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Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe

原文

Chapter Six: A footprint

Then, one year, something strange and terrible happened.

I often walked along the shore, and one day I saw something in the sand.

I went over to look at it more carefully, and stopped in sudden surprise.

It was a footprint - the footprint of a man!

Who could this be?

Afraid, I looked around me.

I listened. I waited. Nothing.

I was more and more afraid.

Perhaps this man was one of those wild people who killed and ate other men!

I looked everywhere, but there was nobody, and no other footprint.

I turned and hurried home.

'There's someone on my island,' I said to myself. 'Perhaps he knows about me ... Perhaps he's watching me now from behind a tree .…. Perhaps he wants to kill me.'

That night I couldn't sleep.

The next day I got all my guns ready and I put more wood and young trees around my house.

Nobody could see me now.

But, after fifteen years alone on the island, I was afraid, and I did not leave my cave for three days.

In the end, I had to go out to milk my goats.

But for two years I was afraid.

I stayed near my home and I never used my guns because I didn't want to make a noise.

I could not forget the footprint, but I saw and heard nothing more, and slowly I began to feel happier.

One day, a year later, I was over on the west side of the island.

From there I could see the other islands, and I could also see a boat, far out to sea.

'If you have a boat,' I thought, 'it's easy to sail across to this island.

Perhaps that explains the footprint - it was a visitor from one of the other islands.'

I began to move more freely around the island again, and built myself a third house.

It was a very secret place in a cave.

'No wild man will ever find that,' I said to myself.

Then one year something happened which I can never forget.

I was again on the west side of the island and was walking along the shore.

Suddenly, I saw something which made me feel ill.

There were heads, arms, feet, and other pieces of men's bodies everywhere.

For a minute, I couldn't think, and then I understood.

Sometimes there were fights between the wild men on the other islands.

Then they came here to my island with their prisoners, to kill them, cook them, and eat them.

Slowly, I went home, but I was very angry.

How could men do this?

For many months I watched carefully for the smoke from fires, but I didn't see anything.

Somehow the wild men came and went, and I never saw them.

I was angry and afraid.

I wanted to shoot them all, but there were many of them and only one of me.

'Perhaps I can shoot two or three, 'I said to myself, 'but then they will kill and cat me.'

Then, one morning in my twenty-third year on the island, I was out in my fields and I saw the smoke from a fire.

Quickly, I went up the hill to watch.

There were nine men around the fire, and they were cooking their terrible food.

Then these wild men danced round the fire, singing and shouting.

This went on for about two hours, and then they got into their boats and sailed away.

I went down to the shore and saw the blood of the dead men on the sand. '

The next time they come, I'm going to kill them, 'I said angrily.

听前提示

一、三遍英文，一遍中文，再一遍英文。

二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。

三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。

原文

101.

Having lived in Tokyo, I know the city well.

因为在东京住过，我对这个城市非常了解。

102.

We waited in the park for a long time.

我们在公园等了好久。

103.

It's next to impossible to finish it in a day.

在一天之内完成它几乎是不可能的。

104.

He looked for every possible means of escape.

他寻找一切可能的逃生途径。

105.

It took us half an hour to set up the tent.

搭帐篷花了我们半小时。

106.

I have two dogs. One is white and the other black.

我有两条狗。一条是白色的，另一条是黑色的。

107.

My cell phone has a built-in digital camera.

我的手机有内置的数码相机。

108.

My husband reads the newspaper while eating breakfast.

我丈夫一边吃早餐一边读报纸。

109.

I live near the sea so I often go to the beach.

我住在海边，所以经常去海滩。

110.

My wife's part-time job brings in a little extra money.

我太太兼职的工作赚进了一些额外的钱。

听前提示

一、每期提供10个单词，每个单词都会有2-3个例句，方便理解记忆。

二、每个单词和句子都会重复5遍，其中第2遍为慢速，有助于识别。

三、本材料的整体难度较低，可以用来听力磨耳朵和单词查漏补缺。

Day 2

11.

Absorb 吸收

This paper does not absorb ink.

本纸不吸收墨水。

He was absorbed in a computer game.

他沉迷于电脑游戏。

He was completely absorbed in his work.

他完全沉迷于自己的工作。

12.

Abuse 虐待

He abuses his authority.

他滥用权力。

She abused her friend's trust.

她滥用了朋友的信任。

She is a victim of sexual abuse.

她是性虐待的受害者。

Many children have been sexually abused.

许多儿童遭到性虐待。

13.

Academic 学术的

His academic achievements are impressive.

他的学术成就令人印象深刻。

She is working at an academic institution.

她在一家学术机构工作。

14.

Accent 口音

He made fun of my accent.

他取笑了我的口音

He has a southern accent.

他有南方口音。

He spoke with a regional accent.

他讲话时带有区域口音。

15.

Accept 接受

He accepted our offer.

他接受了我们的提议

Will you accept my invitation?

你会接受我的邀请吗？

We must accept this inevitable fact.

我们必须接受这一不可避免的事实。

Please accept my sincere apologies.

请接受我诚挚的歉意。

She's decided not to accept the job.

她决定不接受这份工作。

16.

Acceptable 可以接受的

We want a solution that is acceptable to all parties.

我们想要一个各方都能接受的解决办法。

The food at this restaurant was acceptable, but no more.

这家餐厅的食物可以接受，但没有更多。

17.

Access 访问

They have access to the library.

他们可以进入图书馆。

You'll need a password to access the database.

您需要密码才能访问数据库。

18.

Accident 事故

I only found it by accident.

我只是偶然发现的。

He was injured in the accident.

他在事故中受伤了。

The accident happened at 3 p.m.

事故发生在下午3点。

That was a frightening accident.

那是一场可怕的意外。

The accident could have been avoided.

事故本来可以避免的。

19.

Accidental 偶然的

This is an accidental error.

这是一个意外错误。

That discovery was quite accidental.

这个发现是非常偶然的。

20.

Accidentally 偶然

I accidentally deleted the file.

我不小心删除了这个文件。

I accidentally stepped on her foot.

我不小心踩到了她的脚。

I accidentally stepped on her toe.

我不小心踩到了她的脚趾。

词汇提示

1.charm 有美丽的

2.granite 花岗岩

3.destination 目的地

4.vicinity 周围地区

5.dwellings 住所

6.prominent 突出

7.lobsters 龙虾

8.thrive 生长

9.spray 海浪

10.carnivorous 食肉的

11.nourish 滋养

12.stately 庄严的

13.beak 鸟喙

原文

Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia

Why do people travel hundreds of miles to look at beautiful scenery?

And why does one particular place attract many more visitors than similar places not far away?

Peggy's Cove in Nova Scotia, Canada, is one of those special spots that draws people from all over the world.

It is hard to explain its special charm, but anyone who has been there will know whatI am talking about.

The southern-eastern shore of Nova Scotia possesses many picturesque fishing villages and many beautiful seascapes.

But one doesn't have to go very far from the capital city of Halifax to see this special spot.

The dominant feature are huge round granite rocks, many of them the size of houses.

They seem to be pushing up and out of the land and sea.

Nestled inside the circle of these rocks is a group of fishing huts.

Now and then a fishing boat leaves by the little bay or cove, in order to travel out into the great Atlantic Ocean.

For nearly two hundred years, there have been fishermen at Peggy's Cove.

All around the little harbor there are huts or "fish stores" where the fishermen do their work.

Here they bring in the fish, and clean them, wash them and salt them.

The salted fish are then stored in barrels.

Visiting as a tourist, I wandered into one of these huts while the fisherman was busy at his work.

He explained to me that, although Peggy's Cove is a tourist destination, it is also a working fishing village.

The fishermen get no money from the tourists, but have to take the time to talk to them and explain their work.

There are, however, some tourist shops and tea rooms in the vicinity.

Part of the charm of Peggy's Cove is that it is so small.

The population has been well under 100 people for most of its history.

The buildings are mostly small dwellings, with the lighthouse being the most prominent structure.

A good variety of fish are caught in the area, including mackerel, herring,haddock, cod and halibut.

Lobsters are also trapped nearby.

However,because of over-fishing, catches have declined in recent decades.

Showy purple lupins grow close to the ocean.

They thrive on salty ground, and the closer they grow to the spray of the ocean the better.

One of the world's few carnivorous plants - the common pitcher plant -also grows around Peggy's Cove.

Its leaves trap insects, which are digested to nourish the plant.

Common birds are the stately blue heron, which likes to fish in the marshy pools.

The heron stands several feet high and spear fish and frogs with its sharp beak.

Another bird is the osprey, or fish hawk.

The osprey's keen eyes can spot a fish moving beneath the surface of the water.

It can dive swiftly, hitting the water with great speed, catch the fish in its claws,and then fly away with its catch.

I have also seen pools close to the ocean full of large tadpoles.

These tadpoles spend several years in the water before they develop into bullfrogs.

Bullfrogs,the largest Canadian frog, have been know to eat baby ducks and small fish.

Looking over the little harbor and out toward the great ocean, one notices the contrast between the very small and the very large.

If Peggy's Cove were larger, it would be more ordinary.

As it is, it represents all the little fishing villages, where men have gone forth inlittle boats to fish on the wide ocean.

翻译

佩吉湾，新斯科舍省

为什么人们不远万里去看美丽的风景?
为什么一个特定的地方比不远处的类似地方吸引更多的游客?
加拿大新斯科舍省的佩吉湾是吸引世界各地游客的特别景点之一。
很难解释它的特殊魅力，但任何去过那里的人都会知道我在说什么。
新斯科舍省东南岸有许多风景如画的渔村和美丽的海景。
但人们不必离开首都哈利法克斯很远就能看到这个特别的地方。
主要特征是巨大的圆形花岗岩，其中许多有房子那么大。
它们似乎正在向上伸展，脱离陆地和海洋。
在这些岩石圈内坐落着一群钓鱼小屋。
偶尔会有一艘渔船从小海湾或小海湾驶出，驶往浩瀚的大西洋。
近两百年来，佩吉湾一直有渔民。
小港口周围到处都是小屋或“鱼店”，渔民们在那里工作。
在这里，他们把鱼带进来，把鱼洗干净，再加盐。
咸鱼然后被储存在桶里。
我以游客的身份来到这里，当渔夫忙于工作时，我走进了其中一间小屋。
他向我解释说，虽然佩吉湾是一个旅游胜地，但它也是一个工作的渔村。
渔民没有从游客那里得到钱，但不得不花时间与他们交谈并解释他们的工作。
然而，附近有一些旅游商店和茶室。
佩吉湾的魅力之一就在于它很小。
在其历史上的大部分时间里，人口都远远低于100人。
这些建筑大多是小型住宅，灯塔是最突出的建筑。
该地区捕捞的鱼类种类繁多，包括鲭鱼、鲱鱼、黑线鳕、鳕鱼和大比目鱼。
龙虾也被困在附近。
然而，由于过度捕捞，近几十年来捕捞量有所下降。
艳丽的紫色羽扇豆生长在靠近海洋的地方。
它们在咸的土地上茁壮成长，越靠近海洋的浪花越好。
世界上为数不多的食肉植物之一——常见的猪笼草——也生长在佩吉湾附近。
它的叶子捕获昆虫，这些昆虫被消化以滋养植物。
常见的鸟类是庄严的蓝鹭，它喜欢在沼泽池塘里钓鱼。
苍鹭有几英尺高，用它锋利的喙刺鱼和青蛙。
另一种鸟类是鱼鹰或鱼鹰。
鱼鹰敏锐的眼睛能发现在水面下游动的鱼。
它能迅速潜水，以极快的速度撞水，用爪子抓住鱼，然后带着鱼飞走。
我还见过靠近海洋的池塘里满是大蝌蚪。
这些蝌蚪在长成牛蛙之前要在水里待上几年。
牛蛙是加拿大最大的蛙类，以小鸭子和小鱼为食。
从小港口望向大海，人们会注意到小港湾和大港湾之间的对比。
如果佩吉湾再大一点，它就会更普通。
事实上，它代表了所有的小渔村，在那里，人们乘着小船在广阔的海洋上捕鱼。

Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe

原文

Chapter Five: Learning to live alone

I still needed a lot of things.

'Well,' I said, 'I'm going to have to make them.'

So, every day, I worked.

First of all, I wanted to make my cave bigger.

I carried out stone from the cave, and after many days' hard work I had a large cave in the side of the hill.

Then I needed a table and a chair, and that was my next job.

I had to work on them for a long time.

I also wanted to make places to put all my food, and all my tools and guns.

But every time I wanted a piece of wood, I had to cut down a tree.

It was long, slow, difficult work, and during the next months I learnt to be very clever with my tools.

There was no hurry.

I had all the time in the world.

I also went out every day, and I always had my gun with me.

Sometimes I killed a wild animal, and then I had meat to eat.

But when it got dark, I had to go to bed because I had no light.

I couldn't read or write because I couldn't see.

For a long time, I didn't know what to do.

But in the end, I learnt how to use the fat of dead animals to make a light.

The weather on my island was usually very hot, and there were often storms and heavy rain.

The next June, it rained all the time, and I couldn't go out very often.

I was also ill for some weeks, but slowly, I got better.

When I was stronger, I began to go out again.

The first time I killed a wild animal, and the second time I caught a big turtle.

I was on the island for ten months before I visited other parts of it.

During those months I worked hard on my cave and my house and my fence.

Now I was ready to find out more about the rest of the island.

First, I walked along the side of a little river.

There, I found open ground without trees.

Later, I came to more trees with many different fruits.

I decided to take a lot of the fruit, and to put it to dry in the sun for a time.

Then I could keep it for many months.

That night, I went to sleep in a tree for the second time.

And the next day, I went on with my journey. 

Soon, I came to an opening in the hills in front of me. 

Everything was green and there were flowers everywhere. 

There were also a lot of different birds and animals. 

I saw that my house was on the worst side of the island.

But I didn't want to move from there.

It was my home now.

I stayed away for three days, and then I came home.

But I often went back to the other, greener side of the island.

And so my life went on.

Every month I learnt to do or to make something new.

But I had troubles and accidents too.

Once there was a terrible storm with very heavy rain.

The roof of my cave fell in, and nearly killed me!

I had to build it up again with many pieces of wood.

I had a lot of food now.

I cooked it over a fire or dried it in the sun.

So I always had meat during the rainy months when I could not go out with a gun.

I learnt to make pots to keep my food in.

But I wanted very much to make a harder, stronger pot - a pot that would not break in a fire.

I tried many times, but I could not do it.

Then one day I was lucky.

I made some new pots and put them in a very hot fire.

They changed color, but did not break.

I left them there for many hours, and when they were cold again, I found that they were hard and strong. 

That night, I was very happy. 

I had hot water for the first time on the island. 

By then, I also had my own bread. 

That was luck too.

One day I found a little bag.

We used it on the ship, to keep the chickens' food in.

There was still some of the food in the bag, and I dropped some of it onto the ground.

A month later I saw something bright green there, and after six months I had a very small field of corn.

I was very excited.

Perhaps now I could make my own bread!

It was easy to say, but not so easy to do.

It is a lot of work to make bread from corn.

Many people eat bread, but how many people can take corn from a field and make bread out of it without help?

I had to learn and to make many new things, and it was a year before I cooked and ate my first bread.

During all this time, I never stopped thinking about escape.

When I traveled across to the other side of the island, I could see the other islands, and I said to myself, 'Perhaps I can get there with a boat. Perhaps I can get back to England one day.'

So I decided to make myself a boat.

I cut down a big tree, and then began to make a long hole in it.

It was hard work, but about six months later, I had a very fine canoe.

Next, I had to get it down to the sea.

How stupid I was!

Why didn't I think before I began work?

Of course, the canoe was too heavy.

I couldn't move it!

I pulled and pushed and tried everything, but it didn't move.

I was very unhappy for a long time after that.

That happened in my fourth year on the island.

In my sixth year I did make myself a smaller canoe, but I did not try to escape in it.

The boat was too small for a long journey, and I did not want to die at sea.

The island was my home now, not my prison, and I was just happy to be alive.

A year or two later, I made myself a second canoe on the other side of the island.

I also built myself a second house there, and so I had two homes.

My life was still busy from morning to night.

There were always things to do or to make.

I learnt to make new clothes for myself from the skins of dead animals.

They looked very strange, it is true, but they kept me dry in the rain.

I kept food and tools at both my houses, and also wild goats.

There were many goats on the island, and I made fields with high fences to keep them in.

They learnt to take food from me, and soon I had goat's milk to drink every day.

I also worked hard in my corn fields.

And so many years went by.

听前提示

一、三遍英文，一遍中文，再一遍英文。

二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。

三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。

原文

91.

Her house is at the foot of a mountain.

她家在一座山的山脚下。

92.

Nobody understood why the elephant suddenly turned on its owner.

没有人明白为什么大象突然攻击了它的主人。

93.

I have to take my medicine every six hours.

我每六小时要服一次药。

94.

How long does it take to walk to the station?

走着去火车站要多久？

95.

You're the one who decided to do this job, right?

你是决定做这个工作的那个人，对吗？

96.

You will soon get accustomed to your new school.

你很快就会适应你的新学校。

97.

Between you and me, I think our boss is stupid.

我觉得我们老板很蠢，这我就只跟你说。

98.

His death was a great loss to our firm.

他的死对我们公司是一个巨大的损失。

99.

You've both been very impressive today. I'm proud of you.

今天你们俩给人留下了很深的印象，我为你们感到骄傲。

100.

I'm not a university student, but I'm brighter than them.

我不是一个大学生，但我比他们更聪明。

听前提示

一、每期提供10个单词，每个单词都会有2-3个例句，方便理解记忆。

二、每个单词和句子都会重复5遍，其中第2遍为慢速，有助于识别。

三、本材料的整体难度较低，可以用来听力磨耳朵和单词查漏补缺。

Day 1

1.

Abandon

v.抛弃，遗弃；n.放任，放纵

We have to abandon the plan.

我们不得不放弃这个计划。

He abandoned his plan to build a factory.

他放弃了建工厂的计划。

They found an abandoned car by the river.

他们在河边发现了一辆被遗弃的汽车。

He abandoned his hope of becoming a doctor.

他放弃了当医生的希望。

There are a lot of abandoned houses in this area.

这个地区有很多废弃的房子。

2.

Ability

n.能力，能够；才能，技能，本领

This job is beyond my ability.

这份工作超出了我的能力。

I trust his executive ability.

我相信他的执行力。

I don't have much faith in his ability.

我对他的能力不太有信心。

She has the ability to manage a business.

她有经营企业的能力。

3.

Above

prep.在……以上，超过 adv.高于

My bedroom is just above.

我的卧室就在上面。

Don't go above the speed limit.

不要超速行驶。

This work is above my capacity.

这工作超出了我的能力。

The plane flew above the clouds.

飞机在云层上方飞行。

She lives in an apartment above us.

她住在我们楼上的公寓里。

4.

About

adv.大约；几乎 prep.关于，对于

Don't worry about it.

别为它担心。

She is about my age.

她和我差不多大。

What is he angry about?

他为什么生气？

How do you feel about it?

你觉得怎么样？

Nobody tells me about it.

没有人告诉我这件事。

5.

Able

adj.能够，有能力的；聪明能干的，

I'm sure I'll be able to find it.

我肯定我能找到它。

He is able to speak ten languages.

他能说十种语言。

I am able to swim across the river.

我能游过这条河。

I'm sorry that I wasn't able to call you yesterday.

我很抱歉昨天没能给你打电话。

6.

Abroad

adv.在国外，到国外n.外国

We go abroad every summer.

我们每年夏天都出国。

Is your uncle still abroad?

你叔叔还在国外吗？

He will go abroad in August.

他将在八月份出国。

I plan to go abroad in November.

我计划11月出国。

He's currently abroad on business.

他目前在国外出差。

7.

Absence

n.缺席，缺勤，不在

He was repeated absences from work.

他经常旷工。

The decision was made in my absence.

这个决定是在我不在的时候做出的。

I don't know the reason for her absence.

我不知道她缺席的原因。

He revealed the real reason for his absence.

他说出了缺席的真正原因。

8.

Absent

adj.缺勤的，缺席的 v.缺席，离开

Why were you absent yesterday?

你昨天为什么缺席?

He is often absent from school.

他经常缺课。

He was absent because of illness.

他因病缺席。

She has been absent since last Wednesday.

她从上星期三就没来过。

How long has she been absent from school?

她缺课多久了？

9.

Absolute

adj.完全的，纯粹的；绝对的

I have absolute trust in her.

我绝对信任她。

What you said is absolute nonsense.

你说的话完全是胡说八道。

I think what he says is absolute rubbish.

我认为他说的绝对是废话。

I need absolute silence when I'm working.

我工作时需要绝对的安静。

'You're wrong', she said with absolute certainty.

“你错了，”她绝对肯定地说。

10.

Absolutely

adv.绝对地，完全地；确实地

It's absolutely impossible.

这是绝对不可能的。

Yes. You're absolutely right.

是的。你是绝对正确的。

She has absolutely no enemies.

她绝对没有敌人。

That's absolutely unacceptable.

这是绝对不可接受的。

It's absolutely impossible to do so.

这是绝对不可能的。

词汇提示

1.tropical 热带的

2.dense 茂密的

3.immense 巨大的

4.circumstance 周长

5.shrubs 灌木

6.ferns 蕨类

7.erosion 侵蚀

原文

North America's Rain forest

When people think of rain forests, they usually think of the tropical jungle.

But heavy rain can also produce dense forests in temperate areas.

Along the northwest coast of North America, there are some of the largest trees in the world.

This forest runs along the Pacific Coast from Alaska down to northern California.

About half of it is in British Columbia, Canada.

Several species of trees grow to an immense size.

Some grow up to 95 meters (312 feet) high, and 12 meters (40 feet) in circumference.

They may be as much as 1,000 years old.

Because the trees are so tall, the forest has various levels of growth.

Small plants attach themselves to the tall trees and may form a kind of garden in the air.

Closer to the ground are shrubs and bushes.

Along the ground are moss, ferns, berries and other plants.

These old forests have developed over several thousand years.

This old forest has several special features.

Some of the dead tall trees remain standing and become homes for insects, birds and small animals.

Trees that fall to the ground can become "nurse logs" for new plants ortrees to grow on.

Trees that fall across rivers and streams can provide natural dams, which provide quiet water for animals to live in.

In recent years, it has become common for logging companies to"clear-cut" this old forest.

To clear-cut a forest means to go into a section of forest with heavy machinery and cut down every tree.

Sometimes,these "clear-cuts" are as large as some European countries.

Logging companies are doing this because it is a cheap method of logging.

The problem is that when an old forest is cut, it does not grow back again.

Even with replanting, companies produce a tree farm, not an old forest.

The complexity of an old forest, which grew over thousands of years, is lost forever.

The old forest can shelter many kinds of birds, mammals, fish and plants that replanted forest cannot.

Another issue is that companies are cutting more and more old forests because they haven't done enough replanting.

As long as governments have been willing to let companies cut old forests, neither logging companies nor governments have been much motivated to replant the forests.

As a result, most of the old forest has been cut down and continues to be cut at a rapid rate.

This situation has also worsened because new technology allows more rapid logging.

Clear-cut logging results in erosion, which, in turn, damages the quality of rivers and streams.

Animals like grizzly bears, elk and deer are harmed by the loss of habitat.

Likewise,birds that nest in the old forest, such as bald eagles, owls, woodpeckers and various seabirds are being threatened.

Recently,public interest in the old rain forests has resulted in an increase in tourism.

People come to see these spectacular trees and the many plants and animals that depend on them.

We hope that these unique temperate rain forests will remain for many more generations to enjoy.

翻译

北美雨林

当人们想到雨林时，他们通常会想到热带丛林。
但是大雨也可以在温带地区产生茂密的森林。
沿着北美西北海岸，有一些世界上最大的树木。
这片森林沿着太平洋海岸从阿拉斯加一直延伸到加利福尼亚北部。
其中大约一半在加拿大的不列颠哥伦比亚省。
有几种树长得很大。
有些长到95米(312英尺)高，周长12米(40英尺)。
它们可能有1000年的历史。
因为树木很高，森林有不同的生长水平。
小植物附着在高大的树上，可能在空中形成一种花园。
靠近地面的是灌木和矮树丛。
地上长着苔藓、蕨类植物、浆果和其他植物。
这些古老的森林已经发展了几千年。
这片古老的森林有几个特点。
一些死去的高大树木仍然屹立着，成为昆虫、鸟类和小动物的家园。
倒在地上的树木可以成为“看护原木”，供新植物或树木生长。
倒在河流和溪流上的树木可以形成天然水坝，为动物提供安静的水。
近年来，伐木公司“砍伐”这片古老的森林已变得司空见惯。
“砍伐森林”就是用重型机械进入一片森林，把每一棵树都砍倒。
有时，这些“完全砍伐”的土地和一些欧洲国家一样大。
伐木公司之所以这么做，是因为这是一种廉价的伐木方法。
问题是，当老森林被砍伐后，它就不会再长出来了。
即使重新种植，公司生产的也是一个树木农场，而不是一个古老的森林。
历经数千年生长的古老森林的复杂性永远消失了。
古老的森林可以庇护许多种鸟类、哺乳动物、鱼类和植物，而重新种植的森林却不能。
另一个问题是，公司正在砍伐越来越多的老森林，因为他们没有做足够的重新种植。
只要政府愿意让公司砍伐老森林，伐木公司和政府都不会有太多动力去重新种植森林。
因此，大部分的老森林已经被砍伐，并继续以快速的速度被砍伐。
由于新技术允许更快速的记录，这种情况也变得更糟。
滥砍滥伐造成水土流失，进而破坏河川水质。
像灰熊、麋鹿和鹿这样的动物受到栖息地丧失的伤害。
同样，在老森林里筑巢的鸟类，如秃鹰、猫头鹰、啄木鸟和各种海鸟也受到威胁。
最近，公众对古老雨林的兴趣导致了旅游业的增长。
人们来看这些壮观的树木和依赖它们的许多植物和动物。
我们希望这些独特的温带雨林将保留下来，让更多的世代享用。

Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe

原文

Chapter Four: A new life on an island when

When day came, the sea was quiet again.

I looked for our ship and, to my surprise, it was still there and still in one piece.

'I think I can swim to it,' I said to myself.

So I walked down to the sea and before long, I was at the ship and was swimming round it.

But how could I get on to it?

In the end, I got in through a hole in the side, but it wasn't easy.

There was a lot of water in the ship, but the sand under the sea was still holding the ship in one place.

The back of the ship was high out of the water, and I was very thankful for this because all the ship's food was there.

I was very hungry so I began to eat something at once.

Then I decided to take some of it back to the shore with me.

But how could I get it there?

I looked around the ship, and after a few minutes, I found some long pieces of wood.

I tied them together with rope.

Then I got the things that I wanted from the ship.

There was a big box of food - rice, and salted meat, and hard ship's bread.

I also took many strong knives and other tools, the ship's sails and ropes, paper, pens, books, and seven guns.

Now I needed a little sail from the ship, and then I was ready.

Slowly and carefully, I went back to the shore.

It was difficult to stop my things from falling into the sea, but in the end I got everything on to the shore.

Now I needed somewhere to keep my things.

There were some hills around me, so I decided to build myself a little house on one of them.

I walked to the top of the highest hill and looked down.

I was very unhappy, because I saw then that I was on an island.

There were two smaller islands a few miles away, and after that, only the sea.

Just the sea, for mile after mile after mile.

After a time, I found a little cave in the side of a hill.

In front of it, there was a good place to make a home.

So, I used the ship's sails, rope, and pieces of wood, and after a lot of hard work I had a very fine tent.

The cave at the back of my tent was a good place to keep my food, and so I called it my 'kitchen'.

That night, I went to sleep in my new home.

The next day I thought about the possible dangers on the island.

Were there wild animals, and perhaps wild people too, on my island?

I didn't know, but I was very afraid.

So I decided to build a very strong fence.

I cut down young trees and put them in the ground, in a half circle around the front of my tent.

I used many of the ship's ropes too, and in the end my fence was as strong as a stone wall.

Nobody could get over it, through it, or round it.

Making tents and building fences is hard work.

I needed many tools to help me.

So I decided to go back to the ship again, and get some more things.

I went back twelve times, but soon after my twelfth visit, there was another terrible storm.

The next morning, when I looked out to sea, there was no ship.

When I saw that, I was very unhappy.

'Why am I alive, and why are all my friends dead?' I asked myself. 'What will happen to me now, alone on this island without friends? How can I ever escape from it?'

Then I told myself that I was lucky - lucky to be alive, lucky to have food and tools, lucky to be young and strong.

But I knew that my island was somewhere off the coast of South America.

Ships did not often come down this coast, and I said to myself, 'I'm going to be on this island for a longtime.'

So, on a long piece of wood, I cut these words: I CAME HERE ON 30TH SEPTEMBER 1659

After that, I decided to make a cut for each day.

提示

一、每期五个句子，均是从四六级听力真题中选取的长难句。

二、每个句子念三遍女声，一遍男声，再一遍女声。

三、如果觉得语速过快，可以在播放器上调慢语速，多听几遍。

原文

196.

Thanks to the International Space Station we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more.

多亏了国际空间站，我们对低重力对人体的影响有了一些了解，但美国宇航局的科学家们还想了解更多。

197.

According to England's Hospital Episode Statistics, children aged one to four were the most likely to need help from doctors fora foreign object in their nose.

根据英格兰医院的统计数据，1到4岁的儿童最有可能因为鼻子里的异物而需要医生的帮助。

198.

Ducks are birds that feed and breed in areas where there is a lot of water, but their habitats have been shrinking in recent decades because of the droughts.

鸭子是在水资源丰富的地方觅食和繁殖的鸟类，但近几十年来，由于干早，它们的栖息地一直在缩小。

199.

In 2015, two Italian companies collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.

2015年，两家意大利公司合作建造了类似类型的太空飞船，这是第一台为应用于太空而设计的咖啡机。

200.

The review concluded that on average runners live 3 years longer than non-runners, and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise.

该研究综述总结说，跑步者的平均寿命比非跑步者的寿命长了3年，跑步比其他任何形式的运动都更能延长寿命。