American health officials say people age 50 and older should get vaccinated against bacteria that cause pneumonia and other dangerous diseases. 美国卫生官员说，50岁及50岁以上的人应接种导致肺炎和其他危险疾病的细菌。

Pneumonia is an infection that affects the lungs. It makes breathing difficult and can cause a rise in body temperature. Pneumonia can also lead to a cough that produces yellow, green or bloody substances. 肺炎是一种影响肺部的感染。 它使呼吸困难，并可能导致体温升高。 肺炎也会导致产生黄色，绿色或血腥物质的咳嗽。 

The advice, or recommendation, was offered by a group of scientific advisors and approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The former age recommendation for adult vaccinations was 65 and older. 该建议或建议是由一组科学顾问提供的，并得到了疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的批准。 以前对成人疫苗接种的年龄建议为65岁以上。 

CDC Director Mandy Cohen said in a statement, “Now is a great time to get vaccinated against pneumococcal disease in preparation for the winter respiratory season.” 疾病预防控制中心（CDC）主任曼迪·科恩（Mandy Cohen）在一份声明中说：“现在是接种肺炎球菌疾病的好时机，为冬季呼吸道季节做准备。” 

The advisors voted 14-1 to change the age recommendation during an October meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, home of the CDC headquarters. Doctors widely follow the agency’s guidance. 顾问以14-1投票决定在10月在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的CDC总部故居的10月会议上改变年龄的建议。 医生广泛遵循该机构的指导。 

Pneumococcal shot recommendations are sometimes called the most complex vaccination guidance that the government issues. 肺炎球菌射击建议有时被称为政府发出的最复杂的疫苗接种指导。 

The CDC currently recommends shots for children younger than five and adults 50 or older, as long as they have never been vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. Officials also recommend the shots for children and adults at increased risk for pneumococcal disease, such as those with diabetes, liver disease or a weakened immune, or defense, system. 疾病预防控制中心目前建议对五岁以下的50岁以上的儿童拍摄，只要从未接种肺炎球菌疾病疫苗。 官员们还建议对儿童和成人的枪击事件，患有肺炎球菌疾病的风险增加，例如患有糖尿病，肝病或免疫力弱或防御系统的患者。

Red meat should be limited, along with saturated fats. Additional protein can come from beans, nuts, poultry and seafood. Highly processed foods and drinks with a lot of added sugar should also be avoided. 红肉应受到限制，以及饱和脂肪。 其他蛋白质可能来自豆类，坚果，家禽和海鲜。 还应避免加工高度加工的食物和饮料。

Getting up and walking around for at least 10 minutes a day can greatly reduce a person’s stroke risk, said Dr. Cheryl Bushnell. She is a neurologist at Wake Forest University School of Medicine in North Carolina. 谢丽尔·布什内尔（Cheryl Bushnell）博士说，每天起床至少10分钟可以大大降低一个人的中风风险。 她是北卡罗来纳州维克森林大学医学院的神经科医生。 

Bushnell was part of the group that came up with the new guidelines. She said regular exercise can help reduce blood pressure, a major risk factor for stroke. 布什内尔（Bushnell）是提出新指南的小组的一部分。 她说，定期运动可以帮助降低血压，这是中风的主要危险因素。 

However, health experts say more movement is better. The stroke association suggests at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise activity every week. Such exercise could include going to the gym, taking a walk or running. People can also use exercise machines at home, dance or play a sport. 但是，健康专家说，更多的运动更好。 中风协会建议每周至少有150分钟的中度有氧运动或75分钟的剧烈运动活动。 这样的练习可能包括去健身房，散步或跑步。 人们还可以在家中使用锻炼机，跳舞或参加运动。

The guidelines include a new group of drugs that have been proven to help people lose weight. 这些指南包括一组新的药物，这些药物已被证明可以帮助人们减肥。 

The drugs – designed for people with obesity or diabetes – had not been approved when past guidelines were issued. But the advice now suggests doctors consider these drugs for patients at risk for stroke. These include versions sold under the names Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, and Zepbound,. 这些药物是为肥胖或糖尿病患者而设计的 - 在发布了过去的准则时，尚未获得批准。 但是现在的建议表明，医生认为这些药物适用于有中风风险的患者。 其中包括以Ozempic，Wegovy，Mounjaro和Zepbough的名称出售的版本。 

The new guidelines also help doctors identify people who might be at higher risk for stroke. For the first time, the advice suggests doctors screen patients for other risk factors. They could include gender or non-medical factors such as economic issues or the availability of quality health care. 这些新指南还可以帮助医生确定可能处于中风风险更高的人。 这些建议首次建议医生筛选患者其他危险因素。 它们可能包括性别或非医学因素，例如经济问题或优质医疗保健的可用性。 

The new guidelines also suggest that doctors screen for conditions that may increase a woman’s risk for stroke. These could include high blood pressure during pregnancy or early menopause.新的指南还表明，医生筛选可能会增加女性中风风险的状况。 这些可能包括怀孕期间或更年期早期的高血压。

Three of the most common stroke signs include face weakness, arm weakness and difficulty speaking. Also, time is important when a person suffers a stroke. Brain damage can happen quickly, but it can be limited if a stroke is treated quickly. 最常见的三个中风迹象包括面部弱点，手臂弱和说话困难。 同样，当一个人遭受中风时，时间很重要。 脑损伤可能很快发生，但是如果迅速治疗中风，可能会受到限制。 

Stroke experts have created an acronym to help people remember: FAST -- F for face, A for arm, S for speech, and T for time. 中风专家创建了一个首字母缩写来帮助人们记住：快速 - f for for for for for for Arm，s for Speaks和T时间为T。 

If you think you or a loved one may be having a stroke, call the emergency response number in your area immediately. 如果您认为自己或亲人可能正在中风，请立即在您所在地区的紧急响应号码致电。

New guidelines have been issued in the United States for preventing stroke – the nation’s 4th biggest killer. 在美国发布了新的指南，以防止中风 - 美国第四大杀手。 

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that in 2023, stroke was the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. An estimated half a million people suffer strokes in the U.S. each year. But the CDC notes that up to 80 percent of strokes could be prevented with better nutrition and exercise, along with improved risk identification. 美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）说，在2023年，中风是美国第四大死亡原因。 估计每年在美国遭受中风的估计一百万。 但是，疾病预防控制中心指出，通过更好的营养和运动，可以预防多达80％的中风，并改善风险识别。

A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked or if a blood vessel in the brain breaks open, or bursts. The event keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. This can result in the person having difficulty thinking, talking and walking. In some cases, a stroke can even cause death. 当血液流向大脑的一部分或大脑中的血管破裂或爆发时，会发生中风。 该事件可防止氧气进入大脑。 这可能会导致人们难以思考，说话和行走。 在某些情况下，中风甚至会导致死亡。 

Stroke is a major health problem across the world. On its website, the World Stroke Organization says the condition is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Over 100 million people worldwide have suffered a stroke. It is estimated that 25 percent of adults over 25 will have a stroke during their lifetime. 中风是世界上一个主要的健康问题。 世界中风组织在其网站上说，这种情况是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因。 全球超过1亿人遭受了中风。 据估计，25岁以上的成年人中有25％的人会在一生中中风。 

The new guidelines on stroke prevention came from the American Stroke Association. They are the first to be issued in 10 years. The advice includes suggestions for people and doctors and are based on improved information about who has strokes and why. The guidelines also include new drugs that can help reduce risk. 预防中风的新准则来自美国中风协会。 它们是10年内第一个发行的人。 该建议包括对人和医生的建议，并基于有关谁中风以及原因的改进信息。 该指南还包括可以帮助降低风险的新药。 

Health researchers say the best way to reduce the risk of stroke is the same as reducing risks for many other conditions. These include eating a healthy diet, moving the body often and not smoking. 健康研究人员说，降低中风风险的最佳方法与降低许多其他情况的风险相同。 其中包括吃健康的饮食，经常移动身体而不吸烟。 

Here is what to know about stroke and the newly issued guidelines: 这是有关中风和新发布的准则的了解：

Experts say eating healthy can help control possible stroke risks. The goal is to prevent or reduce high cholesterol, high blood sugar and obesity, the condition of being extremely overweight. 专家说，健康饮食可以帮助控制可能的中风风险。 目的是预防或减少高胆固醇，高血糖和肥胖，这是极其超重的状况。 

The advice urges people to choose foods in the so-called Mediterranean diet. These include fruits, vegetables, whole grains and olive oil. Eating these foods can help keep cholesterol levels down. 该建议敦促人们在所谓的地中海饮食中选择食物。 这些包括水果，蔬菜，全谷物和橄榄油。 吃这些食物可以帮助保持胆固醇水平降低。

The discovery of Dark Energy in 1998 was in itself a shocking discovery. Up until then, the view had been that after the Big Bang, the expansion of the universe would eventually slow down under the force of gravity. But observations found that they were accelerating away from each other because of an unknown force.1998 年 “暗能量” 的发现本身就令人震惊。在此之前，科学界普遍认为，在宇宙大爆炸之后，宇宙的膨胀速度会在引力作用下逐渐减慢。然而观测结果却显示，宇宙中的天体还在加速远离彼此，像是受到了一种未知的力的影响。 

More shocking still would be confirmation that this Dark Energy force fluctuates, as suggested by these new results. That's because it can't be explained and would require a completely new theory of cosmology. 可能会更令人震惊的，是确认 “暗能量” 产生的力存在波动，而最新的实验结果显示出了这一结论的可能性。这一结论令人震惊的原因是这些波动尚不能被解释，可能需要一套全新的宇宙学理论来对此进行说明。 

The evidence has not reached the threshold of a discovery yet, but the evidence has been mounting, so much so that some of the most conservative and respected scientists involved in the programme are describing these results as a dramatic moment, which may lead to a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe. 目前的证据还没有达到科学发现的最低限度，但证据的数量正在不断增加，以至于该项目中的一些最为保守且备受尊敬的科学家都称这些观测结果的出现是一个激动人心的时刻，并且可能会使我们对宇宙的理解产生根本性转变。

From virtual assistants and proofreading essays to improvements in healthcare, it seems that artificial intelligence, or AI, is becoming an increasingly larger part of our daily lives and most industries, but would you trust AI to choose your wardrobe? 从虚拟助手和校对论文到改进医疗保健，似乎人工智能或AI正在成为我们日常生活和大多数行业越来越大的部分，但是您是否相信AI会选择您的衣柜？

There are now numerous apps that create virtual wardrobes, giving users insight into their current fashion style and giving tips to elevate it. One of these apps is Indyx, which describes itself as a 'one-stop digital wardrobe app unlocking the potential of what you already own'. Indyx encourages you to be environmentally conscious by combining the clothes you already have in your closet, which could mean breaking a cycle of fast fashion, helping you to shop smarter. There are similar apps out there too, like Whering, which can create entire outfits for you based on weather or occasion, and StyleDNA, which assesses the colours that suit you best. 现在有许多创建虚拟衣柜的应用程序，使用户可以洞悉其当前时尚风格，并提供提高其提升的技巧。 这些应用程序之一是Indyx，它将自己描述为“一站式数字衣柜应用程序，可以解锁您已经拥有的产品的潜力”。 Indyx通过将壁橱中已经拥有的衣服结合在一起，鼓励您保持环保意识，这可能意味着打破快速时尚的循环，帮助您更聪明地购物。 那里也有类似的应用程序，例如Whering，可以根据天气或场合为您创建整个服装，以及STYLEDNA，它可以评估最适合您的颜色。

It's not only consumers using AI, but shops too. Clothing retailer M&S started using AI in 2024 to give advice to shoppers on outfit choices based on answers they give in an online quiz. They are asked about their body shape and style preferences, and are then given relevant outfit ideas with the aim being to personalise online interactions. Stephen Langford, M&S's director of online, has said the quiz can help choose outfits from 40 million options. 不仅是使用AI的消费者，而且也是商店。 服装零售商M＆S于2024年开始使用AI，根据他们在在线测验中给出的答案，以选择服装选择。 询问他们的身体形状和风格偏好，然后给出相关的服装想法，目的是个性化在线互动。 M＆S在线总监Stephen Langford表示，该测验可以帮助从4000万种选择中选择服装。 

However, there are sceptics within the fashion industry. Michelle Barrett is a personal stylist with Capsule Closet Stylist. She warns that consumers must remember that AI doesn't really understand your needs or looks – it's simply creating statistically-plausible looks for you. She says that when it comes to choosing colours that suit you best, for example, "the apps get different results each time. The algorithm is placing you into predetermined boxes based on the questions you answer and forms you fill out". 但是，时装界在时装界有怀疑论者。 米歇尔·巴雷特（Michelle Barrett）是胶囊壁橱设计师的个人设计师。 她警告说，消费者必须记住，AI并不真正了解您的需求或外观 - 它只是为您创建统计上的外观。 她说，当涉及到最适合您的颜色时，例如，“应用程序每次都会获得不同的结果。算法将根据您回答的问题和填写的表单将您置于预定的框中”。 

So, considering this, will you use AI to help choose your outfits? 因此，考虑到这一点，您会使用AI帮助选择您的服装吗？

When your emotions cause you to fly off the handle, sob uncontrollably or seethe with envy, it can be hard to see the good in them. It's a common belief that there are 'good' and 'bad' emotions, and that for successful emotion regulation, we must live a life free of the bad ones. This is a misconception, according to Ethan Kross, world expert in the psychology of emotions. "In the right proportions" he says, "all emotions are useful." We can't control the thoughts and feelings that automatically pop up, but we can choose how to engage with them. 当您的情绪导致您从手柄上飞来飞去，无法控制地抽泣或嫉妒地看着，很难看到它们中的好处。 这是一个普遍的信念，即有“好”和“坏”情绪，为了成功地调节情绪，我们必须过上不良的生活。 据情感心理学世界专家伊森·克罗斯（Ethan Kross）称，这是一个误解。 他说：“以正确的比例，所有情绪都是有用的。” 我们无法控制自动弹出的思想和感觉，但是我们可以选择如何与它们互动。

Vicki Botnick, a therapist in Tanzana, California, agrees. She said we should aim for regulation, not repression. Instead of sweeping feelings under the rug, we should practise accepting them. Reframe them, not as 'good' or 'bad', but as messengers, giving you important information that you can use. This may sound easier said than done, so when intense feelings make you feel overwhelmed, try the old classic: deep breathing. Breathe in slowly, hold the breath for three seconds, then breathe out slowly. For some, it may help to repeat a mantra, such as "I am calm." 加利福尼亚州坦桑纳的治疗师Vicki Botnick同意。 她说，我们应该以监管而不是镇压为目标。 我们不应该练习接受它们。 重新构架它们，不是“好”或“坏”，而是将其重新构成，为您提供可以使用的重要信息。 这听起来听起来容易做起来难，因此，当强烈的感觉使您感到不知所措时，请尝试旧的经典：深呼吸。 慢慢呼吸，呼吸三秒钟，然后慢慢呼吸。 对于某些人来说，重复咒语可能有助于“我很镇定”。

So, chronically avoiding your problems and negative feelings is not recommended, but that doesn't mean distraction is all bad. "We can be flexible and do both", says Ethan Kross. He uses the example of heightened emotions after a heated argument. It can be beneficial to sort it out in the moment, but it can also help to immerse oneself in something totally unrelated and return to the problem later, perhaps with a new perspective and a diminished temper. 因此，不建议长期避免您的问题和负面情绪，但这并不意味着分心都是不好的。 伊桑·克罗斯（Ethan Kross）说：“我们可以灵活并做到这两个。” 在激烈的争论之后，他以增强情绪的例子。 在此刻进行整理可能是有益的，但是它也可以帮助将自己沉浸在完全无关的事物中，并以后再回到问题上，也许是新的视角和脾气下降的。 

Another way to distract yourself is to change your environment. Anyone that's been on holiday will know that being in new surroundings, free of associations of work and usual routines, can help us de-stress and recharge. If you're unable to get away, try exploring locally. A 2024 review of research called 'The role of nature in emotion regulation processes' found all 27 of the reviewed studies reported positive impacts of nature on emotion regulation. If green spaces are hard to reach in your neighbourhood, try curating your home environment. Add house plants, pictures of landscapes, photos of loved ones, or any objects that bring you joy. 另一种分散自己注意力的方法是改变您的环境。 任何经历过假期的人都会知道，在新的环境中，没有工作和通常的例行协会，都可以帮助我们减轻压力和充值。 如果您无法逃脱，请尝试在当地探索。 2024年对称为“自然在情感调节过程中的作用”的研究综述发现，所有的27项审查研究都报告了自然对情绪调节的积极影响。 如果您的附近很难到达绿色空间，请尝试策划您的家庭环境。 加入房屋植物，景观图片，亲人的照片或任何带给您欢乐的物体。 

Learning to accept, reframe and regulate your emotions puts you back in the driver's seat of your life. But if this feels hard, remember: no feeling lasts forever. 学习接受，重新构架和调节情绪会使您回到生活的座位。 但是，如果这很难，请记住：没有感觉永远持续下去。

A woman in Portland, Oregon started her daily exercise habit with one activity – walking her dog. Lindsay Kee then added movements to this daily activity. Before leaving on the walk, she did some standing stretches. On her return, she did other exercises such as jumping jacks. 俄勒冈州波特兰的一名妇女以一项活动开始了她的日常运动习惯 - walking狗。 然后，林赛·基（Lindsay Kee）为这项日常活动增加了动作。 在散步之前，她进行了一些站立的伸展。 回来后，她做了其他练习，例如跳跃千斤顶。 

Over time, Kee added more exercises around the dog walk. She said adding exercises to an existing activity took the pressure off of creating a whole new daily exercise. And now more than a year later, she consistently exercises around the dog walk. 随着时间的流逝，Kee在Dog Walk周围增加了更多的练习。 她说，在现有活动中添加练习会减轻创建全新的日常锻炼的压力。 现在，一年多后，她始终在狗步行周围锻炼。 

Kee said, “I’ve found it to be really effective in helping me be consistent with things that I really do want to do.” Kee说：“我发现它确实有效地帮助我与我真正想做的事情保持一致。” 

What Kee did is called habit stacking. Writer S.J. Scott created this term for his 2014 book of the same name. The idea behind habit stacking is to attach something you want to start doing to something you already do every day. Kee所做的称为习惯堆积。 作家S.J. 斯科特（Scott）为他的2014年同名书创建了这个术语。 习惯堆积背后的想法是将您想开始做的事情附加到每天已经做的事情上。

 A common example is flossing your teeth after brushing them. However, you can use habit stacking in many areas of your daily life. Kee, for example, places her vitamins next to the coffee machine. This helps her remember to take them every morning. 一个常见的例子是刷牙后牙线牙线。 但是，您可以在日常生活的许多领域使用习惯堆积。 例如，Kee将其维生素放在咖啡机旁边。 这有助于她记住每天早晨带他们。

 Exercise experts say habit stacking is especially helpful if you are trying to increase exercise time. 运动专家说，如果您想增加运动时间，习惯堆积特别有用。 

Dana Santas is a movement expert who has trained more than 50 professional sports teams. She combines exercise habits with personal health care. For example, Santas does push-ups before every shower. And she does leg exercises while brushing her teeth. She says that her electric toothbrush makes a sound every 30 seconds to remind her to brush different teeth. But she uses the reminder to change her exercises. “It’s perfect,” she added. 达娜·圣塔斯（Dana Santas）是一名运动专家，曾培训了50多支职业运动队。 她将运动习惯与个人医疗保健相结合。 例如，圣塔斯在每次淋浴之前都会俯卧撑。 她在刷牙时进行腿部运动。 她说，她的电动牙刷每30秒发出声音，以提醒她刷不同的牙齿。 但是她使用提醒来改变练习。 她补充说：“这很完美。” 

Two minutes of exercise may not get you in shape. But, experts say every little bit helps. Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest getting 150 minutes of moderate activity, like a fast walk, every week. Or you could also get 75 minutes of very energetic activity, like jogging, every week. The health experts also suggest two days a week of strength training. 两分钟的运动可能不会使您身体健康。 但是，专家说每一点都有帮助。 美国疾病控制与预防中心的专家建议每周获得150分钟的中等活动，例如快速步行。 或者，您也可以每周获得75分钟非常有活力的活动，例如慢跑。 健康专家还建议每周进行两天的力量训练。 

Most people find keeping new habits difficult. And while habit stacking is not a perfect solution, it does help with one barrier -- decision-making. 大多数人认为将新习惯很困难。 虽然习惯堆积不是一个完美的解决方案，但它确实有助于一个障碍 - 决策。 

Gretchen Rubin is the writer of Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives. She said habit stacking is one of the best ways to start and keep new habits. The technique helps to remove the barrier of deciding when or if to do something. 格蕾琴·鲁宾（Gretchen Rubin）是比以前更好的作家：掌握我们日常生活的习惯。 她说，养成养成是开始和保持新习惯的最佳方法之一。 该技术有助于消除决定何时或是否做某事的障碍。 

Rubin shared a story of her college days. To help her stay active, she would only shower if she had exercised that day. 鲁宾分享了她大学时代的故事。 为了帮助她保持活跃，她只有在那天锻炼时才会洗澡。 

She suggested combining the new, or what she calls “shaky,” behavior with something you have to do or deeply want to do. 她建议将新的或她所谓的“摇摇欲坠”的行为与您必须做的事情或要做的事情结合在一起。 

“So you have to do the shaky habit before you get to the strong habit,” Rubin said. If she wants to listen to a podcast, her strong habit, she must do it while exercising on a running machine. For her, this will strengthen her shaky habit. 鲁宾说：“因此，在养成强大的习惯之前，您必须养成摇摇欲坠的习惯。” 如果她想听播客，她的牢固习惯，就必须在跑步机上锻炼时这样做。 对她来说，这将加强她摇摇欲坠的习惯。

“My dog...was relatively new to us. He got spooked and got in front of me, and I went flying over the dog...I ended up breaking two ribs,” he said. 他说：“我的狗……对我们来说是相对较新的。他被吓到了，走在我面前，我飞过那只狗……我最终打破了两个肋骨。” 

There are other dangers in rural areas, said Steven Haywood, an emergency room doctor in Corinth, Mississippi. 密西西比州科林斯市的急诊室医生史蒂文·海伍德（Steven Haywood）说，农村地区还有其他危险。

 “Getting struck by vehicles,” he said. “That’s definitely the most life-threatening injury when people are walking their dogs.” 他说：“被车辆击中。” “当人们walking狗时，这绝对是危及生命中最大的伤害。” 

Areas like his have many roads without sidewalks or wide shoulders. That is especially dangerous when people wear dark clothes with no reflectors or lights and their animal also does not have such protection. 像他这样的地区有许多没有人行道或宽阔肩膀的道路。 当人们穿着没有反射镜或灯光的深色衣服，他们的动物也没有这样的保护，这尤其危险。 

In addition to lights and reflectors, there are other things that can minimize dog-walking risks. 除了灯光和反射镜外，还有其他事情可以最大程度地减少行走的风险。 

During snowy or icy weather, wear shoes with good treads. Consider wearing shoes with spikes or studs. 在下雪或冰冷的天气中，穿着良好的胎面鞋。 考虑穿上钉子或螺柱的鞋子。

 Maxson suggests using a non-retractable leash of 1.8 to 2.4 meters. “Longer leashes are more likely to get tangled around your legs and cause falls. Retractable leashes can sometimes make your dog more difficult to control.” 麦克森建议使用1.8至2.4米的不可返回的皮带。 “更长的皮带更有可能缠绕在腿上并导致跌落。可伸缩的皮带有时会使您的狗更难控制。” 

They can cause burns when held too close to the body, if they lengthen or retract too quickly. 如果它们延长或缩回过快，它们可能会导致燃烧距离太近。 

In San Francisco, dog trainer Shoshi Parks recommends a no-pull harness with a leash clipped to a dog’s chest rather than their back. It gives the walker more control and puts less strain on the dog. 在旧金山，狗训练师Shoshi Parks建议将无皮带皮带夹在狗的胸部而不是背部。 它使步行者更具控制力，并减少对狗的压力。 

Parks suggests holding a leash at your center of gravity, near your torso, hip or thigh. Put your hand through the loop of a leash and hold it a little lower down. 公园建议在您的重心，靠近躯干，臀部或大腿的重心。 将您的手放在皮带的环上，然后将其放下一点。 

She calls retractable leashes “no go,” meaning you should not use them. They can cause burns when held too close to the body if they lengthen or retract too quickly. 她称可伸缩的皮带为“不走”，这意味着您不应该使用它们。 如果延长或缩回过快，它们可能会导致烧伤时会导致燃烧。

For people with problems balancing or moving around, experts suggest seeking help walking a dog, especially in bad weather. Helpers could include a neighbor, an older child or a professional dog walker. 对于有问题或四处走动的人，专家建议寻求帮助walking狗，尤其是在恶劣的天气下。 助手可以包括邻居，大孩子或专业的狗步行者。 

Haywood and Maxson agreed that balance and strength-training exercises, especially for older adults, can help decrease the risk of falls and broken bones.海伍德（Haywood）和麦克斯森（Maxson）同意，平衡和力量训练练习，尤其是对于老年人，可以帮助降低跌倒和骨折的风险。

And they said working with a dog trainer helps not only the dog but the walker, who can learn to read their dog’s body language better. 他们说，与狗训练师一起工作不仅可以帮助狗，而且对沃克，他们可以学会更好地阅读狗的肢体语言。

“Even young, healthy, strong people may have difficulty controlling larger breeds that aren’t used to walking on a leash. Any exercise to give strength, give balance, is going to help,” Haywood said. “Make sure you can control the dog that you’re walking.” 海伍德说：“即使是年轻，健康，坚强的人也可能难以控制不习惯在皮带上行走的较大品种。任何赋予力量，平衡的运动都会有所帮助。” “确保您可以控制自己走路的狗。”

Over the past 20 years, injuries related to dog walking have been on the rise among adults and children in the U.S., Johns Hopkins University researchers say.约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究人员说，在过去的20年中，与dog狗有关的伤害在美国和美国的儿童中一直在增加。 

The most common kinds of injuries include broken bones, sprains and head trauma. 最常见的伤害包括骨折，扭伤和头部创伤。

From 2001 to 2020, the estimated number of adults treated for dog-walking injuries at emergency departments increased from 7,300 to 32,300 a year. That comes from lead researcher Ridge Maxson who spoke to the Associated Press. 从2001年到2020年，急诊科治疗的成年人估计数量从每年的7,300增加到32,300。 这是来自首席研究员里奇·麦克斯森（Ridge Maxson），他与美联社交谈。 

Of those patients, 75 percent were women. Forty-seven percent were adults between ages 40 and 64. 在这些患者中，有75％是女性。 40％的成年人在40至64岁之间。 

But that information is only for visits to emergency rooms. Maxson said many people might seek treatment at other healthcare centers for their injuries, including at primary care, specialty or urgent care clinics. 但是，该信息仅用于访问急诊室。 麦克森说，许多人可能会在其他医疗保健中心寻求治疗，包括在初级保健，专科或紧急护理诊所。 

He noted that dog ownership has become increasingly common in the United States with about half of households having at least one dog. 他指出，拥有狗的所有权在美国变得越来越普遍，大约一半的家庭至少有一只狗。

Safe dog walking involves careful attention and, in some cases, special equipment. That can be especially true in bad weather conditions. 安全的狗步行涉及仔细注意，在某些情况下是特殊设备。 在恶劣天气条件下，这尤其如此。 

However, multitasking — doing several tasks at once — can be dangerous. That includes using your mobile phone while doing something else. 但是，多任务处理 - 立即执行多个任务 - 可能是危险的。 这包括在做其他事情时使用手机。 

“You can’t really afford to relax when you walk a powerfully built dog...You have to pay attention,” said Noel Holston, a dog owner in Athens, Georgia. 佐治亚州雅典的狗主人诺埃尔·霍尔斯顿（Noel Holston）说：“当您走一只强大的狗时，您真的无法放松一下……您必须注意。” 

In the early 2000s, Holston was walking his 30-kilogram dog in a park near his home when a large bird made a noise. His dog did what dogs often do and ran after the bird. That pulled Holston off the sidewalk. 在2000年代初期，霍尔斯顿（Holston）在一只大鸟发出声音时，在他家附近的公园里走了30公里的狗。 他的狗做了狗经常做的事情，然后跑了鸟。 那把霍尔斯顿从人行道上拉了下来。 

“I stepped into a hole and heard my left ankle snap. The pain was so intense. I almost passed out,” said Holston who is now 76 years old. “我走进一个洞，听到我的左脚踝快照。疼痛是如此激烈。我差点昏倒了，”现年76岁的霍尔斯顿说。 

Running with a leashed dog is another risk no matter how well trained you think your dog is. The activity is especially dangerous with a dog that is easily surprised or very young. That is what happened to Robert Godosky in New York City. 无论您认为狗的训练程度如何，用牵引狗奔跑都是另一种风险。 这项活动特别危险，很容易感到惊讶或很年轻。 这就是纽约市的罗伯特·戈斯基（Robert Godosky）发生的事情。

The ice megalith had been drifting since December, when it entered warmer waters known as Iceberg Alley. 这个巨大的冰块从去年十二月起就在海上漂流，当时它进入了一片被称为 “冰山走廊” 的温暖水域。 

It has now hit the continental shelf off South Georgia, where it appears to be firmly grounded. It will slowly decay, shedding chunks of ice and vast amounts of water. 这座冰山目前已经撞在了南乔治亚岛附近的大陆架上，并且看上去已经彻底搁浅了。它将会缓慢地融化分解，并掉落出大块的冰以及大量的水。 

There were fears that seal and penguin colonies could have been wiped out when it ran aground, but that disaster seems to have been averted. It could still affect some macaroni penguins feeding in the area, and fishermen are worried they will have to battle with the smaller icebergs that break off. 人们曾担忧这座冰山在搁浅时会导致海豹和企鹅群落被完全摧毁，但这一灾难似乎已经得以被避免。这座冰山仍可能会影响一些在该区域觅食的长眉企鹅，并且渔民也在担心他们将需要和脱落下来的小型冰山作斗争。