Domenico Ghirlandaio stands as a titan of the Quattrocento, often overshadowed by his most famous student, Michelangelo, yet serving as the vital bridge between the early and high Italian Renaissance. As the head of a prolific family workshop, Ghirlandaio dominated the Florentine art market, capturing the spirit of the age by integrating wealthy patrons like the Medici and Tornabuoni directly into sacred biblical narratives. His mastery of fresco technique—skills he later passed to a young Michelangelo—graced the walls of the Sistine Chapel long before the ceiling was painted, establishing him as the premier visual chronicler of 15th-century Florentine society.

Beyond his technical precision and workshop efficiency, Ghirlandaio revolutionized Florentine painting by embracing the gritty realism of Northern European art. His masterpiece, The Adoration of the Shepherds in the Sassetti Chapel, merges classical Roman symbolism with unidealized, rugged figures inspired by Flemish masters. This synthesis of high fashion, local architecture, and naturalistic detail offers a vivid window into the life, culture, and theological complexity of Florence at the height of its power.

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