I've looked through Lesswrong's archives for mentions of the thalamus and its role in consciousness and I'm a little surprised that it is something which hasn't been discussed here before. In recent years it has become very clear that the thalamus is vitally important in consciousness and very arguably is the seat of consciousness [1].

The main discussant of the thalamus on Lesswrong is Steven Byrnes and the concepts I'm laying out here generally align very well with Byrnes's writing with perhaps the minor addition of asserting the thalamus as the chief originator of the groups of options that are then run through cortical circuits. I agree with the central importance Byrnes places on the flow of thought through cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loops, though I place special emphasis on the thalamus.

Integrated Information Theory proponent Giulio Tononi's mentor, Gerard Edelman, also recognized the central importance of the thalamus. In a [...]

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