Kia ora,

Welcome to Monday’s Economy Watch where we follow the economic events and trends that affect Aotearoa/New Zealand.

I'm David Chaston and this is the international edition from Interest.co.nz.

And today we lead with news geopolitics will suck up all the headlines this week, but we will focus on how the world's economies are faring.

This coming week will have a focus on Australia, and the RBA's Tuesday cash rate target review. "Everyone" expects them to cut by -25 bps to 3.60% - the more so because they skipped the expected cut at their July 9 review. There will be interest in the NAB business sentiment report this week too

In the US, the economic focus will be on CPI, PPI, retail sales and industrial production data. Market analysts aren't expecting to see much expansion and are expecting to see higher inflation. There will also be another consumer sentiment survey released this week too.

In Europe it will be all about GDP and sentiment updates. In Japan, we get to learn their Q2 GDP result. In India the focus will be on inflation updates.

In China there will be some big data released including for industrial production, retail sales, and new bank lending.

Over the weekend China released its July CPI data. It rose +0.4% from June, to be unchanged from a year ago. They are being suppressed by Beijing's subsidy programs. Food prices fell marginally in the month to be -1.0% lower than a year ago. Beef prices however rose +3.6% on that annual basis, sheepmeat prices fell -1.4%, and milk was down -1.3%.

Meanwhile overall producer prices deflated quicker, down -3.6% from a year ago. Producer purchase prices were down -4.5%, taking it to almost three years of continuous monthly declines. That's serious deflation.

More globally, the July world food price index inched higher, but that masks record higher prices for meat proteins. And those were driven by beef and sheep prices. Dairy prices eased back from June but only slightly and they remain very near record levels.

Canada released its July labour market report over the weekend showing 1.6 mln people unemployed for a jobless rate of 6.9%. That's high even if it is stable, and the number of people employed fell by -40,800, with a drop of -51,000 in full-time jobs and a rise of +10,000 in part-time jobs. The decline was mostly among 15-24 year olds. Markets had expected overall employment to rise by +13,000.

In Japan, June data for household spending rose +1.3% from the same month a year ago, down sharply from a +4.7% increase in May. Forecasts were for a +2.6% rise. Households were worried about the impact of US tariffs and persistent inflation on consumer activity. On a monthly basis, spending plunged -5.2% in June from May, reversing May’s +4.6% rise and undershooting expectations of a -3% correction.

And staying with Japan, they agreed with the US on a 15% "reciprocal" tariff. But Trump issued an executive order to charge 25% in a pique of retribution for slights no-one can quite understand. The Japanese have called them out on it, insisting they honour the negotiated deal. Now Bessent and Lutnick have agreed to not only correct the "administrative mistake" but refund the capricious tariff charges. The Japanese are back with the same deal as the EU has.

Taiwan's export performance continues to astound. Exports from the island nation surged +42% in July from a year ago to a record US$56.7 bln, following the +34% increase in June. They were expecting 'only' a +29% rise on this basis. by any measure this strength is quite remarkable. It is all built on electronics. Taiwanese imports were up +21% on the same basis.

In the US the appointment of Stephen Miran to fill a temporary vacancy as a board member of the US Federal Reserve adds in a protectionist sceptic to the voting mix. He is no fan of central bank independence. But oddly he has railed against the 'revolving door' of its members moving between Whitehouse/Treasury positions and the Fed governorships. He has now become exhibit A.

An global reinsurer SwissRe says 2025 is shaping up to incur weather and climate losses exceeding US$150 bln, after a record $80 bln in the first half. That would make it its costliest year since 2011 (when the NZ and Japanese earthquakes occurred), but by far the costliest for just climate impacts.

We should also note an AFR report that French dairy giant Lactalis, is the leading bidder for Fonterra’s Mainland business after being granted exclusivity to negotiate for a buyout. They got the nod with a price rumoured to be something less than $4 bln.

The UST 10yr yield is now at 4.28%, down -1 bp from Saturday and up +6 bps for the week.

The price of gold will start today at US$3,398/oz, up US$3 from Saturday. But that has built to a +US$51 gain for the week, or up +1.5%. The uncertainties swirling around the new US tariff ruling are flowing through the New York gold price. Meanwhile the White House called the news 'misinformation' even though their agency had published to tariff ruling.

American oil prices have slipped back again, down -50 USc to be just under US$63.50/bbl with the international Brent price down at just over US$66/bbl. These are more than -US$3.50 lower than week-ago levels.

The Kiwi dollar is at 59.5 USc and down -10 bps from Saturday, up +½c from a week ago. Against the Aussie we are up +10 bps at 91.3 AUc. Against the euro we are unchanged at 51.1 euro cents. That all means our TWI-5 starts today at just on 67.3, unchanged from Saturday and up +20 bps from this time last week.

The bitcoin price started today at US$118,561 and up +1.5% from this time Saturday. Volatility over the past 24 hours has been modest at just on +/-1.1%.

You can get more news affecting the economy in New Zealand from interest.co.nz.

Kia ora. I'm David Chaston. And we will do this again tomorrow.