Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder of breathing during sleep. It can lead to both sleep fragmentation and hypoxia, it has a negative impact on cardiovascular functioning, and it is associated with various neurobiological, cognitive, and emotional sequelae. OSA is underdiagnosed in the general population, and even following successful diagnosis the most popular treatment (positive airway pressure [PAP] devices) is not always well tolerated, leading to low treatment adherence. Given that OSA impacts the brain and behavior, that it is underdiagnosed, and that successful intervention requires a significant behavior change (e.g., PAP adherence), neuropsychologists have a significant role to play in this public health issue. In the current episode, John and Ryan speak with Dr. Mark Aloia about various aspects of OSA, including an in-depth discussion of cognitive/emotional effects of the condition, as well as motivational interviewing techniques to improve PAP adherence.

Note: Dr. Aloia is involved in industry research with Philips, Inc. INS and NavNeuro do not have a financial relationship with Philips and do not endorse their products/services.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/68

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

When multiple sclerosis (MS) is diagnosed prior to age 18, it is considered rare and referred to as pediatric MS. Although they share a name, pediatric MS differs somewhat from MS in pattern and severity of its symptoms, as well as its cognitive sequelae. To further clarify the neurological, cognitive, and behavioral profile of pediatric MS, John and Ryan spoke with Lana Harder, Ph.D., ABPP-CN, who is a founding member and current Co-Director of the Children's Medical Center Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Clinic.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/67

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

The Alzheimer's Association reports that 50% of older adults above age 80 have Alzheimer's disease. Within the 50% of older adults who do not meet criteria for Alzheimer's disease, most experience typical age-related changes in memory. However, there is a small group of older adults who Dr. Emily Rogalski, a clinical and cognitive neuroscientist at Northwestern University, calls "SuperAgers." Dr. Rogalski studies "SuperAging," which describes older adults who are seemingly resistant to the deleterious changes in memory associated with typical or atypical aging. Today, John and Ryan talk with Dr. Rogalski about the creation and development of the concept of SuperAging, as well as what she thinks confers resilience to age-related cognitive change.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/66

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

As the COVID-19 pandemic endures, many neuropsychologists continue to conduct neuropsychological assessments via telehealth platforms. Increased knowledge about telehealth practices garnered from clinical experience and an influx of publications about teleneuropsychology has allowed for further improved telehealth assessment practices. We previously spoke with Dr. Munro Cullum about teleneuropsychology in adult populations and the new challenges neuropsychologists faced at the outset of the pandemic. In order to address the unique challenges faced by pediatric neuropsychologists conducting neuropsychology assessments remotely, we spoke with Lana Harder, Ph.D., ABPP-CN, about her experience and recommendations for pediatric neuropsychologists.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/65

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

Approximately one in every 2,800 babies are born with spina bifida each year. Spina bifida is related to multiple physical and neurological symptoms including hydrocephalus, which differs from its presentation in older adults. Today, John and Ryan talk with Christine Koterba, Ph.D., ABPP-CN, about spina bifida, hydrocephalus, and how neuropsychologists can contribute to the care of children with these disorders.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/64

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

Emerging research suggests that a sizeable portion of individuals hospitalized due to COVID-19 develop cognitive and psychological sequelae. In our conversation with Dr. Chaya Fridman, a board-certified neuropsychologist at Cornell, we discuss the ways that SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) may lead to neurocognitive impairment, including both direct effects of the virus and secondary factors (e.g., respiratory distress and treatments used in the Intensive Care Unit). We review how the virus gains access to the central nervous system and the potential underlying mechanisms by which it causes an increased risk of stroke and other neurological issues. We also examine the long-term effects of prior coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) to attempt to forecast the long-term effects of COVID-19, with a focus on how neuropsychological practice (both inpatient and outpatient) might be affected.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/63

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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Thanks for listening, and join us next time as we continue to navigate the brain and behavior!

[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

About 50% of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit cognitive deficits in additional to physical symptoms. Depression and fatigue are also common in MS and can be debilitating. Therefore, it is not uncommon for an individual with MS to be referred for neuropsychological evaluation, making it important for neuropsychologists to familiarize themselves with the neurobiological underpinnings and signs and symptoms of MS. Today, John and Ryan talk with Dr. Peter Arnett about the cognitive and emotional symptoms of MS, and how neuropsychology can contribute to the care of patients with MS.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/62

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

Models for diagnosis and treatment of learning disorders have changed over time. Still, there are many old beliefs and myths that may lead parents and schools in the wrong direction when working with children with learning disorders. Today, John and Ryan talk with Robin Peterson, Ph.D., ABPP-CN, about learning disorders, issues around diagnosing disorders of written expression, the concept of academic g and its relationship to Spearman's g, risk factors for learning disorders, common comorbidities of learning disorders, the resource allocation hypothesis, and achievement gaps across groups.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/61

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

The book Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology was born of a need that Dr. Bryan Kolb recognized while completing his postdoctoral fellowship at the Montreal Neurological Institute with Dr. Brenda Milner. Dr. Kolb had asked his colleagues for a textbook on the human brain and, finding none, decided to create a course about "neuropsychology." Now, Drs. Kolb and Whishaw's textbook is about to be released in its 8th edition. John and Ryan talk with Dr. Kolb about his book, the contribution of animal research to human neuropsychology, the importance of the history of our field, advice on working with a co-author, and much more.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/60

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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Thanks for listening, and join us next time as we continue to navigate the brain and behavior!

[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]

In our last Neuropsych Bite with Joel Kamper, Ph.D., ABPP-CN, we discuss limbic encephalitis, a condition involving inflammation of the limbic system that typically results in memory deficits, psychosis, seizures, and other symptoms.

Show notes are available at www.NavNeuro.com/59

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If you'd like to support the show, here are a few easy ways:

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[Note: This podcast and all linked content is intended for general educational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of psychology or any other professional healthcare advice and services. No professional relationship is formed between hosts and listeners. All content is to be used at listeners' own risk. Users should always seek appropriate medical and psychological care from their licensed healthcare provider.]