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The goal of this post is to clarify a few concepts relating to AI Alignment under a common framework. The main concepts to be clarified:

• Optimization. Specifically, this will be a type of Vingean agency. It will split into Selection vs Control variants.
• Reference (the relationship which holds between map and territory; aka semantics, aka meaning). Specifically, this will be a teleosemantic theory.

The main new concepts employed will be endorsement and legitimacy. 

TLDR: 

• Endorsement of a process is when you would take its conclusions for your own, if you knew them. 
• Legitimacy relates to endorsement in the same way that good relates to utility. (IE utility/endorsement are generic mathematical theories of agency; good/legitimate refer to the specific thing we care about.) 
• We perceive agency when something is better at doing something than us; we endorse some aspect of its reasoning or activity. (Endorse as a way of achieving its goals, if not necessarily our own.)
• We perceive meaning (semantics/reference) in cases where something has been optimized for accuracy -- that is, the goal we endorse a conclusion with respect to is some notion of accuracy of representation.

This write-up owes a large debt to many conversations with Sahil, although the views expressed here are my own.

Source:
https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/bnnhypM5MXBHAATLw/meaning-and-agency

Narrated for LessWrong by Perrin Walker.

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