Nels and Vincent discuss how the loss of an enzyme in marine mammals millions of years ago now makes them at risk for neurotoxicity caused by human-made organophosphorous pesticides.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Ancient lossesof paraoxonase I (Science)
• Big Yellow Taxi (YouTube)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiEVO 34

Hey farmer farmer put away the chlor-pyri-fus I don’t care about spots on my apples Leave me the manatee and walruses

Nels - New dinosaur discovered in Utah Vincent -The Song of the Dodo by David Quammen

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Nels and Vincent are astounded by the finding of an insect-derived virus in a fungus that manipulates the behavior of flies.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Virus in fungus in fly (bioRxiv)
• On a leaf, no one can hear you scream (TWiV 443)
• Nels gives Benzer Lecture (YouTube)
• Domestication of fungal fly pathogen (bioRxiv)
• Sequencing E. muscae genome (10X genomics)
• Eisen's twitter stream on new iflavirus (Twitter)

Nels - Mindsuckers; getting photos; Anand Varma photos  Vincent - Happy Birthday Gregor Mendel

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Matt joins Nels and Vincent to discuss the neutral theory of evolution and its rejection in light of genome-scale data.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Matt Hahn

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• Hahn Lab
• Molecular Population Genetics by Matt Hahn
• Neutral theoryin light of natural selection (Mol Biol Evol)
• Neutral Sequence Fallacy(Assembly of Fragments)
• Splendor and miseryof adaptation (BMC Biol)
• Image credit
• Letters readon TWiEVO 32

Nels - Inaugural Transposon Day Vincent - How many human genes?

Anne- Plants repeatedly lose ability to obtain nitrogen

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Nels and Vincent present ancient hepatitis B virus genome sequences from Bronze Age to Medieval period human remains.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Ancient hepatitis B virus genomes(Nature)
• Even more ancient HBV genomes(bioRxiv)
• Image credit
• Letters readon TWiEVO 31

Nels - Sampling whale breathwith drones (Preprint) Vincent - Verge Science

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Nels and Vincent reveal how a motor protein in corn causes preferential transmission of chromosomes to egg cells, leading to non-Mendelian inheritance.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Molecular Evolution and the Cellmeeting
• Selfishcorn chromosomes (Cell)
• Dawe Lab- neocentromeres and meiotic drive
• Image credit
• Letters readon TWiEVO 30

Nels - Craypot stinkhorn mushroom (Colus pusilus) Vincent -Doubts raised over plan to release herpesvirus to wipe out carp

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Nels and Vincent discuss the evolution of blood feeding to nonbiting in a mosquito, and evolution of bacterial virulence in the house finch caused by incomplete host immunity.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Molecular Evolution and the Cell meeting
• Mosquito evolution from blood feeding to nonbiting (PNAS)
• Mosquito blood feeding is not a free lunch (virology blog)
• Incomplete immunity and evolution of virulence (Science)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiEVO 29

Nels - IDEA and Impossible Foods Vincent - it is NOT junk

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Sarah Tishkoff joins Nels and Vincent to explain work from her laboratory on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation in Africans.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Sarah Tishkoff

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• Molecular Evolution and the Cell meeting
• Sarah AMA on Reddit
• Genetics of African skin pigmentation (Science)
• Image credit

Nels - In Defense of Plants (Shrew Loo) Vincent - Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals

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Taking a cue from the recent frigid weather, Nels and Vincent explore how modifications of a neuronal cold-sensing channel regulate diminished cold sensitivity in hibernating mammals.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Why ground squirrels and hamsters don't mind the cold (Cell Rep)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiEVO 27

Nels - Undergrad podcasters from Stonehill College Vincent - Viruses at Target

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Vinny Lynch joins Nels and Vincent to discuss how a zombie gene in elephants protects these large, long lived animals from cancer.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Vinny Lynch

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• Lynch Lab
• Elephant zombie LIF gene induces apoptosis (bioRxiv)
• Image credit

Nels - Animalism Vincent - Voyager I fires up thrusters after 37 years Vinny - Rollin' Wild

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Nels and Vincent discuss a genomic analysis of the passenger pigeon, which shows that species with large and stable populations may be at risk of extinction after a sudden environmental change.

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello

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• Passenger pigeon genomic diversity (Science)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiEVO 25

Nels - Video of nematophagous fungi Vincent - How should novelty be valued in science? John - Evo-Devo (Despacito Biology Parody) Melanie - What's in John's Freezer

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