A corollary of Sutton's Bitter Lesson is that solutions to AI safety should scale with compute. Let me list a few examples of research directions that aim at this kind of solution:

• Deliberative Alignment: Combine chain-of-thought with Constitutional AI, so that safety improves with inference-time compute (see Guan et al. 2025, Figure 13).
• AI Control: Design control protocols that pit a red team against a blue team so that running the game for longer results in more reliable estimates of the probability of successful scheming during deployment (e.g., weight exfiltration).
• Debate: Design a debate protocol so that running a longer, deeper debate between AI assistants makes us more confident that we're encouraging truthfulness or other desirable qualities (see Irving et al. 2018, Table 1).
• Bengio's Scientist AI: Develop safety guardrails that obtain more reliable estimates of the probability of catastrophic risk with increasing inference time:[1]

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