In this episode, Dr. Valentin Fuster discusses a landmark study from the Montalcino Aortic Consortium revealing how genetic differences in Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome distinctly influence the risk and location of arterial events. The findings highlight gene-specific patterns—thoracic aortic complications in Marfan and Loeys-Dietz, and peripheral arterial issues in Loeys-Dietz and Ehlers-Danlos—paving the way for personalized surveillance and management strategies.