Mark Martin returns to TWiM for a discussion of the observation that Gram's stain does not cross the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, and suppression of gingival inflammation and bone loss through host modulation caused by episymbiotic Saccharibacteria.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt

Guest: Mark O. Martin

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Links for this episode

• Gram's stain does not cross cytoplasmic membrane (ACS Chem Biol)
• Gram stain protocol (pdf)
• Chemical mechanism of Gram's stain (J Bact)
• Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria suppress disease (Host Cell Microbe)
• Microedu listserve
• TWiM Listener survey

Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission.

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