As summer fades, we're moving into peak demand season for the U.S. dairy market. Keep on top of shifting trends with The Milk Check. Guest host Josh White and a panel of industry experts discuss the latest trends and projections for U.S. dairy as we approach this critical period.

💸 Blue tongue’s impact on European milk production.🧈 Butterfat is bucking the trend with a strong inventory.🍦 Cream prices have softened after a brief surge in the last few weeks.🧀 Cheese markets set record-high prices this year, but is the tide turning?🐄 Milk powder prices are on the rise as we head into peak demand season.

Plus, we’ll look ahead to 2025: What impact will the expanded cheese production capacity have on milk prices in the second half of the year?

Get the market scoop from Josh White and his team, including Diego Carvallo, director of dry dairy ingredient trading; Greg Scheer, manager of milk marketing; Jacob Menge, vice president of risk management & trade strategy; and Joe Maixner, national sales manager of dairy ingredients.

Intro (with music): Welcome to The Milk Check, a TC Jacoby and Company podcast where we share market insights and analysis with dairy farmers in mind.

Josh White: Hey, everyone. Welcome to The Milk Check. Today is Friday, September 20th. I am Josh White, filling in for Ted this week. We've entered that time of year when producers or processors, customers alike, we all put that summer fun behind us here in the Northern Hemisphere and focus a lot more attention on what's happening in the market today, closing out the year and thinking about what could influence the next calendar year. As a result, we think it's a great time to have what TC would call a good old classic market discussion.

Today, I'm joined by most of our traders here at TC Jacoby and Company, and I'll lead that discussion in Ted's absence. So I'll do my best Ted impression and say, "Hey guys, where do we start?" Does anybody have a thought as to what we should cover at the beginning? I personally think it all starts with milk. Greg, I would love your opinion as to what's happening today and the market as it relates to milk moving across the country and what your thoughts are looking ahead.

Greg Scheer: Thanks, Josh. Yes, we've seen tighter spot markets this summer and this spring compared to previous years. We have tighter milk supplies. We have a lack of replacement heifers. We have very expensive replacement cows. Producers have been holding back from culling as heavily as they usually do. We just don't have the replacements to increase milk supply. So we have firm spot markets. We've seen that this summer. We expect to see that this fall, but we are setting up for 2025 to be a tighter year for milk supplies because of those reasons.

Now, that could be mitigated some. I've heard of very good harvests being put up, good quality, cheap feed, and producers will be able to feed those cows maybe a little better, but the fact of the matter is it's going to be hard to get cow numbers up. They'll probably decline, and the cost of any kind of replacement will be high.

Josh: So Greg, you're talking through those dynamics and that doesn't take into account what the industry has discussed a lot about all these new plants coming on a new capacity. We've got another plant firing up any day now, another large one in the southwest that will likely start early in 2025, and a few plant expansions in the upper Midwest. How do you think that that influences this tightening milk dynamic as we go into next year?

Greg: It will make the milk competition just that much stronger. For the producer, it should help get higher premiums for milk in those competition areas. Plants will have to plan ahead, and even in some regions where milk's traditionally been very long and can get all the milk they want, it will be harder next year. It's just more competition. It will maybe pull some milk from other plants, and some older,