In the UK, the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes in children is approximately 2.9 per 100,000. This number is rising and another constant has been the increasing rates of obesity. So it is vital that we get prevention and management of this condition right.

In this BMJ Best Practice podcast, Dr Christine Bowen talks to Professor May Ng, OBE, Honorary Professor at Edge Hill University, Hon Associate Professor at University of Liverpool, and Consultant Paediatrician and Paediatric Endocrinologist at Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Trust.

For more on type 2 diabetes in children, visit BMJ Best Practice.

Competing interests: none

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition defined by endometrial stroma and glands found outside of the uterine cavity. The most common sites affected are the pelvic peritoneum and ovaries.

May present incidentally in asymptomatic women, or more commonly in women of reproductive age who complain of chronic pelvic pain and/or sub-fertility.

M. Jonathon Solnik, Professor of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Medical Imaging by Cross-Appointment, Temerty School of Medicine at the University of Toronto, gives us an overview of diagnosis and management of the condition.

For more on endometriosis, visit BMJ Best Practice.

Competing interests: MJS is an author of a number of references cited in the Best Practice topic. He acts as a consultant for AbbVie (manufacturer of depot leuprolide and elagolix), Medtronic, Felix Health and Olympus.

Fibrocystic breasts are common. The incidence peaks at 400 per 100,000 woman-years at the age of 40 to 44.

The condition can cause  pain and tenderness that fluctuate with the menstrual cycle. And there is a higher prevalence of cysts as women approach the menopause.

In this BMJ Best Practice podcast, Kieran Walsh talks with Professor Ingrid Lizarraga, Clinical Associate Professor at the Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Competing interests: None

For more on fibrocystic breasts, visit BMJ Best Practice.

The diagnosis of menopause is clinical, based on the absence of menses for 12 months, and does not require further testing for appropriately presenting patients.

Oestrogen therapy is an effective treatment for the management of menopausal symptoms including hot flushes, night sweats, and urogenital symptoms.

In this podcast, Bradford W. Fenton, Independence Park Medical Services, Anchorage, Alaska, gives us further details of diagnosis and management.

For more on menopause, visit BMJ Best Practice.

Disclosures: BWF declares that he has no competing interests.

To find out more about this, listen to this interview with Dr Tom Foley, Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist with expertise in digital health.

Competing interests: None

Competing interests: None

Competing interests: SM has no competing interests

Competing interests: SM has done consultancy work and received honoraria for lecturing and travel from Bayer Pharmaceuticals and Novartis. He has also been a principal investigator for clinical trials on behalf of Bayer, Novartis, and Roche.

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