We’ve spent years strengthening decoding instruction—but what if the next literacy shift begins at the sentence level? If we want true comprehension, we have to look beyond words and into syntax.

In this episode, we discuss:

• Why syntax is the missing link in reading comprehension
• How Cascade Reading uses linguistically-driven text formatting to support understanding

For decades, reading research and classroom instruction have focused heavily on decoding. But comprehension doesn’t happen after we finish reading a sentence—it happens word by word, as the brain processes syntax in real time. Dr. Julie Van Dyke explains why sentence structure plays a critical role in comprehension, how language networks in the brain differ from cognitive knowledge systems like background knowledge, and why strong decoding skills alone are not enough.

We also explore how Cascade Reading makes syntactic structure visible using artificial intelligence, helping students better understand phrasing, fluency, and meaning. Julie shares research findings, practical classroom implications, and why teachers should feel empowered—not intimidated—when bringing syntax into instruction. This conversation challenges us to rethink what comprehension truly requires and how we can better support all readers, especially those with language-based learning differences.

Guest: Dr. Julie Van Dyke, cognitive scientist, linguist, former senior scientist at Haskins Laboratories, and co-developer of Cascade Reading

Resources mentioned:
Cascade Reading – https://www.cascadereading.com
International Dyslexia Association Perspectives (Syntax Comes First series) – https://dyslexiaida.org

https://www.onlinedigeditions.com/publication/?i=843724&p=1&view=issueViewer

https://www.onlinedigeditions.com/publication/?i=847535&p=1&view=issueViewer

Syntax: Knowledge to Practice by Nancy Eberhardt & Margie Gillis – https://literacyhow.org
Speech to Print by Louisa Moats – https://products.brookespublishing.com/Speech-to-Print-P1167.aspx

💬 Want more insights like this?
Subscribe to the Literacy Talks Podcast Digest for episode recaps, resources, and teaching takeaways delivered straight to your inbox!

Do you teach Structured Literacy in a K–3 setting?
Sign up for a free license of Reading Horizons Discovery® LIVE and start teaching right away—no setup, no hassle. Sign-up Now.

Coming Soon: Reading Horizons Ascend™
From Pre-K readiness to advanced fluency, Ascend™ offers a consistent, needs-based reading experience across every grade, tier, and model—so every student can build mastery, one skill at a time. Learn More.