In this episode, Matthew W. Johnson, PhD returns to discuss how psychedelics can be leveraged to catalyze human agency. Dr. Johnson has been at the forefront of psychedelic research for 21 years, having conducted seminal research on the effects of psilocybin on mystical experience, personality, and treatment of cancer distress, major depressive disorder, and tobacco addiction. His work with tobacco addiction received the first federal funding for a classic psychedelic in the modern era of research.

In this conversation, Dr. Johnson explores psychedelics as powerful enhancers of human agency—the felt capacity to steer one's own life, make meaningful choices, and act from a place of inner autonomy. Drawing from two decades of research across depression, cancer distress, addiction, and healthy volunteer studies, he argues that increases in agency may be a core, yet under-recognized, mechanism behind therapeutic change. Dr. Johnson discusses agency as a "meta-executive" function intertwined with free will, mental flexibility, and meaning-making, and suggests that psychedelics may uniquely illuminate and strengthen this capacity. In closing, he shares thoughts on how individuals can better take advantage of psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity to increase agency in their own lives.

In this episode, you'll hear:

• What Dr. Johnson means by "agency" and why he sees it as central to psychedelic healing
• Clinical examples of participants who rediscovered autonomy, changed behaviors, or reframed their suffering after psilocybin sessions
• Why psychedelics may enhance big-picture psychological flexibility, not just moment-to-moment cognitive flexibility
• How increased agency may help people with depression, addiction, and cancer distress shift entrenched patterns of thinking and behavior
• Potential future research directions for studying the neuroscience of agency

Quotes:

"It's not just that enhancing agency is the elephant in the room of why psychedelics are working, it's also that I think psychedelics can be a tool for finally understanding this thing of human agency." [4:31]

"Even if you think the sense of free will is an illusion, it has to be an evolutionarily advantageous illusion. Why else would it be seemingly universal?" [12:30]

"When someone really has one of these 'ah-ha' experiences, they can really come to this perspective of 'no, no, no, no, no, I really am choosing how I'm thinking about myself.' In cancer [patients] it happened a lot." [21:51]

Links:

Previous episode: The Latest Research on Psilocybin for Depression with Matthew Johnson, PhD

Previous episode: Exploring DMT Entities with Matthew Johnson, PhD

Previous episode: Avoiding the Pitfalls of Psychedelic Medicine with Matthew Johnson, PhD

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