Americans are told Social Security is in trouble because there are more retirees and fewer workers to support them. But that story leaves out a major part of the problem: how much income now sits outside the system that funds Social Security.

Roosevelt Institute’s Rey Fuentes joins Nick and Goldy to explain how rising inequality, stagnant wages, and an outdated payroll-tax structure helped create Social Security’s looming shortfall — and why benefit cuts are far from inevitable. Plus, Nick puts forward a different way to think about fixing the system — one that starts with a basic question: why should some kinds of income count toward Social Security while others don’t?

Rey Fuentes is Director of Strategic Initiatives at the Roosevelt Institute.

The $29 trillion figure in this episode’s title refers to Social Security’s projected 75-year unfunded obligation. According to the 2026 Social Security Trustees Report, the combined retirement, survivor, and disability programs are projected to have a $29.3 trillion financing shortfall, measured in present-value dollars, between 2026 and 2100. That is not $29 trillion that comes due when the retirement trust fund is projected to deplete its reserves in 2032.

Read the 2026 Social Security Trustees Report Summary

Social Media:

@rooseveltinstitute.org

@rooseveltinst 

@therooseveltinstitute

Further reading: 

Social Security Doesn’t Need Cuts. The Fiscal Panic Is Missing Where the Money Is

1983 v. 2032: The Economics of the Last and Next Social Security Reform

What’s Actually Behind Social Security’s Trust Fund Shortfall

“Will Social Security Run Out?” Is the Wrong Question: How Lawmakers Can Protect Beneficiaries and Strengthen OASI 

“Sound, Needy, and Patriotic Legislation”: Preserving the Fundamental Promises of the Social Security System

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Why do so many Americans feel powerless, lonely, and disconnected — and what does that have to do with our economy?

Senator Chris Murphy joins Nick and Goldy to discuss his new book, Crisis of the Common Good, which makes the case that America’s political crisis is inseparable from a deeper collapse of power, connection, and shared purpose.

They dig into the “cult of profit,” Market Humanism, AI, scarcity, corruption, and the limits of an economy organized around efficiency and extraction. It’s a conversation about what happens when profit becomes the highest measure of success, and what it would mean to build an economy rooted in dignity, connection, and the common good.

Senator Chris Murphy is the junior United States Senator for Connecticut

Social Media:

@chrismurphyct.bsky.social

@ChrisMurphyCT

Further reading: 

Crisis of the Common Good: The Fight for Meaning and Connection in a Broken America

Watch Nick Debate Obama Admin Economist Jason Furman: NickHanauer.Substack.com 

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When you walk into a McDonald’s, it looks like one company. But legally, the person making your fries probably doesn’t work for McDonald’s at all. Brian Callaci, Chief Economist at the Open Markets Institute and author of Chains of Command, joins Nick and Goldy to explain how franchising became a blueprint for corporate control without responsibility — shifting risk, liability, and labor costs onto franchisees and workers while profits flow upward.

Brian Callaci is the chief economist at the Open Markets Institute and author of Chains of Command: The Rise and Cruel Reign of the Franchise Economy. 

Social Media:

@briancallaci.bsky.social

@brian_callaci

briancallaci.com

Further reading: 

Chains of Command: The Rise and Cruel Reign of the Franchise Economy

Franchise: The Golden Arches in Black America by Marcia Chatelain

Sectoral bargaining FAQ: Collective bargaining, sectoral wage and standards boards, and worker power

The Founder (2016)

Continental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania, Inc., 433 U.S. 36 (1977)

Senate Subcommittee on Antitrust & Monopoly Hearing on Distribution problems affecting small business. Part 1: franchising agreements, March (1965)

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Most personal finance advice starts with the same basic premise: you’re doing money wrong. But Carrie Joy Grimes, founder of WorkMoney and author of The Joy of Money, says that misses half the story.

Yes, people need real tools to budget, save, pay down debt, and plan for the future. But no amount of discipline can fix an economy where wages are too low, costs are too high, and working people have lost power over the rules that shape their lives. This week, Nick and Goldy talk with Grimes about why money is “math and feelings,” how shame keeps people stuck, why so much financial advice is written for people who already have money, and why the best thing we can do is not teach people to be better at being poor — but build an economy where fewer people are poor in the first place.

Carrie Joy Grimes is the founder and CEO of WorkMoney and author of The Joy of Money. Before founding WorkMoney, she spent two decades as a union organizer fighting for higher wages, better benefits, and stronger worker power.

Social Media:

Carrie Joy Grimes

Instagram

TikTok

YouTube

Work Money

Instagram

TikTok

YouTube

Twitter

Further reading: 

The Joy of Money: How to Do More With and Feel Better About Your Money—No Matter How Much You Have

WorkMoney - Provides free tools, tips, and resources to help people lower their living costs, find financial assistance, and increase their overall income.

MoneyFinder - A bill-negotiation service launched by WorkMoney.

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Nobel Prize-winning MIT economist Daron Acemoglu joins Nick and Goldy to discuss his new book, What Happened to Liberal Democracy? Remaking a Politics of Shared Prosperity. They explore why so many people have lost faith in democracy, how inequality and weakened worker power have reshaped politics, and why democracy has to deliver in people’s daily lives. They also dig into AI, automation, and whether new technology will concentrate even more wealth and power — or help build a more prosperous, democratic future.

Daron Acemoglu is a Nobel Prize-winning economist and Institute Professor at MIT. He is one of the world’s leading thinkers on political economy, institutions, inequality, technology, and the relationship between democracy and shared prosperity. His books include Why Nations Fail, The Narrow Corridor, and Power and Progress. His new book is What Happened to Liberal Democracy? Remaking a Politics of Shared Prosperity.

Social Media:

@dacemoglumit.bsky.social

@DAcemogluMIT

Further reading: 

What Happened to Liberal Democracy? Remaking a Politics of Shared Prosperity

New York Times - Nearly 200 Economists and Tech Leaders Warn of A.I. Threats

NBER - Automation and Repression

Check out THE BILLIONAIRE AGE on IDEAS 

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Paramount Skydance wants to merge with Warner Bros. Discovery in a $111 billion deal that would put even more of Hollywood—and two major newsrooms—under one corporate roof.

Washington State Attorney General Nick Brown joins Nick and Goldy to explain why a coalition of states is suing to stop it, how they forced Paramount to pause the merger, and why state attorneys general are increasingly stepping in as the federal government retreats from antitrust enforcement. They also discuss the successful fights against Live Nation–Ticketmaster and Kroger–Albertsons—and what happens when corporations become powerful enough to escape competition.

Nick Brown is the Attorney General of Washington State

Social Media:

@atg.wa.gov

@AGOWA

Further reading: 

Washington Post - Washington state is suing Paramount. Here’s why.

Washington State Office of the Attorney General

Check out THE BILLIONAIRE AGE on IDEAS 

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What is the economy for — GDP, corporate profits, or people?

This week, Nick and Goldy talk with Elizabeth Wilkins, President and CEO of the Roosevelt Institute, about Roosevelt’s new Good Life Agenda and why so many old assumptions about markets, government, and growth are suddenly up for grabs. It’s a conversation about human flourishing, public power, and what democracy has to deliver if people are going to believe in it again.

Elizabeth Wilkins is the President and CEO of the Roosevelt Institute.She previously served as Chief of Staff to the Chair and Director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission. She has also held senior roles in the White House and the Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia, clerked for Justice Elena Kagan and then-Judge Merrick Garland. She began her career as a labor organizer with SEIU 32BJ. She is one of the authors of Roosevelt’s new report, The Good Life: An Agenda for Fuller Lives, a Stronger Economy, and Renewed Trust.

Social Media:

@elizabethwwilkins.bsky.social

@ewwilkins

Further reading: 

The Good Life: An Agenda for Fuller Lives, a Stronger Economy, and Renewed Trust.

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Some of the world’s richest executives are selling AI as the engine of a yet-to-be realized “historic” productivity boom — while warning that it will also eliminate millions of jobs. But if workers absorb the disruption while the gains flow upward, that isn’t shared prosperity. It’s trickle-down economics with better software.

In the final installment of Myths That Built Trickle-Down Economics archive miniseries, we’re returning to Nick and Goldy’s conversation with economist Preston Mui about why productivity is a policy choice. Mui explains how full employment, sustained public investment, resilient supply chains, and affordable essentials create the conditions for workers and businesses to produce more value.

Technology may help us build a more productive economy. Policy will determine who benefits from it.

This episode originally aired April 2, 2024. 

Preston Mui is a senior economist at Employ America specializing in macroeconomics, labor economics, productivity, and Federal Reserve policy.

Social Media:

@prestonmui.bsky.social

@PrestonMui

Further reading: 

Post-ECI note: The Supply-side May Spoil Warsh's Productivity Story

The Dream of the 90s is Slipping Away in 2025

Early Estimates of the Impact of AI

Within BEA’s Industry Economic Accounts

Our Mission In An Age Of Turbulence: Creating A New Economic Policy Toolkit

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This week, we’re continuing our archive miniseries, Myths That Built Trickle-Down Economics, with the myth that austerity is responsible economic policy.

We’re revisiting this conversation now because the austerity playbook is still very much alive. The Trump administration and DOGE have cut federal agencies, pushed out public servants, and treated public infrastructure like waste — even though those are the systems we need most during a crisis. And if the economy turns downward, politicians will almost certainly reach for the same old answer: slash public support, make working people pay the price, and call it responsibility.

Nick and Goldy talk with professor and political economist Clara Mattei, author of The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism, about how austerity became one of the most powerful myths of modern capitalism, how economists helped sell it as common sense, and why it has always been about more than budgets.

Clara Mattei is a professor of economics at the University of Tulsa, Founding President of FREE: Forum for Real Economic Emancipation, and author of The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism and Escape from Capitalism: An Intervention.

This episode originally aired on December 12, 2023. 

Social Media:

@claraemattei

Further reading: 

The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism

U.S. Treasury: The U.S. Economic Recovery in International Context

CBPP: Robust COVID Relief Bolstered Economy and Reduced Hardship for Millions

GAO: Federal Agency Workforce Changes

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This week, we’re continuing our archive miniseries, Myths That Built Trickle-Down Economics, with the myth that bad economic ideas die once the evidence proves them wrong.

They don’t. They come back as zombie ideas: tax cuts for the rich sold as growth policy, safety-net cuts sold as responsibility, and market fundamentalism sold as common sense. These ideas have failed again and again, but they keep returning because they still serve the people and institutions with the most power.

In this episode, Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman joins Nick and Goldy to explain why zombie economics refuses to die, how bad assumptions infected mainstream economic thinking, and why defeating trickle-down economics requires more than better evidence — it requires naming the myths that keep shaping our politics.

This episode originally aired on March 31, 2020.

Paul Krugman is a Nobel Prize-winning economist, professor, author, and former New York Times columnist. His book Arguing with Zombies: Economics, Politics, and the Fight for a Better Future examines the failed economic ideas that continue to dominate American policy debates.

Social Media:

@pkrugman.bsky.social

Paul Krugman on Substack

Further reading: 

Arguing with Zombies: Economics, Politics, and the Fight for a Better Future

CBO: Estimated Distributional Effects of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act

KFF: Tracking Implementation of the 2025 Reconciliation Law: Medicaid Work Requirements

CBPP: The 2017 Trump Tax Law Was Skewed to the Rich, Expensive, and Failed to Deliver

EPI: Setting High Standards for a Federal Minimum Wage

Tax Foundation: Who Pays Tariffs? Americans Will Bear the Costs of Tariffs

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