In this episode we'll discuss the evolution of pain control in dentistry. Learning about the history of pain control gives us a better perspective on what we're doing today to make our patients comfortable in our operatory. We will delve into modern day local anesthetics and the use of mild to moderate sedation in the dental setting. We will also look at what's coming down the road in the area of dental local anesthesia. Our guest is Dr. David Isen, who maintains a private practice in Toronto Canada, running a sleep - for - dentistry clinic. Dr. Isen has presented almost 500 lectures across North America and around the world on topics related to local anesthesia and medical emergencies. He has acted as a consultant for dental companies regarding product development and has peer-reviewed papers for dental journals.