-point-of-africa-not-an-easy-task-wherever-it-is/ 
15. https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0713 
16. https://www.britannica.com/place/Wadai 
17. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Roots_of_Violence/A3qNAgAAQBAJ?hl=en 
18. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hassan_Djamous/YzkGDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA25&printsec=frontcover 
19. https://www.creighton.edu/sites/default/files/2022-01/35-Africa.pdf 
20. https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004347151/B9789004347151_003.xml#:~:text=Their%20early%20missionary%20imagination%20clearly,Shona%20people%20of%20today's%20Zimbabwe. 
21. https://minorityrights.org/country/chad/#:~:text=Main%20religions%3A%20Islam%20(52.1%20per,practise%20Christianity%20or%20indigenous%20religions. 
22. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/value-of-disorder/8A8885D539E1ADEF56BE67E4BD80A2EB 
23. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/historical-journal/article/abs/comite-de-lafrique-francaise-the-chad-plan-and-the-origins-of-fashoda/16CF53C535971A91068592F2E753A387 
24. https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1543 
25. https://web.archive.org/web/20070930182845/http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-205&srt=pnan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x 
26. https://youtu.be/NUToSJTY5F8?si=TyOddmE6nUcYyZBr 
27. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Complete_Guide_to_National_Symbols_a/qM5XAAAAYAAJ?hl=en 
28. https://presidence.td/ 
29. https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2023/country-chapters/chad 

Join Patrick as he explores the national anthem of Bolivia, a song that encapsulates the country's journey to independence and its rich cultural heritage. The episode delves into the historical context surrounding Bolivia's declaration of independence in 1809 and the role of key figures like José Ignacio de Sanez, who penned the anthem's lyrics, and composer Leopoldo Benedetto Vincenti. Patrick highlights the significance of Bolivia's official name, the Plurinational State of Bolivia, reflecting its diverse indigenous nations and the impact of Evo Morales' government in acknowledging this heritage. Through a detailed examination of the anthem's verses, listeners will discover themes of freedom, nationalism, and the honor bestowed upon those who fought for Bolivia's liberation. This engaging narrative not only celebrates the anthem itself but also invites reflection on the cultural and historical significance embedded within its lyrics.

Hi. Thanks for visiting the show notes. Here are some actual fun facts:

• While in space Neil Armstrong saw what he described as a gigantic mirror reflecting out of South America. It was actually the Salar de Uyuni. He was so struck with the salt flat of over 10000 square kilometers that he went on vacation there with his family.
• Butch Cassidy and The Sundance Kid ran through Argentina and landed in Bolivia where they tried to repeat their wild west stick up act. The authorities were having none of that, they surrounded their lodgings, a gun fight ensued, and the duo were left dead.
• Bolivia is also where the efforts of Che Guevara came to an end when he attempted to overthrow the 1966 and 67 government and claim it for communism. He was executed in La Higuera.
• Bolivia is landlocked, Laka Titicaca is the highest elevation lake (at 12500 ft) that you can put a boat in, plus they have the highest elevation forest.

Here are my sources:

1. https://dctourguideonline.com/the-george-washington-of-south-america/ 
2. https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/cancionero/historia-himno-nacional-bolivia/20110808202000373031.html 
3. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5251306.stm 
4. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bolivia/ 
5. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Foraging_and_Farming/qxghBQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA496&printsec=frontcover 
6. https://web.archive.org/web/20101104191224/http://embajadadebolivia.com.ar/histhim.htm 
7. https://web.archive.org/web/20100328130208/http://www.redpizarra.org/HuellasDeBolivia/ElHimnoNacional 
8. https://www.loc.gov/item/90026427/ 
9. https://web.archive.org/web/20030801122417/http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1958.htm 
10. Arnade, Charles W. (1970) [1957]. The Emergence of the Republic of Bolivia. New York: Russell and Russell.
11. https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofbo0000mora 
12. https://read.dukeupress.edu/hahr 
13. https://www.ecured.cu/Leopoldo_Benedetto_Vincenti_Franti 
14. https://www.t13.cl/noticia/deportes13/copa-america-2019/Copa-America-2019-Por-que-se-parecen-himnos-de-Chile-y-Bolivia1 
15. https://correodelsur.com/ecos/20181125_las-musas-que-inspiraron-el-himno-nacional.html 
16. Miranda, Edmundo (2009). The National Anthem of Bolivia (to understand what we sing).
17. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Desarrollo_demogr%C3%A1fico_de_la_ciudad_de/dTwTAQAAIAAJ?hl=en 
18. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gran_gu%C3%ADa_estad%C3%ADstica_sud_americana/WF7Rk5KFes4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA696&printsec=frontcover 
19. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/mururata-bolivia-ca-1851/#:~:text=Bolivia%20officially%20ended%20slavery%20with,formed%20villages%20such%20as%20Mururata. 
20. https://web.archive.org/web/20180321130807/http://www.la-razon.com/sociedad/pueblos-logran-traducir-Himno-Nacional_0_2761523856.html 
21. https://www.mcislanguages.com/fatherland-vs-motherland-what-is-the-gender-of-your-country/#:~:text=Derived%20from%20the%20Latin%20word,sense%20of%20belonging%20and%20love. 
22. https://bolivia.justia.com/nacionales/nueva-constitucion-politica-del-estado/primera-parte/titulo-i/capitulo-primero/ 

Today's episode of the Anthems podcast dives into the complexities of Russia, both in terms of its vast geography and its tumultuous history. The focus is on the national anthem of the Russian Federation, a piece that has gone through numerous iterations, reflecting the country's shifting political landscape. As the host navigates through Russia's rich cultural identity and the layers of propaganda associated with its anthems, listeners will gain insight into how the country's past informs its present. The episode also touches on the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, acknowledging the war's impact on national sentiments while shifting the conversation toward a celebration of Russian music. With a mix of historical context and personal reflections, this episode invites listeners to appreciate the intricacies of Russia's anthem and what it represents for its people today.

I know that you're hearing a lot about Russia. But it's really big on a map and additionally I can't, and won't, hold the citizens all responsible for the things happening. Life is complicated.

Regardless, this has been a complicated episode to write because of the complicated nature of Russian history. Expect more about this folks. Here are my sources:

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20101001122856/http://flag.kremlin.ru/gimn/ 
2. https://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2015/jul/28/pluto-ten-things-we-now-know-about-the-dwarf-planet 
3. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/russia 
4. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/ 
5. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/european-countries-bordering-most-other-countries.html 
6. https://www.climatechangepost.com/russia/permafrost/ 
7. Figes, Orlando (2011). The Crimean War: A History. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 9781429997249.
8. https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Basil_(Muscovy) 
9. https://www.rbth.com/history/329825-madness-of-3-russian-tsars 
10. https://archive.org/details/ivanterrible00loydgoog/page/n3/mode/2up 
11. https://countrystudies.us/russia/3.htm 
12. https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Brief_History_of_Russia/i8_RH3hhsAMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA92&printsec=frontcover 
13. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/43119 
14. https://guides.loc.gov/alaska-treaty 
15. W. Bruce Lincoln, The Great Reforms: Autocracy, Bureaucracy, and the Politics of Change in Imperial Russia (1990)
16. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Religious_Schism_in_the_Russian_Aristocr/tuvVBQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA6&printsec=frontcover 
17. https://web.archive.org/web/20070917041705/http://www.ensemble-aleksandrova.ru/index.php?id=42
18. https://freedomhouse.org/country/russia/freedom-world/2023 
19. http://www.cyberussr.com/rus/sg-zhit'.html 
20. Ledeneva, Alena V. (1998). Russia's Economy of Favors: Blat, Networking and Informal Exchange. Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-521-62743-5.
21. https://archive.org/details/shostakovichlife0000fayl/page/138/mode/2up 
22. Shostakovich, Dmitriĭ Dmitrievich (2004). Testimony : the memoirs of Dmitri Shostakovich. Volkov, Solomon. (25th anniversary ed.). New York: Limelight Editions. pp. 261–262. ISBN 9780879109981.
23. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/dec/27/russia.ameliagentleman 
24. https://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/12/20-years-since-the-fall-of-the-soviet-union/100214/ 
25. https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/22/world/end-soviet-union-text-declaration-mutual-recognition-equal-basis.html 
26. http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/mihalkovy_sv_mv/01.html 
27. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Fairy_Tales_and_True_Stories/zfiZAAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Sergey+Mikhalkov+Uncle+Styopa&pg=PA386&printsec=frontcover 
28. John Barron, KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents. New York: Reader's Digest Press, 1974. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1974. New York: Bantam Books, 1974.
29. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Shostakovich_and_Stalin/x__ntDIlYGYC?hl=en 
30. https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/periods-genres/national-anthems/russia-federation-state-lyrics-history-english-translation/ 
31. https://archive.org/details/yeltsinrevolutio00aron 
32. https://web.archive.org/web/20100512162358/http://pravo.levonevsky.org/baza/soviet/sssr0606.htm 
33. https://web.archive.org/web/20110819211722/http://lawrussia.ru/texts/legal_105/doc10a880x600.htm 
34. https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/decemberweb-only/57.0.html 
35. http://en.people.cn/english/200012/08/eng20001208_57318.html 
36. https://web.archive.org/web/20090204114156/http://en.rian.ru/symbols/20070607/66606928.html 
37. http://www.gov.ru/main/symbols/gsrf4_2.html 

Explore the fascinating history of Liechtenstein's national anthem, "Oben am jungen Rhein," in this episode of the Anthems podcast. The anthem's origins are intertwined with themes of nationalism and the country's unique geographical and political status as one of the world's smallest and only doubly landlocked nations. Discover how the anthem evolved from a poem written by a visiting Swiss priest to a symbol of national pride, reflecting Liechtenstein's heritage and identity. The discussion delves into the historical context that shaped the anthem and the significant changes it underwent, particularly the removal of references to Germany in the 1960s. Join us as we uncover the stories behind the music, the lyrics, and the cultural significance of this little-known gem of a national anthem.

Facts:

Back in 2001, the Prince was trying to push through a series of constitutional reforms to give himself more power—namely the right to veto and appoint judges.

As the debate raged, the Prince threatened to leave the country and take his family’s holdings with him to Vienna if he didn’t win. As for the country: He’d sell it to “Bill Gates or anyone else who can afford it”.

It’s debatable if you can actually sell a country to someone else, but it would have been pretty neat if this had actually happened.

In the end, the Prince got his way and the people supported him in a referendum.

In 2011, the entire country was put up on Airbnb.

For a fee of $70,000 a day, you could “rent” Liechtenstein. For that amount, you would get accommodations for 150 people, temporary renaming of street signs, a temporary custom-made currency, ceremonial keys to the Principality, and a wine tasting at the Prince’s estate. For additional fees, you could witness a medieval procession, and a have huge logo made out of wax. No one actually took advantage of the offer. A wedding party was planning to do it at one point, but the wedding was called off and it never happened.

WOMEN COULDNT VOTE HERE UNTIL 1986, that's ridiculous

Sources:

1. https://worldle.teuteuf.fr/ 
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20141207203448/http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/art-music-and-film/resources/my-country-%E2%80%99tis-thee 
3. https://nationalanthems.info/li.htm 
4. https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/023401/2008-01-29/ 
5. https://www.liechtensteinusa.org/page/about-liechtenstein#:~:text=The%20country%20lies%20at%20an,the%20Grauspitz%20at%208%2C527%20feet. 
6. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16381664 
7. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/uzbekistan/ 
8. https://historisches-lexikon.li/ 
9. https://www.balzers.li/Portals/0/contortionistUniverses/772/rsc/Item_downloadLink/Geschichte%20Gemeinde%20Balzers%20_Louis%20Vogt%20-%2027%200%202007_.pdf 
10.  https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/006528/2008-11-27/ 
11. https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10001622 
12. https://www.schwabenkinder.eu/de/schwabenkinder/das-schwabengehen/huetekindermarkt/ 
13. https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/ 
14. http://www.luxarazzi.com/2014/08/luxarazzi-101-oben-am-jungen-rhein.html 
15. https://www.spiegel.de/kultur/gruendlich-geruettelt-a-86fb8cae-0002-0001-0000-000043176832?context=issue 
16. https://books.google.ch/books?id=O6toAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA16-PA13#v=onepage&q&f=false 
17. https://www.thriftbooks.com/blog/poetry-through-the-ages/ 
18. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Lucy 
19. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diocletian 
20. https://historisches-lexikon.li/Volksdeutsche_Bewegung_in_Liechtenstein_(VDBL) 

https://historisches-lexikon.li/Matt,_Gustav_Alfons

Today's episode delves into the fascinating story behind Iceland's national anthem, "Lof Songur," which was originally written to commemorate the millennium of Icelandic settlement. The episode explores the intriguing history of the poem's author, Matthias Jocumsen, and the composer, Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson, highlighting their contributions to Iceland's cultural heritage. We learn about the anthem's roots in the peaceful nationalist movement of the 19th century and how it emerged as a symbol of identity during a time of significant political change. The episode also touches on the anthem's lyrics, which reflect deep religious themes, and discusses how these themes resonate in modern Iceland, a country that has become increasingly secular. Join us as we uncover the connections between music, history, and national identity in this captivating exploration of Iceland's anthem.

Please read more about Iceland and go there if you can. Sorry about the cars in background here and there. My road is crazy busy, I have no closets, and wasn't planning a podcast when I bought the place.

1. Sverri Hólmarsson, ed. (2007). Icelandic-English Dictionary. lofsöngur = hymn, song of praise
2. Evans, Andrew. "Is Iceland Really Green and Greenland Really Icy?", National Geographic (30 June 2016).
3. https://mapfight.xyz/map/us.ky/#is 
4. Pieter Dhondt (25 November 2011). National, Nordic Or European?: Nineteenth-Century University Jubilees and Nordic Cooperation. BRILL. p. 7. ISBN 978-90-04-21694-5.
5. Jakobsson, Sverrir; Halfdanarson, Gudmundur (2016). Historical Dictionary of Iceland. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 175. ISBN 9781442262904.
6. Hálfdanarson, Guðmundur (2006-09-01). "Severing the Ties – Iceland's Journey from a Union with Denmark to a Nation‐State". Scandinavian Journal of History. 31 (3–4): 237–254.
7. Hálfdanarson, Guðmundur (2000-06-01). "Iceland: A Peaceful Secession". Scandinavian Journal of History. 25 (1–2): 87–100.
8. https://icelandictimes.com/matthias-jochumsson-poet-and-writer-of-icelands-national-anthem/ 
9. McCall, Chris (June 27, 2016). "Iceland's national anthem was written in an Edinburgh house". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Archived from the original
10. https://www.naxos.com/Bio/Person/Sveinbjorn_Sveinbjornsson/21549 
11. https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/research/learning/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-a-z/sveinbj%C3%B6rnsson-sveinbj%C3%B6rn 
12. http://www.musik.is/Baldur/TsagaRvk/1800-1900/til1900_7.html 
13. http://www.musik.is/Baldur/TsagaRvk/1800-1900/til1900_8.html 
14. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/germany-scandinavia-and-central-europe/scandinavian-political-geography/iceland#HISTORY 
15. https://www.cmuse.org/characteristics-of-romantic-era-music/ 
16. https://www.schoolofrock.com/resources/vocals/how-to-find-your-vocal-range 
17. Silk, Mark (July 1, 2016). "Go Iceland!". The Gazette. Colorado Springs. Religion News Service.
18. https://web.archive.org/web/20170425194349/http://gazette.com/go-iceland/article/1579461