[3.Moderato]
“I’m thinking of telling the truth.”
[00:08]
Hi everyone, good morning, good day, good evening. Today, we will learn the volitional form. Let’s start from the basics.
Repeat after me
[00:21]
1. go:  masu form → intentional form
2. sit
3. drink
4. call, invite
5. go back, go home
6. meet
7. eat
8. see, watch, look
9. do
10. come
[01:32]
Now, make a sentence as follows.
For example,
Let’s buy a personal computer in Akihabara. [Masu style]
→ Let’s buy a personal computer in Akihabara. [Plain style]
Ready?
[01:45]
1. Let’s go tomorrow. [Masu style]→ [Plain style]
2. Let’s sit here.
3. Let’s drink this sake.
4. Let’s call an ambulance.
5. Let’s go home soon.
6. Let’s meet again.
7. Let’s eat supper at home.
8. Let’s watch a Japanese film.
9. Let’s clean the toilet.
10. Let’s come to this restaurant to eat again.
〜〜〜〜
「しんじつを はなそうと おもっています。」
[00:08]
みなさん、おはようございます、こんにちは、こんばんは。きょうはVolitional Formをべんきょうします。さっそく、きほんから はじめましょう。
Repeat after me
[00:21]
1. いきます → いこう
2. すわります → すわろう
3. のみます → のもう
4. よびます → よぼう
5. かえります → かえろう
6. あいます → あおう
7. たべます → たべよう
8. みます→ みよう
9. します→ しよう
10. きます→ こよう

[01:32]
では、つぎのようにぶんつくってください。
たとえば、
あきはばらで パソコンを かいましょう。[Masu style]
→ あきはばらで、パソコンをかおう。[Plain style]
いいですか。
[01:45]
1. あした、いきましょう。[Masu style]
→ あした、いこう。[Plain style]
2. ここに すわりましょう。
→ ここに すわろう。
3. このおさけを のみましょう。
→このおさけを のもう。
4. きゅうきゅうしゃを よびましょう。
→ きゅうきゅうしゃを よぼう。
5. そろそろ、かえりましょう。
→ そろそろ かえろう。
6. また、あいましょう。
→ また、あおう。
7. うちで ゆうはんを たべましょう。
→ うちで ゆうはんを たべよう。
8. にほんのえいがをみましょう。
→ にほんのえいがをみよう。
9. トイレをそうじしましょう。
→ トイレをそうじをしよう。
10. また、このレストランに たべにきましょう。
→ また このレストランに たべに こよう。
★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[2.Andante] Tell the reason
“It’s a secret, so don’t tell anyone!”
[00:08]
Hello, everyone. First, let’s practice how to refuse softly using “〜wa chotto”.
[00:18]
For example,
car, can you lend me your car
→ (Lending you my) car is a bit inconvenient.
     = I don’t want to lend my car.
Ready?
[00:25]
1. Let‘s go home by taxi.
→ (Going home by) Taxi is a bit inconvenient. = I don’t want take taxi.
2. Let’s go by bus.
→ (Going by) Bus is a bit inconvenient.
3. Let’s go to eat Yakiniku.
→ Yakiniku? Oooo I don’t know.
(Yakiniku = Japanese BBQ)
4. Would like to go see a horror movie?
→ Horror movie? Oooo I wouldn’t.
5. Let’s drink beer.
→ Beer? Oooo I’d better not.
Repeat after me
[01:40]
1. Taxi is a bit inconvenient.  I will walk as it’s right there. 
2. As I have many luggage, bus is a bit inconvenient. 
3. I ate stake yesterday, so I wouldn’t eat Yakiniku.
4. I’d rather not to see horror movie, as I cannot sleep at night.
5. I will drive a car after this, so I’d better not to drink beer.
[03:07]
Now, please repeat the three sentences as follows. 
[03:12]
For example,
♪: Don’t add sugar. 
♪♪: I’m on a diet.
♪♪♪: As I’m on a diet, don’t add sugar.
OK?
[03:30]
1. I don’t drink coffee at night.
I can’t sleep (literally: I will become not be able to sleep)
As I can’t sleep at night, I don’t drink coffe at night.
2. Can I do it later?
I’m busy now.
As I’m busy now, can I do it later?
3. I’ll mail.
I’m uncomfortable with telephone.
As I’m uncomfortable with telephone, I will mail. 
4. Ask Simon san.
I’m not familiar with it.
As I’m not familiar with it, ask Simon san.
5. I don’t want to eat sweets.
I’m on a diet.
As I’m on a diet, I don’t want to eat sweets.

*********
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[✐1. Adagio] Ask back briefly with interrogative words
[00:07]
Hello everyone. Let’s keep up the good work today!  We practice how to ask back briefly. 
[00:13]   
Repeat after me
1. When?
2. What time?
3. Where?
4. With who?
5. What day of the week?
6. What month?
7. What date / what day of the month?
8. Why?
[01:03]
You didn’t really get what your friend just said. Ask again briefly with ♫ the interrogative words.
For example,
♫ when
I will go to Japan next year.
→ [you say] Pardon/Sorry, when?
Ready?
[01:22]
1. ♫when
I’ll go to a university in Japan.
→ Pardon, when? 
2. ♫what time
My friend comes at 7 O’clock.
→Sorry, what time?
3. ♫where
There is a book store in front of the station.
→ Pardon, where?
4. ♫with who
I went to the concert with Caroline san.
→ Sorry, with who?
5. ♫what day
I have a Japanese class every Tuesday.
→ Pardon, what day?
6. ♫what month
Japanese schools start at April.   
→ Sorry, what month? 
7. ♫who
George san will come tomorrow.
→ Pardon, who?   
8. ♫what
I ate Sukiyaki yesterday.
→ Sorry, what? 
9. ♫who and who
Honda san and Suzuki san got married.
→ Pardon, who and who?   
10. ♫what colour
My car is yellow.
→ Sorry, what colour? 
11. ♫2 o’clock tomorrow
The parcel will come at 2 o’clock tomorrow.
→ Pardon, what time tomorrow?
(nimotsu = parcel, package, baggage)
12. ♫who’s mother
That person is a mother of Sam san.
→ Sorry, who’s mother? 
13. ♫map of where
This is a map of Kuala Lumpur.
→ Pardon, map of where? 
(chizu = map)
14. ♫whose sneaker/trainers
This is my young brother’s sneakers.
→ Sorry, whose sneakers?
15. ♫what(how many) kilogram
That person weighs 200 kg.
→ Pardon, how many kilo(gram)?
(taijuu = body weight)
[04:25]
Next, after listening to a sentence, please answer the question. 
[04:29]
For example,
I’m going on a trip to Sydney next year.
Where?
→ [you answer] (It’s) Sydney.

★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[5.Allegro] [ Vて]も、[N/なA]でも、[いA]くても
〜〜〜〜〜
[14:25]
Dialogue (Plain (1) style)
A: Hello, have you got a time now? Busy?
B: No problem. I was listening to the music. No matter how many times you listen to Schumann’s symphony, it’s good (good music).
A: Come to think of it, it’s your concert soon, is it?
B: Yep, the beginning of next month.
A: You play the violin, don’t you?
B: No no, the viola. It’s a one-size larger instrument than the violin. No matter how much I practice, it’s difficult and there are some that I can’t play. But the orchestra is fun. No matter how bad the orchestra is, the conductor will guide us carefully.
A: I’ll definitely go to your concert next month, even if I’m busy.
B: Thanks! I will send you the tickets in due course. Ciao.
A: See you!
(hitomawari ookii = one size larger)
(shikisha = conductor)
(shidou suru = give guidance, lead, coach)

[15:16] Repeat after me (in Masu(2) style)
1. → No matter how many times you listen to Schumann’s symphony, it’s good (good music).
2. → No matter how much I practice, it’s difficult and there are some that I can’t play.
3. → No matter how bad the orchestra is, (the conductor) will guide us carefully.
4. → I’ll definitely go, even if I’m busy.
[16:21]
[Shadowing] First, listen to a sentence at normal speed. Then, I speak a bit slowly, so you start speaking as soon as you hear it (or with a bit of delay if you’re confident), like a shadow.
[16:32]
Do you know the instrument called viola? It’s a musical instrument that is one-size larger than the violin.
I’m playing the viola in the orchestra. It’s difficult and no matter how much I practice, there are some parts(passages) that I cannot play, but it’s quite fun to play with others in an orchestra.
Even if the orchestra is not very good, our conductor (kindly) leads us carefully.
As we have a concert next month, I’m going to send tickets to my friends or to my family.
I’m grateful that they will come to listen to us even if they are busy.
(arigatai = thankful, grateful)
★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[2.Andante] 〜かた manner of 〜、how to 〜
“Each person has their own way of studying.”
[00:09]
Hello, everyone. Today, we are going to practice “〜kata”. There are many words that can be constructed in this form. It’s convenient.
Now, make 〜かた as follows.
[00:28]
For example,
1. write - manner of writing, how to write
Ready?
 [00:35]
2. read - reading, how to read
3. go - direction, how to go
4. make - how to make
5. buy - how to buy
6. drink - drinking, how to drink
7. eat - how to eat
8. look/watch/see/view - how to look/watch/see, way of viewing, viewpoint
9. do - approach, the how, manner, way
10. do - how to do
[01:28]
Make a sentence as follows.
For example,
write, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to write.
Ready?
[01:40]
1. this Kanji, read, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to read this kanji.
2. tempura, cook, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to cook tempura.
3. ticket, buy, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to buy a ticket.
4. car navigation system, use, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to use the car navigation system.
(ka-nabi = car navigation system)
5. report, write, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to write a report.
6. natto, eat, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to eat natto.
7. garbage, throw away/dispose, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to put out oversized garbage.
(sodai gomi = large-sized garbage)
8. books, borrow, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to borrow books.
9. work, style/method, don’t know
→ I don’t know how to work.
10. open-air hot spring bath, take (a bath), don’t know
→ I don’t know how to take an open-air hot spring.
 (rotenburo = open-air/outdoor hot spring bath)
★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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100本(ひゃっぽん)ノック! - Repeat After Me 100
Note: ノック(nokku) is a Japanese-English (kind of “fungo”), and one of the Baseball  defensive exercises that repeatedly catches and throws back the ball. (Normally it’s 1000 nokku, not 100).

[00:07]
みなさん、こんにちは。お元気(げんき)ですか。今日(きょう)は１から100まで、ひたすらリピートします。いいですか。では、はじめましょう。
Hello, everyone. Are you doing all right? Today, we simply repeat from 1 to 100. Let’s get started.

Repeat after me
[00:19]
1.     遊(あそ)ぶ[Vじしょ]遊(あそ)びます[Vます]
→ 今度、遊(あそ)びに行かない？
Do you wanna hang out sometime? 

2.     浴(あ)びる 浴(あ)びます
→ シャワーを浴(あ)びながら、歌(うた)を歌(うた)います。 
I sing a song while taking a shower.

3.     謝(あやま)る 謝(あやま)ります
→ 私(わたし)が謝(あやま)っても、妻(つま)は許(ゆる)してくれませんでした。
Even though I apologised, my wife didn’t fogive me.

4.     歩(ある)く 歩(ある)きます
→ 駅(えき)まで歩(ある)いて10分(ぷん)くらいです。
It’s about 10 inutes walk to the station.

5.     急(いそ)ぐ 急(いそ)ぎます
→ 乗(の)り遅(おく)れないように、急(いそ)いでください。
Please hurry so as not to miss the train.

6.     要(い)る 要(い)ります
→ コインロッカーには小銭(こぜに)が要(い)ります。
Coin lockers require small change.  

7.     歌(うた)う 歌(うた)います
→ カラオケで歌(うた)いすぎてのどが痛(いた)いです。
I sing too much at karaoke and my throat hurts.

8.     売(う)る 売(う)ります
→ ネットで使(つか)わなくなったカメラを売(う)りました。
I sold a camera that I no longer use online.   

9.     運転(うんてん)する 運転(うんてん)します
→ 私(わたし)はオートマしか運転(うんてん)することができません。
→ I can only drive an automatic transmission (car).  

10.  置(お)く 置(お)きます
→ スーツケースはここじゃなくて、あそこに置(お)いてください。
Please put your suitcase over there, not here.

★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[✐3.Moderat, 4. Allegretto]
[00:08]
Hello, everyone.  Please listen to the following dialogue.
[00:13]
“Excuse me, my room is dark…”
“Press this button to make adjustment.  I will make it bright. (pipipi) How is it? “
“I see, the room became bright. Thanks.”
[00:26]
Today’s topic is “describing a change in state”.  First, change the word with “〜shimasu”, as follows.
[00:36]
For example,
short
→ shorten, abbreviate, clip
Ready?
[00:43]
1. long
→ lengthen, prolong
2. big
→ make bigger, expand, enlarge
3. small
→ make smaller, shrink, diminish
4. thick
→ thicken
5. quiet
→ keep it down, make quieter
6. fine, fit, vial
→ make energetic, set up
7. clean, good-looking
→ make clean, smarten up, make beautiful
8. good   
→ improve, make better
9. double
→ duplicate
10. half
→ reduce to half, downsize by half
[01:52]
Now, make a sentence using ”〜te kudasai” as follows.
[01:58]
For example,
straps on the bag, short
→ Please shorten the straps on the bag.
OK?
[02:08]
1. LAN calbe, long
→ Please lengthen the LAN cable.
2. size of copy, big
→ Increase the size of the copy.
3. garbage, few
→ Please reduce the amount of garbage.
4. amount of water, 3 times
→ Please triple the amount of water.
5. meeting room, clean
→ Please clean the meeting room.
6. price, cheap
→ Please reduce the price.
7. colour, dark
→ Please darken the colour.
8. amount of cooked rice, half
→ Please reduce the volume of rice in half.
★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

Support the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/JapaneseSwotter)

[3.Moderato]
[00:08]
Hello, everyone.
We will practice “contrast” today.  For example, “About weather?  Huh… it’s sunny today, but it’s going to rain tomorrow.” 
Repeat after me
〜 Weather 〜
[00:23]
1. It’s sunny today, but I think it’s going to rain tomorrow.
2. It was sunny today, but it had been raining last week.
3. It was cold yesterday, but it’s warm today, isn’t it? 
4. It rains in the morning, but I think it’s going to be clear/sunny in the afternoon.
〜 Food and Drink 〜
[01:36]
5. I drink coffee a lot, but often but
6. I add milk to coffee (= I drink coffee with milk), but not sugar.
7. I like fish, but I’m not good at sashimi (= don’t really like sashimi). 
8. I like sushi, but wasabi is no (= I can’t eat wasabi).
9. My boyfriend is a vegetarian, but I like meet very much.
10. I often go out to eat ramen, but I rarely go out to eat udon.
[03:23] 
You’re calling a restaurant to make a reservation.
〜The restaurant replied…〜
[03:28]
1. We are open on Saturdays, but closed on Sundays.
 (yatteimasu = here means; be open, run a business)
2. Unfortunately, today is full of reservations (= fully booked) today, but tomorrow is okay.
 (ainiku = unfortunately)
3. It’s fuly occupied at 6 pm, but you can make a reservation at 8 pm.
 (manseki =  all seats/tables are occupied)
4. We have sukiyaki, but not shabu shabu.
5. We have/serve alcohol, but no cocktails.
 (rui = type, kakukteru rui = (various) cocktails)
[04:48]
Alcohol? Yep, we have, sorry but we don’t have cocktails. 
★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[✐1. Adagio]
Hello everyone. Today we will practice expressions such as greetings that we often use. If you think it’s too easy, try dialogue, role play and shadowing after 08:28.
*****
[08:28]
Dialogue Taniya san is waiting for her turn at the supermarket cashier. There is nothing but one stuff in the basket of the person behind.
[08:43]
Tanya: Do you have only one to buy?
Person behind: Yes, this one only.
T:     Then, after you.
Pb: Are you sure? Thanks.
T:     I have lots of stuffs (to buy).
Pb: Thanks. I forgot to buy this one yesterday.
T:    What is that?
Pb: It’s Wasabi. You grate it and eat it. As it’s fresh, it’s delicious.
T:    Sounds good. I want it too. Where is it? (Where can I find it?)
Pb: It’s in the vegetable section.
T:    I see. I’ll go now (to the vegetable section). See you.
Pb: See you.

 • kaiwasureru = forgot to buy
• orosu = grate
• yasai uriba = vegetable section
• ittekimasu = I go (and do something there) and come back

[09:20]
Role Play: Now, it’s your turn!

★★★★★
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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

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[✐2. Andante] 〜とき、します/しました
“My voice trembles when I malinger.”
[00:08]
Hello, everyone.  What do you do when you are sleepy during a meeting or class? I would chew gum or drink coffee, etc. 
Repeat after me.
[00:24]
1. When I’m sleepy, I drink a coffee.
2. When it’s cold, I wear a sweater.
3. When it’s hot, I turn on the air conditioner.
4. When I’m busy, I order pizza delivery.
5. In my free time, I hang around at home.
6. When I’ve caught a cold, I always cough.
7. The other day, I had a fever when I had a cold.
8. When I was small, I used to play outside.
9. When I was a kid, I didn’t like studying.
10. I got married when I was 36. 
[02:40]
Now, listen to [KW], then repeat the sentence.
[02:46]
1. [KW] sore throat, candy
→ When you have a sore throat, this candy is good.
2. [KW] busy, eating outside
→ When I’m busy, I eat outside.
3. [KW] have free time, hiking
→ When you have a free time, don’t we go for hiking?
4. [KW] feel sick. this medcine, works
→ When you feel sick, this medicine works.
(kusuri ga kiku = medecine works)
5. [KW] lonely, whenever, call
→ Call me whenever you feel lonely. 
6. [KW] the Anime, as a kid, watched
→ I watched the anime often, when I was a kid.
★★★★★
Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. You’ll get access to the members-only podcast feed that you can subscribe to in your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese. I hope it also helps you to capture the pattern of the sentence structure.

Support the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/JapaneseSwotter)