This episode is a tough one. I start by talking about the killing of Alex Preti and Renee Good in Minneapolis and why it’s been sitting so heavily with me as a physician, a parent, and a human being trying to make sense of what’s happening in this country.

Then I focus on something concrete I can do: explain what pepper spray and tear gas actually do to your eyes and how to protect yourself if you’re exposed. From corneal abrasions to scarring and vision loss, I walk through what ophthalmologists see after chemical exposure and what actually helps in the moment.

It’s a heavy episode, but it’s also a practical one, focused on safety, science, and how we take care of each other when things feel out of control.

Takeaways:

What pepper spray actually does to the cornea and why most people recover, but some don’t.

Why oil-based chemicals change how you should wash your eyes after exposure.

The safest way to irrigate your eyes in the real world when saline and medical tools aren’t available.

Why putting milk, yogurt, or random substances in your eyes can make things worse, not better.

The emerging, conflicting data on GLP-1 medications, higher risk for ischemic optic neuropathy, but a lower risk of dry macular degeneration and why medicine lives in the gray.

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