Nels and Vincent explain research attempting to explain why among humans, females around the world live on average 5 years longer than males, but the trend is reversed in many birds, amphibians, and insects.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Sexual selection drives sex difference in adult life expectancy (Sci Adv)
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Nels – NIH Leadership Is Failing Early Career Researchers Vincent – Kennedy's Comments on Circumcision Are Only Going to Confuse and Shame Parents

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Nels and Vincent discuss research which shows a shift from the rule that living organisms produce same-species offspring: an ant that produces individuals from two distinct species.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• David Baltimore interview (TWiV 100)
• One mother for two species (Nature)
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Nels – Dr. Bill Rom, NYU canoes every lake connected by a portage trail in the Boundary Waters in Minnesota Vincent – Google just made photography obsolete

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Nels and Vincent discuss research on hidden evolutionary constraints that dictate the retention of coronavirus accessory gene, which was flagged by NIH as potentially dangerous gain-of-function research.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Hidden evolutionary constraints and retention of coronavirus accessory genes (Curr Biol)
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Nels – NIH suspends dozens of pathogen studies over 'gain-of-function' concerns and Mentorship and acts of kindness Vincent – Kennedy's case against mRNA vaccines collapses under his own evidence

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Nels and Vincent review research on how neuropeptides influence the behavior of leafcutter ants, and regulate the different caste behaviors such as defenders, leaf foragers, brood care, and fungus farming.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Neuropeptides and behavior of leaf cutter ants (Cell)
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Nels – My academic job offer was rescinded. I'll keep going—but U.S. researchers are running out of road Vincent – There's a new acid in our rain — should we be worried?

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Nels and Vincent discuss an ultra reduced archaeal genome, the closest cellular entity to date that approaches a viral strategy of existence.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Ultra-reduced archaeal genome (bioRxiv)
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Nels – The Bethesda Declaration Vincent – US to Drop Guidance to Limit Alcohol to One or Two Drinks Per Day, Sources Say

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Nels and Vincent review the properties of Mendel's pea genes through the lens of modern genetic analysis.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Insights into Mendel's pea genes (Nature)
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Nels – Evolution related game Vincent – Should Unvaccinated Patients Get Organ Transplants? Ethicist Weighs In

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Nels and Vincent explain the ancestry and evolution of the extinct dire wolf.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Evolution and ancestry of dire wolf (bioRxiv)
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Nels – Navigating to the forefront of innovation: A celebration of immigrant scientists Vincent – Exclusive: a Nature analysis signals the beginnings of a US science brain drain

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Nels and Vincent explain the ancient evolutionary origin of sex in cephalopods.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Evolution of sex in cephalopods (Current Biol)
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Nels – Speaking into a microphone? Your audio quality can impact the way people view you Vincent – Remedy Supported by Kennedy Leaves Some Measles Patients More Ill

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Nels and Vincent explain how template switching during DNA replication is a widespread source of adaptive gene amplification.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Template switching and gene amplification (eLife)
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Nels – Jeremy Berg on Bluesky – jeremymberg.bsky.social Vincent – Dickson Despommier, 84

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Nels and Vincent reveal that worker ants amputate their colleagues injured leg to prevent infections.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Wound-dependent leg amputation in ants (Curr Biol)
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Nels – The Science Bridge Vincent – US withdraws from WHO

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