Western Civ

Years before her pregnancy, Louise of Angouleme was given a prophecy. Not only would she have a son, but that son would go on to be the King of France. At the time the idea seemed fanciful. Charles VIII sat on the French throne she was married to a minor member of the royal extended family. But then the unexpected death and ascension of the childless Louis XII suddenly made it seem as if her dream might come true.

Today we introduce Francis I and follow the French King through his roughly first ten months of kingship as he battles for Milan at Marignano.

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Henry VIII begins his reign as king immediately provoking a war with France. Henry's accomplishments in France, however, fighting against Louis XII would prove not worth the cost. Meanwhile, now-Cardinal Wolsey pushes Henry to reconsider his continental ambitions. Wolsey's Pro-France attitude would ruffle a few English aristocratic feathers, but ultimately he got his way with the marriage of Princess Mary to the aging Louis XII.

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In this episode, we explore Henry VIII's court broadly while considering the first few months of his reign. Henry quickly marries Katherine of Aragon in an effort to cement an alliance with King Ferdinand of Spain in the hope that the two would shortly declare war on France.

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Henry VII's reign reaches the end of the line. After finally cementing an alliance with the Hapsburgs, Henry finally succumbs to tuberculosis. Richard Fox and Thomas Wolsey then help a young Henry VIII succeed his father - the first peaceful succession in England for one hundred years. England was lucky. Henry VII's former finance ministers... not so much.

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King Henry VII decides he wants to play with the big boys on the continent while a freak storm finally delivers the Earl of Suffolk into his grasp.

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The deaths of Prince Arthur and Queen Elizabeth decisively change Henry VII's reign. With only the young Henry VIII between the earl of Suffolk and the throne, Henry VII becomes increasingly paranoid and preoccupied with protecting his dynasty. To do this to turn to a new financial counselor: Edmund Dudley.

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Henry VII comes into his own as the king of England. His efforts to make England a major power player are effective until his eldest son, Arthur, tragically dies.

Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field to become Henry VII. But he is immediately beset by various pretenders to the throne leading to the question: were the Wars of the Roses truly over?

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While Martin Luther, Ulrich Zwingli, and John Calvin were leading the charge for reform, the Roman Catholic Church was not sitting idly by. Today we cover the Catholic response: re-entrench and slam the door. The Council of Trent reaffirms Catholic doctrine while the newly-minted Jesuits spread the Gospel through the schools. Then, we close out the episode with a look at the overall significance of the Reformation.

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John Calvin passes his final years still attempting to stitch together a Protestant alliance with Zurich and Germany. Simultaneously, he executes a Reformed Priest for failing to fall in line with his doctrine, earning him universal ire. Calvin's death in 1564 heralded the end of John Calvin and the true beginning of Calvinism.

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