英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

An asteroid that moved closer to Earth’s orbit in recent months is now moving away from our planet as gravity pulls it back toward the sun. 

近几个月来，一颗小行星靠近地球轨道，现在由于重力将其拉回太阳而远离我们的星球。 

The asteroid is small – about 10 meters long – and never presented any threat to Earth. But the object, known as 2024 PT5, was recently pulled closer to our planet by Earth’s gravitational forces. 

这颗小行星很小——大约10米长——并且从未对地球构成任何威胁。但这个被称为 2024 PT5 的物体最近被地球引力拉近了。 

Scientists sometimes call such objects “mini-moons.” This is because they behave similarly to the permanent moon orbiting Earth when they are captured by gravity. But they are much smaller and stay only temporarily in Earth’s orbit. 

科学家有时将此类物体称为“迷你卫星”。这是因为当它们被重力捕获时，它们的行为类似于绕地球运行的永久月球。但它们要小得多，并且只能暂时停留在地球轨道上。 

The American space agency NASA said it does not consider 2024 PT5 a mini-moon because it was never expected to be fully captured by Earth’s gravity. But NASA has described the small asteroid as “an interesting object” that is worthy of study. Such asteroids are considered near-Earth objects. 

美国航天局 NASA 表示，它不认为 2024 PT5 是一个迷你月球，因为从未预计它会被地球引力完全捕获。但美国宇航局将这颗小行星描述为“一个有趣的物体”，值得研究。此类小行星被认为是近地天体。 

The space agency noted that similarities between the asteroid’s motion and that of Earth suggest the object could be a large piece of rock that broke off from the moon’s surface after an asteroid strike in the distant past. 

该航天局指出，小行星的运动与地球的运动之间的相似之处表明，该物体可能是很久以前小行星撞击后从月球表面脱落的一大块岩石。 

The object was first observed on August 7 by two astronomer brothers from Spain’s Complutense University of Madrid – Carlos de la Fuente Marcos and Raúl de la Fuente Marcos. They identified the asteroid through observations made by a telescope in South Africa. 

8月7日，来自西班牙马德里康普顿斯大学的两位天文学家兄弟卡洛斯·德拉富恩特·马科斯（Carlos de la Fuente Marcos）和劳尔·德拉富恩特·马科斯（Raúl de la Fuente Marcos）首次观测到了该天体。他们通过南非的望远镜观测发现了这颗小行星。 

The Spanish astronomers said it appeared 2024 PT5 is part of a group of near-Earth objects within the Arjuna asteroid belt. They wrote that asteroids in this belt are believed to be “surrounding the path followed by the Earth-moon system.”

西班牙天文学家表示，2024 PT5 似乎是阿朱那小行星带内一组近地天体的一部分。他们写道，这条带中的小行星被认为“围绕着地月系统所遵循的路径”。 

The Associated Press reported the astronomers had used telescopes in the Spanish Canary Islands, off the coast of northwestern Africa, to make hundreds of observations. The object is currently more than 3.5 million kilometers from Earth. Only powerful telescopes can see the asteroid because of its small size and low brightness. 

美联社报道称，天文学家在非洲西北部海岸的西班牙加那利群岛使用望远镜进行了数百次观测。该物体目前距离地球超过350万公里。由于小行星体积小、亮度低，只有强大的望远镜才能看到它。 

To keep the workouts fun, they also might include fun games and activities from childhood. In Edmonton, they play snow games in winter and water games in summer. The games help to lower inhibitions. This helps people make connections, said Jason Shaw. He is co-leader of the Indianapolis, Indiana group. 

为了保持锻炼的乐趣，它们还可能包括童年时期的有趣游戏和活动。在埃德蒙顿，他们冬天玩雪上游戏，夏天玩水上游戏。游戏有助于降低压抑感。杰森·肖说，这有助于人们建立联系。他是印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯集团的联合领导人。 

“Nobody (is) cool at November Project,” he said. 

“没有人对十一月项目很酷，”他说。 

Shaw said groups recognize members’ milestones. People can earn prizes for reaching different goals. 

肖说，团体承认成员的里程碑。人们可以通过实现不同的目标来获得奖励。 

To find out if a November Project group is near you, go to their website at November-Project.com. Building community and making friends is another big part of the project. So, each group is active on social media. 

要了解您附近是否有 11 月项目小组，请访问他们的网站：Novell-Project.com。建立社区和结交朋友是该项目的另一个重要部分。因此，每个群体在社交媒体上都很活跃。 

If you do not have a November Project nearby, you can find another type of outdoor exercise group. Or start your own. 

如果您附近没有十一月项目，您可以寻找另一种类型的户外运动团体。或者开始你自己的。 

The November Project organizers offer a few suggestions on how to work out during colder months. 

十一月项目组织者提供了一些关于如何在寒冷月份锻炼的建议。

Find workout friends. At the center of the project, is accountability. Members promise to show up. There is a sense of letting down your teammates if you do not show up, said Mandaric, who moved to Boston from Serbia to row crew for Northeastern University. (Rowing crew is a type of boat racing.) 

寻找锻炼的朋友。该项目的核心是问责制。成员们承诺一定会出席。从塞尔维亚搬到波士顿为东北大学划船的曼达里克说，如果你不出现，就会有一种让队友失望的感觉。（赛艇队是赛艇运动的一种。）

There is no such thing as bad weather, just bad clothing, said Shaw, the leader from Indianapolis. He suggests wearing clothing next to your skin that removes sweat. This will help keep you warm and dry. Avoid cotton, he warned. It keeps sweat in contact with your body and will make you colder. 

来自印第安纳波利斯的领导人肖说，没有坏天气，只有坏衣服。他建议穿贴身的衣服以去除汗水。这将帮助您保持温暖和干燥。他警告说，避免使用棉花。它会让汗水与你的身体接触，让你感觉更冷。 

Also, add a top layer that protects against bad weather. On its webpage, the November Project leaders for Washington, DC say workouts are not cancelled for weather. 

另外，添加顶层以防止恶劣天气的影响。华盛顿特区十一月项目负责人在其网页上表示，锻炼不会因为天气而取消。

Promise yourself to exercise on the same days and times for a month. Create a routine. This will make it easier to stick to an exercise routine, says Mandaric.

承诺自己在一个月的同一天和同一时间进行锻炼。创建一个例程。曼达里克说，这会让你更容易坚持锻炼习惯。

And make sure to have fun. Exercise does not have to be hard or serious. 

并确保玩得开心。锻炼不一定要很辛苦或很严肃。 

Smith, the member from Edmonton, Alberta, says she enjoys the social part of the November Project the most. She calls it “a chosen family.” They came together because they had fun exercising. She said. “You can have fun and get fit.” 

来自艾伯塔省埃德蒙顿的会员史密斯表示，她最喜欢十一月项目的社交部分。她称之为“一个被选择的家庭”。他们聚在一起是因为锻炼很有趣。她说。“你可以享受乐趣并保持健康。”

In Edmonton, Alberta, the sun had yet to come up. The temperature was more than 20 degrees below zero. In the dark and cold, Tanis Smith was ready to run up and down hundreds of stairs among the trees in the Saskatchewan River Valley. 

在阿尔伯塔省的埃德蒙顿，太阳还没有升起。气温零下二十多度。在黑暗和寒冷中，坦尼斯·史密斯准备在萨斯喀彻温河谷的树林中跑上跑下数百级楼梯。 

And Smith was not alone. Ten people joined her for the activity. All were wearing several layers of clothing to keep warm. 

史密斯并不孤单。有十个人参加了她的活动。所有人都穿着几层衣服来保暖。 

“You're pretty much just putting everything you own on,” said Smith, an accountant. “If you look at the pictures, you don’t know who you are unless you remember what you were wearing.” 

“你几乎只是把你拥有的一切都投入其中，”会计师史密斯说。“如果你看照片，你不知道自己是谁，除非你记得自己穿什么。” 

Since that winter back in 2013, Smith has rarely missed a workout with a group called November Project.

自 2013 年那个冬天以来，史密斯很少缺席一个名为“十一月项目”的团体的训练。

November Project is a network of free outdoor group exercise classes that started in Boston, Massachusetts. No matter the weather, members get out of bed before sunrise at least once a week and go outdoors for group exercise. 

十一月项目是一个免费户外团体锻炼课程网络，始于马萨诸塞州波士顿。无论天气如何，会员每周至少一次在日出前起床，到户外进行集体锻炼。 

November Project is part exercise, part fun, and part community. It is a model for exercising outdoors, especially in the winter. 

十一月项目一半是锻炼，一半是乐趣，一半是社区。它是户外锻炼的典范，尤其是在冬天。 

It started in 2011, when two friends agreed to exercise every morning for the month of November. They were looking for accountability and motivation to help them stick to an exercise routine. 

它始于 2011 年，当时两个朋友同意在 11 月份每天早上锻炼身体。他们正在寻找责任感和动力来帮助他们坚持锻炼。 

By the end of that first month, they had invited others to join them. Soon, their meetings were bringing in almost forty people. And it became a year-round project. 

到第一个月结束时，他们已经邀请了其他人加入他们。很快，他们的会议就吸引了近四十人。这成为了一个全年项目。

“A party is better when there’s more people around. We would talk to anybody who would listen,” said Bojan Mandaric. He created the project with friend, Brogan Graham. “

当周围的人越多时，聚会就越好。我们会与任何愿意倾听的人交谈，”博扬·曼达里克说。他与朋友布罗根·格雷厄姆 (Brogan Graham) 一起创建了这个项目。 

Then, as people moved to other cities, they took the idea with them. So, the November Project grew. Now, there are 52 groups in eight countries, including 44 in the United States and Canada. 

然后，当人们搬到其他城市时，他们也带着这个想法。因此，十一月项目不断发展。目前，共有 52 个团体分布在 8 个国家，其中美国和加拿大有 44 个团体。

People of all ages and fitness levels join the workouts. Some groups begin with something called “The Bounce.” They chant and jump at the same time to bring the group together. Those who feel inhibited, do not have to do this. 

所有年龄段和健身水平的人都参加锻炼。有些团体从“弹跳”开始。他们一边喊着一边跳跃，让大家团结在一起。那些感到压抑的人不必这样做。 

Most classes include running and body weight exercises like squats. The project also uses the surroundings of the location. So, for example, some places include running up steps in an outdoor sports stadium. Currently in D.C., members meet on Wednesdays to run up the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. 

大多数课程都包括跑步和深蹲等自重练习。该项目还利用了该地点的周围环境。例如，有些地方在户外体育场内设有台阶。目前在华盛顿，成员们每周三聚集在林肯纪念堂的台阶上。 

The archaeologists found the site under the jungle canopy in the southeastern state of Campeche by accident during an internet search. A PhD student spotted a radar survey posted by an environmental organisation that could peer through thick vegetation.

考古学家们在一次互联网搜索中意外地在丛林树冠下发现了这处位于墨西哥东南部坎佩切州的遗址。一名博士生注意到了一个环境监测组织发布的雷达测绘图，这个雷达可以透过茂密的植被进行勘测。 

Using archaeological tools, the researchers were able to see evidence of nearly 7,000 buildings and a huge city they called Valeriana. Valeriana had temple pyramids, plazas, houses, causeways and reservoirs, and may have been home to up to 50,000 people in the 9th century. Luke Auld-Thomas from Tulane University says it reveals the complexity of Mayan society. 

借由考古学工具，研究人员能看到近七千栋建筑物以及一座巨大的城市存在的证据，他们把这座城市称为瓦莱里亚纳（Valeriana）。瓦莱里亚纳建有许多神庙金字塔、广场、房屋、堤道和蓄水池，并且在公元九世纪时可能有 5 万人居住在此。杜兰大学的卢克·奥尔德-托马斯表示这座城市展现了玛雅社会的复杂性。 

But war, climate change and the Spanish invasion led to the demise of most Mayans. Their descendants still live in the region today, their ancient cities buried beneath their feet. 

但是，战争、气候变化和西班牙的入侵导致了大多数玛雅人的死亡。玛雅人的后代如今依然生活在这个地区。他们古老的城市已经被掩埋在了他们脚下。 

词汇表

archaeologists 考古学家
jungle canopy 丛林树冠
spotted 注意到，发现了
peer through 透过…看
plazas 广场
causeways 堤道
reservoirs 蓄水池
demise 死亡
descendants 后代
buried 掩埋

Think of the wisest person you know. What is it that makes them wise? What qualities do they have? Does wisdom mean the same for you as it does for me? All cultures value wisdom, but not all cultures agree on its definition. For some, the focus is on intelligence, while others emphasise compassionate love for others. In some cultures, a spiritual component is required to be considered wise. Are there any aspects of wisdom that all cultures can agree on? 

想想你认识的最聪明的人。是什么让他们变得聪明？他们有什么品质？智慧对你和对我来说意义相同吗？所有文化都重视智慧，但并非所有文化都认同智慧的定义。对于一些人来说，重点是智力，而另一些人则强调对他人的同情心。在某些文化中，需要精神成分才能被认为是明智的。智慧的某些方面是否是所有文化都能达成共识的？ 

A group of 34 researchers from all over the world and from fields like psychology, philosophy and anthropology got together to explore 'Dimensions of wisdom perception across twelve countries on five continents'. The study found two characteristics that everyone – from urban university students in Peru to villagers in rural India – associated with wisdom. 

来自世界各地心理学、哲学和人类学等领域的 34 名研究人员齐聚一堂，探索“五大洲 12 个国家的智慧感知维度”。研究发现，从秘鲁城市大学生到印度农村村民，每个人都与智慧相关的两个特征。

The first quality a wise person must have is 'socio-emotional awareness'. This is about the ability to understand others' point of view and really care about their thoughts and feelings. However, this person must also have the second quality: 'reflective orientation', which is about using logic and past experience to make judgements. If you are mindlessly driven by emotions and don't think before you act, then you are unlikely to be perceived as wise. So, if you want to be wise, learn to both keep your cool and put yourself in others' shoes. 

智者必须具备的首要品质是“社会情感意识”。这是关于理解他人观点并真正关心他们的想法和感受的能力。然而，这个人还必须具备第二个品质：“反思导向”，即运用逻辑和过去的经验来做出判断。如果你盲目地受情绪驱使，行动前不思考，那么你就不太可能被认为是明智的。所以，如果你想变得明智，就要学会保持冷静并设身处地为别人着想。 

But, while this study helps us build a more unified definition of wisdom, the world is vast and cultures vary hugely. In 'The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom', the authors make an apple pie analogy, comparing pie to wisdom. Imagine your grandmother makes your favourite apple pie – she represents the wisdom you think is best. Now, imagine you take this apple pie to the Amazon rainforest, where apples don't grow. For the locals, the pie isn't as good as their own traditional desserts; they've grown up with different flavours and ingredients, just as different cultures have developed their own wisdom traditions. Ultimately, the way wisdom is experienced, shared, and valued depends on the cultural ingredients involved.

但是，虽然这项研究帮助我们对智慧建立了一个更加统一的定义，但世界广阔，文化差异巨大。在《剑桥智慧手册》中，作者用苹果派来比喻，将馅饼与智慧进行比较。想象一下你的祖母做了你最喜欢的苹果派——她代表了你认为最好的智慧。现在，想象一下您将这个苹果派带到亚马逊雨林，那里不长苹果。对于当地人来说，馅饼不如他们自己的传统甜点；他们是在不同的口味和成分下长大的，就像不同的文化发展了自己的智慧传统一样。最终，智慧的体验、分享和价值方式取决于所涉及的文化成分。 

词汇表

quality （人的）品质
compassionate 有同情心的
spiritual 精神上的，心灵的
anthropology 人类学
perception 认知
characteristic 特征
awareness 意识，认知
point of view 观点
reflective 反思的
logic 逻辑
judgment 判断
mindlessly 盲目地
perceive 认为，视为
keep one's cool 保持冷静
put oneself in others' shoes 从他人的角度看问题

Jon Fosse began writing stories as a child. His breakthrough novel, Boathouse, was published in 1989. Having established himself as a novelist, poet and children's author, he then turned his attention to writing plays.

约恩·福瑟从童年时就开始编写故事。他在1989年发表的小说《船屋》令他崭露头角。在以小说家、诗人及儿童文学作家的身份站稳脚跟后，他将注意力转移到戏剧剧本创作。

His sparse, Pinteresque style brought him to international attention, though commercial success has eluded him in the UK. Jon Fosse was nominated for the Booker Prize, won the Ibsen Prize, and was awarded the French Order of Merit in 2007. He said he's overwhelmed and somewhat frightened at becoming a Nobel laureate.

他的剧作中人物对话简短，颇有英国著名剧作家哈罗德·品特的风范，这令他受到了国际关注，尽管他的作品在英国并未取得商业上的成功。约恩·福瑟曾获得布克文学奖提名、获得过易卜生戏剧奖、并在2007年被授予法国国家功绩勋章。他说他对于自己成为诺贝尔奖获得者一事备感激动，同时也有些受宠若惊。

His latest book, Septology, a semi-autobiographical magnum opus, is in seven parts spread across three volumes. It runs to 1,250 pages without a single full stop.

他的最新作品《七部曲》是一部半自传体巨著，分为七个部分，共三卷。这部作品长达1250页，其中没有一个句号。

词汇表

breakthrough 有重大进展的，突破性的
novelist 小说家
sparse 稀少的，零星的
Pinteresque 与剧作家哈罗德·品特相似的，有品特作品风范的
commercial success 商业上的成功，作品畅销、卖座
eluded 未能达到，与（某人）无缘
Booker Prize 布克文学奖
Nobel laureate 诺贝尔奖获得者
semi-autobiographical 半自传体的
magnum opus （作家或艺术家的）最重要的作品，代表作
volumes （文学作品的）册，卷
full stop 句号

A much-publicized art piece made up of a single banana taped to a wall has sold for $6.2 million. 

一件广为人知的艺术作品，由一根用胶带粘在墙上的香蕉组成，售价为 620 万美元。 

The sale happened Wednesday night during an auction in New York City at famous art seller Sotheby’s. The work, called Comedian, was sold to cryptocurrency businessman Justin Sun. He is a Chinese collector and founder of the cryptocurrency company Tron. Sun placed the winning bid over the phone and the sale was completed in cryptocurrency. 

此次拍卖发生在周三晚上，纽约市著名艺术品卖家苏富比拍卖行举行的一场拍卖会上。这部名为喜剧演员的作品被卖给了加密货币商人孙宇晨。他是一位中国收藏家，也是加密货币公司Tron的创始人。Sun 通过电话中标，并以加密货币完成了销售。 

Before the auction, Sotheby’s said the unusual art piece was expected to bring in at least $1.5 million. But the price quickly started rising after the auction began, with people bidding inside the auction room, as well as on the phone and online. 

拍卖前，苏富比表示，这件不寻常的艺术品预计将带来至少 150 万美元的收入。但拍卖开始后，价格迅速上涨，人们在拍卖室内、电话和网上竞价。 

The art piece had already sold three times for prices between $120,000 and $150,000, The Associated Press reported. 

据美联社报道，这件艺术品已售出三次，售价在 12 万至 15 万美元之间。 

Sun said in a statement after the auction that Comedian "is not just an artwork." He added that the piece "bridges the worlds of art, memes, and the cryptocurrency community.” 

孙在拍卖后的一份声明中表示，《喜剧演员》“不仅仅是一件艺术品”。他补充说，这件作品“架起了艺术、模因和加密货币社区之间的桥梁”。 

Sun said he planned to eat the banana, as at least two onlookers did when the artwork was presented at places around the world. Sotheby’s says the fruit was always meant to be replaced repeatedly, along with the duct tape. 

孙说，他打算吃香蕉，当这件艺术品在世界各地展出时，至少有两名旁观者这样做了。苏富比表示，水果和胶带总是需要反复更换。

The work was created by Italian artist Maurizio Cattelan. It was first presented in 2019 at the Art Basel Miami Beach show in Miami, Florida. The piece quickly led to much public discussion about what should be considered art. 

该作品由意大利艺术家毛里齐奥·卡特兰创作。它于 2019 年在佛罗里达州迈阿密举行的巴塞尔艺术展迈阿密海滩展上首次亮相。这件作品很快引起了公众关于什么应该被视为艺术的广泛讨论。 

Comedian belongs to a kind of art known as conceptual artwork. A conceptual piece is one in which the idea or meaning behind the work is more important than the finished object itself. 

喜剧演员属于一种被称为观念艺术的艺术。概念性作品是指作品背后的想法或意义比成品本身更重要的作品。 

The head of contemporary art at Sotheby’s is David Galperin. He told the AP he understands the piece’s popularity because it is highly provocative. Provocative describes something likely to produce a strong reaction and much public debate. 

苏富比当代艺术主管是大卫·加尔佩林 (David Galperin)。他告诉美联社，他理解这部作品的受欢迎程度，因为它极具挑衅性。挑衅性描述的是可能引起强烈反应和大量公众辩论的事情。 

“What Cattelan is really doing is turning a mirror to the contemporary art world,” Galperin said. He added that he thinks Comedian can cause people to question what values should be attached to artworks and what can be defined as artwork. 

“卡特兰真正所做的是成为当代艺术世界的一面镜子，”加尔佩林说。他补充说，他认为喜剧演员可以让人们质疑艺术品应该赋予什么价值以及什么可以定义为艺术品。

“What you buy when you buy Cattelan’s Comedian is not the banana itself, but a certificate of authenticity,” Galperin said. That document, he added, gives the owner permission to reproduce the banana and duct tape on their own wall as an original artwork by the artist. 

“当你购买卡特兰喜剧演员时，你购买的不是香蕉本身，而是一份真品证书，”加尔佩林说。他补充说，该文件允许所有者将香蕉和胶带复制到自己的墙上，作为艺术家的原创艺术品。 

The sale of Comedian came shortly after Sotheby’s auctioned off a famed artwork in the Water Lilies series by French painter Claude Monet. That piece sold on Monday for $65.5 million. 

在苏富比拍卖法国画家克劳德·莫奈的《睡莲》系列著名艺术品后不久，《喜剧演员》就被出售了。该作品于周一以 6550 万美元的价格售出。 

When asked to compare Cattelan's simple wall art to major works like Monet's, Galperin said that form of art, called impressionism, was not taken seriously when that movement first began. 

当被问及将卡特兰的简单墙壁艺术与莫奈等主要作品进行比较时，加尔佩林表示，印象派这种艺术形式在这场运动刚开始时并没有受到认真对待。 

“No important, profound, meaningful artwork of the past 100 years or 200 years, or our history for that matter, did not provoke some kind of discomfort when it was first unveiled,” Galperin said. 

加尔佩林说：“过去 100 年或 200 年的任何重要、深刻、有意义的艺术品，或者我们的历史，在首次亮相时都会引起某种不适。” 

People will no longer have to fight with monkeys in the historic Thai city of Lopburi. 

在泰国历史名城华富里，人们将不再需要与猴子打斗。 

That is because of new efforts to keep the animals from reproducing and to limit their movements. 

这是因为人们采取了新的措施来阻止动物繁殖并限制它们的活动。

Before public health measures to control COVID-19 closed businesses in Lopburi, about 3,000 long-tailed macaques lived there. The people of the city fed them and even had a yearly party for them. Tourists came to the city north of Bangkok to see the macaques in what was known as "Monkey City." 

在控制 COVID-19 的公共卫生措施导致华富里府的企业关闭之前，大约有 3,000 只长尾猕猴居住在那里。城里的人们给他们食物，甚至为他们举办了一年一度的聚会。游客来到曼谷北部的城市，在被称为“猴城”的地方观赏猕猴。

The macaques are believed to bring good luck. They live in the nearby forests and have long been a part of the city's history. But after Lopburi came out of the pandemic lockdown in the middle of 2022, people found that the monkeys had become unruly without people feeding them. 

人们相信猕猴能带来好运。他们生活在附近的森林里，长期以来一直是这座城市历史的一部分。但2022年中华富里府解除疫情封锁后，人们发现，没有人喂猴子，猴子变得不守规矩。 

Groups of macaques had taken over buildings. They stole food and caused accidents by walking in the streets. Groups of the monkeys also fought each other, shocking local people. Some of the townspeople put up cages around their homes to keep the monkeys out. 

成群的猕猴占领了建筑物。他们在街上行走时偷窃食物并引发事故。成群的猴子还互相打斗，令当地人震惊。一些镇民在自家周围搭起笼子以防止猴子进入。

Wisarut Somngam is a local researcher with the non-governmental organization, Ecoexist Society. He said the monkeys would steal from people by taking any container they thought might contain food. People began to carry slingshots, a small weapon that shoots stones, to protect against the monkeys.

Wisarut Somngam 是非政府组织生态存在协会的当地研究员。他说，猴子会从人们那里偷走任何它们认为可能装有食物的容器。人们开始携带弹弓（一种发射石头的小武器）来防御猴子。 

Earlier this year, officials began their efforts to catch the macaques. By May, they were increasing the effort to prevent the monkeys from reproducing that began during the pandemic. 

今年早些时候，官员们开始努力捕捉猕猴。到了五月，他们加大了从大流行期间开始的防止猴子繁殖的力度。 

"Our goal is to neuter all the monkeys, 100 percent of them," said local veterinarian Patarapol Maneeorn from the government wildlife department in September. The monkeys would then be put into an area where they will be looked after, he said. 

“我们的目标是对所有猴子进行绝育，100%，”政府野生动物部门的当地兽医帕塔拉波尔·马尼奥恩 (Patarapol Maneeorn) 9 月表示。他说，然后这些猴子将被安置在一个地方接受照顾。

Now, the situation in the city seems to be under control, as the officials have captured 1,600 of the monkeys. Some animal rights groups agree the monkeys should be neutered, but they do not want them to be kept in captivity. 

现在，该市的局势似乎已经得到控制，官员们已经捕获了1600只猴子。一些动物权利组织同意这些猴子应该被绝育，但他们不希望它们被圈养。 

Edwin Wiek is founder of Wildlife Friends Foundation Thailand. He said, “The monkeys are suffering because currently they're in a cage that is not designed for them.” Wiek pressed the government to increase funding for the government wildlife department to train people in animal care and treatment.

埃德温·维克 (Edwin Wiek) 是泰国野生动物之友基金会的创始人。他说：“猴子们正在遭受痛苦，因为它们目前被关在不是为它们设计的笼子里。” 维克敦促政府增加对政府野生动物部门的资金，以培训人们进行动物护理和治疗。 

The people of Lopburi are happy that the streets are safe again. Clock maker Chalit Nithiwkram said, "Things have become a little easier because most of the monkeys were captured. Life is easier." He said his business is improving because people are no longer afraid to park near his shop. 

华富里府人民很高兴街道再次安全。钟表制造商 Chalit Nithiwkram 说：“事情变得容易了一些，因为大多数猴子都被捕获了。生活变得更容易了。” 他说他的生意正在改善，因为人们不再害怕在他的商店附近停车。 

For others, the monkeys are important to Lopburi. Supaporn Reanprayoorn operates a store near a temple where monkeys often gathered. "Monkeys are part of Lopburi's identity," she said. She sometimes gave them a little food. "Let tourists take pictures with them - just a hundred or two," she joked. 

对于其他人来说，猴子对华富里很重要。Supaporn Reanprayoorn 在一座猴子经常聚集的寺庙附近经营一家商店。“猴子是华富里府身份的一部分，”她说。她有时会给他们一点食物。“让游客和它们合影——就一百两张，”她开玩笑说。 

“We’re…used to bears so (when you see one) you don’t start to tremble,” Mayor Mike Spence said. “It’s their area too. It’s important how the community coexists with bears and wildlife in general to really get along. We’re all connected.” 

“我们……已经习惯了熊，所以（当你看到熊时）你不会开始颤抖，”市长迈克·斯彭斯说。“这也是他们的地盘。社区如何与熊和野生动物共存才能真正和谐相处，这一点很重要。我们都是有联系的。” 

Churchill residents show polar bear pride in a way that mixes terror and fun.

丘吉尔居民以一种既恐怖又有趣的方式表现出北极熊的自豪感。

“You know we're the polar bear capital of the world, right? We have the product, it's just about getting out there to see the bears safely,” said Dave Daley, who owns a gift shop, runs dog sleds and promotes the city. He also is a former president of the Chamber of Commerce, an office that supports business activity. 

“你知道我们是世界北极熊之都，对吧？我们有产品，只是为了安全地看到熊，”拥有一家礼品店、经营狗拉雪橇并宣传这座城市的戴夫·戴利 (Dave Daley) 说。他还是商会的前主席，该商会是一个支持商业活动的办公室。 

The former military base had a rocket launch area. It seemed to keep bears away. When it closed, the bears started entering the town more often, longtime residents said. So, Churchill and province officials “put together a polar bear alert program to make sure the community members were looked after, [and] protected,” said Spence who has been Churchill's mayor since 1995. 

前军事基地有一个火箭发射区。它似乎可以让熊远离。长期居民说，当它关闭时，熊开始更频繁地进入该镇。因此，丘吉尔和省政府官员“制定了北极熊警报计划，以确保社区成员得到照顾和保护”，自 1995 年以来一直担任丘吉尔市长的斯宾塞说道。 

The town's old curfew siren sounds nightly, warning people that it is time to go inside to be safe from bears. 

镇上古老的宵禁警报每晚都会响起，警告人们是时候进屋以防熊了。 

Georgina Berg recalls growing up in the 1970s near Churchill, where many First Nations people lived. “First Nations” is used in Canada to identify native people. 

乔治娜·伯格 (Georgina Berg) 回忆起自己在 20 世纪 70 年代在丘吉尔附近长大的经历，那里居住着许多原住民。在加拿大，“原住民”被用来识别原住民。

She remembers how differently her father and mother would react to seeing a bear in the past. She said her father would not pay attention to them. 

她记得过去她的父亲和母亲看到熊时会有多么不同的反应。她说她父亲不会理会他们。 

“He said, ‘If you don’t bother them, then they won’t bother you,’" she recalled.

“他说，‘如果你不打扰他们，他们就不会打扰你，’”她回忆道。 

When a bear came near in later years, after her father had died, her mom was frightened. 

几年后，她父亲去世后，当一只熊靠近时，她妈妈感到害怕。 

“Everybody was yelling, and all the kids had to come in and everybody had to go home. And then we stayed silent in the house for a long time until we knew for sure that bear was gone,” Berg recalled. 

“每个人都在大喊大叫，所有的孩子都必须进来，每个人都必须回家。然后我们在屋子里沉默了很长一段时间，直到我们确信那只熊已经消失了，”伯格回忆道。 

For Van Nest, the provincial officer, the recent meeting with a group of bear watchers was different. The group was about 100 meters away from the bear. He said the bear was “putting on a bit of a show” for the tourists.

对于省官员范·内斯特来说，最近与一群熊观察者的会面是不同的。这群人距离熊约100米。他说这只熊正在为游客“表演一些节目”。 

“This is a great situation to be in," he said. “The tourists are a safe distance away and the bear’s doing his natural thing and not being harassed by anybody.” 

“这是一个很好的情况，”他说。“游客们都在安全距离之外，熊正在做他自然的事情，没有受到任何人的骚扰。” 

Churchill, Manitoba is a small, rural Canadian town that lives with neighboring predators and loves it. That is because the predators — a polar bear population — attract the visitors who saved the town’s economy after a military base there closed. Tourists wanting to see the bears bring millions of dollars into the local economy. 

马尼托巴省的丘吉尔是加拿大的一个乡村小镇，与邻近的掠食者一起生活并热爱它。这是因为掠食者——北极熊种群——吸引了游客，在军事基地关闭后，游客拯救了该镇的经济。想要观赏熊的游客为当地经济带来了数百万美元的收入。 

However, the bears are entering the town more often in search of food. Researchers say the sea ice where the bears normally hunt is shrinking. 

然而，熊越来越频繁地进入城镇寻找食物。研究人员表示，熊通常捕食的海冰正在缩小。 

Geoff York is with Polar Bears International, a nonprofit environmental group based in Manitoba. York said: “You're seeing more bears because there are more bears on the land for longer periods of time to be seen” and they are willing to take more risks, getting closer to people. 

杰夫·约克 (Geoff York) 就职于北极熊国际组织，这是一家总部位于马尼托巴省的非营利性环保组织。约克说：“你会看到更多的熊，因为陆地上有更多的熊，而且可以看到的时间更长”，而且它们愿意承担更多的风险，与人类更加亲近。 

There are about 600 polar bears in this Western Hudson Bay population. Environmentalists say that is about half what it was 40 years ago. Humans in Churchill outnumber the bears although not by very many. 

西哈德逊湾地区约有 600 只北极熊。环保人士称，这大约是 40 年前的一半。丘吉尔的人类数量超过了熊，尽管数量不多。 

It has been more than 10 years since a polar bear attacked anyone in Churchill. But townspeople look out for each other and tourists with a warning system and guards. There is even a polar bear jail.

丘吉尔地区已经有十多年没有北极熊袭击任何人了。但镇上的人们通过警报系统和警卫互相照顾和照顾游客。甚至还有北极熊监狱。

Sergeant Ian Van Nest is a Manitoba province conservation officer. He recently guarded the streets of Churchill in his truck. It was the beginning of polar bear season in Churchill. 

伊恩·范·内斯特中士是马尼托巴省的一名保护官员。他最近开着卡车守卫着丘吉尔的街道。这是丘吉尔北极熊季节的开始。 

The vehicle is equipped with a rifle and a barred back seat to hold anyone he might have to arrest. 

这辆车配备了步枪和一个带铁栅栏的后座，可以容纳他可能需要逮捕的任何人。

Van Nest saw a crowd of people who were watching a bear. He looked around for trouble in the area and then quietly spoke to the group's leader. 

范内斯特看到一群人正在观看一只熊。他环顾四周是否有麻烦，然后小声地与该组织的领导交谈。 

“How are you today?” Van Nest asked. The group leader answered that they were all right and then asked if their gathering place is acceptable to Van Nest. 

“你今天怎么样？” 范内斯特问道。领队回答说没问题，然后询问范内斯特是否可以接受他们的聚集地。 

“You’re good,” the officer answered. “You [have] got a lot of distance there,” he added. So, the tour group continued to watch a polar bear on some nearby rocks. 

“你很好，”军官回答。“你在那里有很长的距离，”他补充道。于是，旅行团继续在附近的一些岩石上观看北极熊。

Visitors interested in seeing the polar bears saved Churchill from shrinking out of existence when a military base there closed in the 1970s. The closure led to a drop in Churchill’s population, from a few thousand residents to about 870. 

20 世纪 70 年代，那里的一个军事基地关闭后，对观赏北极熊感兴趣的游客使丘吉尔免于消失。关闭导致丘吉尔的人口从几千人减少到约 870 人。 

A 2011 government study found that the average polar bear tourist spent about $5,000 per visit. The tourism adds more than $7 million yearly to the economy of the little town. Churchill has a few nice restaurants and more than 25 places where visitors can stay. 

2011 年的一项政府研究发现，北极熊游客每次参观的平均花费约为 5,000 美元。旅游业每年为这个小镇增加超过 700 万美元的经济收入。丘吉尔拥有几家不错的餐厅和超过 25 个可供游客住宿的地方。