CH. 40 focuses on antiviral drugs, explaining how they work against various viral infections. It details the characteristics and replication processes of viruses, including HIV, herpesviruses (HSV, VZV, CMV), hepatitis, and influenza viruses. The source describes different classes of antiviral medications, their mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, and potential adverse effects, highlighting the importance of the immune system in fighting off infections and the challenges of treating immunocompromised individuals and specific viruses like HIV and Hepatitis C. Finally, it offers insights into the nursing process for patients receiving these medications, including assessment, implementation, and evaluation.

Ch17 focuses on understanding and managing substance use disorder, emphasizing its prevalence and impact in the United States. It outlines the objectives for learning about various abused substances, including identification, signs, symptoms, and treatment for withdrawal. The text also provides a key terms glossary and discusses the nursing process for assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating care for patients with these disorders. Specifically, it addresses opioids, stimulants, depressants, alcohol, and nicotine, detailing their mechanisms, effects, indications, adverse effects, and management of withdrawal and overdose. The chapter highlights the importance of patient-centered care, especially for adolescent and older adult populations, and includes information on relevant organizations and agencies.

Ch16 provides a comprehensive overview of psychotherapeutic drugs, focusing on those used to treat anxiety, affective, and psychotic disorders. It outlines the various classes of drugs, such as anxiolytics, antidepressants, and antipsychotics, and discusses their mechanisms of action, indications, and potential adverse effects. Key concepts like the biogenic amine hypothesis and serotonin syndrome are explained, alongside the importance of nursing assessment and patient education for safe and effective treatment. The text also highlights considerations for specific populations, including pediatric and older adult patients, and emphasizes the risk of drug interactions and the need for close monitoring.

Ch 38/39 provides an in-depth look at antibiotic therapy, focusing on different classes of antibacterial drugs. It discusses general principles of antibiotic use, including how they work and the differences between empiric, definitive, and prophylactic therapy. The text also addresses crucial considerations such as drug resistance, adverse effects, drug interactions, and specific host factors influencing treatment outcomes. Detailed information is provided for sulfonamides, penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, macrolides, and tetracyclines, including their mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, and pharmacokinetic profiles. Finally, the text includes nursing considerations for administering these medications, emphasizing assessment, implementation, and evaluation of antibiotic therapy.

Ch. 48 discusses three conditions affecting the pancreas and biliary system: acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and gallbladder problems including cholelithiasis and cholecystitis, as well as gallbladder cancer. For each condition, the text outlines the etiology and pathophysiology, describing what causes the condition and how it affects the body. Clinical manifestations are detailed, covering the signs and symptoms experienced by patients. The document also reviews diagnostic studies used to identify these illnesses, potential complications that can arise, and various interprofessional and nursing care approaches, including medical, surgical, and nutritional therapies.

Ch. 46 offers a comprehensive overview of various upper gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, focusing on their etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Key topics include the common issues of nausea and vomiting, as well as more specific conditions such as oral cancer, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hiatal hernia, esophageal cancer, and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The material also addresses complications associated with these disorders, including GI bleeding, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction, along with the nursing and interprofessional care required for patients experiencing these issues. Finally, the text briefly touches upon gastritis, foodborne illnesses, and the implications of gastric surgery.

Ch. 43 offers a comprehensive overview of the gastrointestinal system, covering its fundamental structures and functions, including associated organs like the liver and pancreas. It details the key processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination, highlighting the roles of various organs and secretions. The text also discusses the impact of aging on the digestive system and provides a guide to subjective and objective assessment methods, including physical examination techniques and various diagnostic studies, such as imaging and endoscopic procedures. Finally, it touches upon common assessment abnormalities and the nursing responsibilities associated with different tests.

Ch. 37 focuses on respiratory drugs used to treat conditions affecting the lungs and airways. It provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system and discusses common diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), explaining their underlying mechanisms. The text extensively covers various drug classifications used for these conditions, including bronchodilators like beta-adrenergic agonists, anticholinergics, and xanthine derivatives, as well as nonbronchodilating drugs such as leukotriene receptor antagonists and corticosteroids. For each drug class, the text details their mechanisms of action, indications, contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions, and concludes with important nursing considerations and patient teaching points for safe and effective medication administration.

Ch. 10, focuses on analgesic drugs and the management of pain, covering various types of pain, their characteristics, and both pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment approaches. It details the mechanisms of action, indications, adverse effects, and interactions of opioid and nonopioid analgesics, including discussions on toxicity and overdose management. The text also highlights nursing considerations for pain assessment and implementation of pain management plans, emphasizing patient-centered care across different demographics and the importance of recognizing cultural factors and potential medication errors.

Ch. 9 provides a comprehensive overview of pain management, focusing on both its theoretical underpinnings and practical applications in healthcare. It explores the nature and mechanisms of pain, including the differences between nociceptive and neuropathic pain and the physiological processes involved in pain transmission and modulation. The document also addresses the assessment of pain, emphasizing subjective reporting and acknowledging challenges in special populations, alongside discussing various pain treatment strategies, including pharmacological options like nonopioids, opioids, and adjuvant therapies, as well as non-drug interventions. Furthermore, it highlights the role of healthcare professionals in effective pain management, detailing challenges such as tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction, and underscoring the importance of interprofessional collaboration, patient education, and ethical considerations.