Red Dirt Agronomy Podcast

The importance of soil health and nutrient management in agriculture

The impact of recent rainfall on winter crops and pastures

The adaptability of wheat and its role in Oklahoma's agriculture

Practical advice on soil testing and nutrient application

Insights into the debate surrounding cover crops

The podcast emphasizes the critical role of soil organic matter and microbial activity in maintaining soil health. These factors are particularly important after periods of drought, as they influence nutrient availability and overall soil quality. Producers must prioritize soil health to ensure sustainable crop production.

Oklahoma has experienced significant rainfall, with some areas receiving up to 10 inches. This precipitation has revitalized winter crops and pastures, leading to improved conditions for wheat and other crops. The rainfall has also resulted in elevated nitrate levels in the soil, which necessitates careful nutrient management strategies to optimize crop growth.

The flexibility of wheat as a crop is a key highlight of the episode. Wheat demonstrates resilience in Oklahoma's variable climate, making it a staple for producers. Understanding the adaptability of crops like wheat can help farmers make informed decisions about crop management and planting strategies.

Producers are encouraged to conduct soil tests to monitor nutrient levels, particularly after significant rainfall. Soil testing allows farmers to adjust their nutrient management practices accordingly. For instance, if grazing, it is advisable to consider nitrogen application during slow growth periods to support crop health.

The podcast also touches on the ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness of cover crops in different soil types and climates. Opinions vary on their benefits in Oklahoma compared to northern states. Understanding these differing perspectives can help producers make better decisions about incorporating cover crops into their management practices.

Soil health is essential for sustainable agriculture, particularly after drought.

Recent rainfall has improved conditions for winter crops, necessitating careful nutrient management.

Wheat's adaptability is crucial for resilience in Oklahoma's agriculture.

Soil testing is vital for informed nutrient application decisions.

The debate on cover crops highlights the need for tailored management strategies based on local conditions.



(00:00:03) - Introduction to the episode and guest Dr. Danny Adamson

(00:00:16) - Update on rainfall across Oklahoma and its impact on winter crops

(00:01:04) - Introduction of the team including Dr. Brian Arnall and Dr. Josh Lofton

(00:01:43) - Discussion on summer crop harvest and winter crop progress

(00:02:10) - Brian shares insights on the recent rain and its effects on wheat

(00:03:05) - Observations on soil tests and microbial activity post-rain

(00:05:01) - Recommendations for nitrogen application for grazing and grain-only scenarios

(00:06:40) - Discussion on the timing of nitrogen applications and its impact on wheat growth

(00:08:01) - Comparison of canola and wheat regarding winter applications and tiller management

(00:09:37) - Discussion on canola tillers and their impact on yield.

(00:10:09) - Brian mentions the challenges canola faces.

(00:10:12) - Josh emphasizes the importance of leaf regrowth in canola compared to wheat.

(00:10:49) - The difference in bolting times between canola and wheat is highlighted.

(00:11:21) - Dave raises a question about insect benefits for plant growth.

(00:11:43) - Brian discusses the expected absence of army worms due to cold weather.

(00:12:06) - Josh shares insights on the flexibility of wheat planting in Oklahoma.

(00:12:31) - The adaptability of crops to local conditions is discussed.

(00:13:02) - Brian expresses pride in Josh's presentation on the importance of wheat.

(00:13:35) - Josh talks about the stability of wheat compared to other crops.

(00:14:03) - The challenges faced by the canola market in Oklahoma are mentioned.

(00:14:42) - Dave asks about replant strategies for wheat affected by soil crust.

(00:15:56) - Brian advises checking the wheat's emergence through crusts.

(00:16:15) - Josh highlights the growing interest in spring-planted oats.

(00:17:13) - Introduction of Danny, the new soil and water conservation specialist.

(00:18:11) - Danny shares a childhood memory of heavy snow on the ranch.

(00:19:04) - Dave recounts a recent trip to Wyoming and the challenges of snow closures.

(00:19:08) - Introduction of Josh Lofton, Ph.D. and light banter about chains for vehicles.

(00:19:35) - Discussion on Brian Arnall, Ph.D.'s certification as a Certified Crop Advisor (CCA) and its significance.

(00:20:12) - Danny Adamson, Ph.D. shares his background growing up on a ranch and his journey into agronomy.

(00:21:04) - Danny reflects on his early career experiences in northern Colorado and the realities of agricultural retail.

(00:22:16) - Emphasis on the value of obtaining a CCA for building confidence and credibility in the field.

(00:23:23) - Danny discusses his transition from a sales role to academia and the importance of research in agriculture.

(00:24:40) - Danny highlights his unique perspective on soil health gained from his research experiences.

(00:25:39) - The group discusses Danny's podcast voice and the dynamics of their conversation style.

(00:26:19) - Danny talks about his new position and the excitement of exploring Oklahoma's diverse agricultural landscape.

(00:27:17) - Josh mentions the need for a new direction in the role, referencing the previous position holder's influence.

(00:28:26) - Danny expresses enthusiasm for the flexibility of his new role and the importance of producer-driven ideas.

(00:29:14) - Discussion on soil health as a growing focus in agriculture and the challenges of quantifying it.

(00:29:41) - Brian Arnall asks Danny about his early observations and thoughts on direction after a couple of months on the ground.

(00:29:57) - Danny discusses the importance of soil organic matter as a foundational indicator of soil health and shares his experiences with the local environment.

(00:30:31) - Danny emphasizes the significance of soil functionality over just building organic matter, noting that management tactics should be tailored regionally.

(00:31:16) - Brian explains the distribution of organic matter in soil, highlighting that most is found in the top 2 to 3 inches.

(00:32:14) - Josh shares insights from his previous experiences, noting that while organic matter gains are possible, expectations should be adjusted for different regions.

(00:33:26) - Brian inquires about Danny's travels, suggesting a sampling trip to the eastern border.

(00:34:12) - Brian outlines an upcoming project involving potassium response strips and soil health properties across various locations.

(00:35:11) - Danny expresses concerns about the challenges of quantifying soil health and the complexity of correlating various soil parameters.

(00:36:33) - Brian discusses the variability in analytical methods for measuring soil properties and the need for more research in this area.

(00:37:46) - Josh raises questions about interpreting CO2 flux measurements and their implications for soil health.

(00:39:34) - Danny suggests starting with practical tools for producers, emphasizing fundamental ideas of soil health like retaining residue and using cover crops.

(00:40:03) - Danny discusses the importance of considering different tillage systems and management options to improve soil health.

(00:40:50) - Josh raises questions about the impact of cover crops in cattle-driven systems, particularly in northern Colorado and Wyoming.

(00:41:07) - Danny shares his experiences with irrigated sugar beet farming and the challenges of soil disturbance and residue management.

(00:41:32) - He highlights the potential benefits of integrating legumes into farming practices to enhance nitrogen availability economically.

(00:42:36) - Danny emphasizes that the outcomes of using cover crops may not be as severe as perceived, suggesting it could be worth trying.

(00:42:50) - Josh reflects on the skepticism surrounding cover crops and discusses their role in water management and biomass production.

(00:44:23) - Dave asks Danny about the similarities he has observed between producers in Oklahoma and those in Wyoming and northern Colorado.

(00:45:01) - Danny expresses his appreciation for the focus on cattle in Oklahoma and the importance of integrating livestock into soil management practices.

(00:46:08) - Raedan raises concerns about the future of water availability and the role of cattle in sustainable food systems in the High Plains.

(00:48:35) - Dave thanks Danny for joining the podcast and invites listeners to engage with the Red Dirt Agronomy community.

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Sign up for December's conference at WinterCropsSchool.com.

You can also find information on our website, RedDirtAgronomy.com.

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What You Will Learn

- The significance of feed efficiency in beef cattle production
- How nutrient utilization, especially nitrogen, impacts production and the environment
- The relationship between feeding practices and environmental concerns
- The role of rumen fistulation in studying cattle digestion
- The economic implications of different protein sources for cattle

Feed Efficiency

Dr. Foote's research emphasizes the critical role of feed efficiency in beef cattle, particularly within feedlot and grazing systems. By improving feed efficiency, producers can enhance their profitability while also reducing the environmental footprint of beef production.

Nutrient Utilization

Understanding how cattle utilize nutrients, particularly nitrogen, is essential for improving production efficiency. Dr. Foote explains that better nutrient utilization not only boosts economic returns but also mitigates environmental impacts, such as water quality issues and greenhouse gas emissions.

Environmental Concerns

The podcast highlights the connection between nitrogen efficiency and environmental challenges. By optimizing feeding practices, producers can address these concerns while maintaining productivity, showcasing the importance of sustainable agricultural practices.

Rumen Fistulation

Dr. Foote discusses rumen fistulation, a surgical procedure that allows researchers to gain direct access to the rumen for studying digestive processes. This method provides valuable insights into how cattle digest and absorb nutrients, which is crucial for enhancing feed efficiency.

Economic Implications

The economic aspects of different protein sources for cattle are also explored. Dr. Foote suggests that higher-quality feeds can lead to better long-term benefits, particularly for producers who may not be able to feed daily, emphasizing the need for strategic feeding practices.

Important Quote

Dr. Foote emphasizes the importance of understanding the economic benefits of efficient feeding strategies, stating, "If we can identify some of these mechanisms, maybe eventually we could manipulate them for the producer's benefit."

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The current challenges facing summer crops in Oklahoma due to drought conditions.

The potential implications of an unusually cold winter on crop management and livestock grazing.

Ongoing research initiatives aimed at improving crop management practices, particularly for soybeans.

The significance of precision nutrient management in optimizing crop yields.

The importance of flexibility in farming practices amidst uncertain weather conditions.

The episode highlights that summer crops in Oklahoma are nearing harvest, but many areas are grappling with significant challenges due to drought. For instance, Stillwater has recorded 56 consecutive days with less than a quarter inch of rain, severely impacting crop yields and quality.

Dr. Arnall and Dr. Lofton discuss the potential for an unusually cold winter, which could affect crop management decisions, particularly regarding winter wheat planting. This uncertainty forces farmers to weigh their options carefully, considering whether to plant for grazing or wait for spring oats.

The podcast emphasizes ongoing research at Oklahoma State University, focusing on soybean growth stages and the effects of shading on yields. This research is crucial for informing farmers about best practices and adapting to changing environmental conditions.

Precision nutrient management emerges as a key strategy for optimizing crop yields. By carefully managing soil nutrients, farmers can enhance their crop production, even in challenging conditions.

The experts stress the importance of flexibility in farming practices. As conditions evolve, farmers must be prepared to consider alternative crops and management strategies to navigate the uncertainties of agricultural production.

(00:00:33) - Introduction of the guests, including Brian Arnall and Josh Lofton from Oklahoma State University.

(00:01:01) - Discussion begins on summer crops across the southern Great Plains.

(00:01:26) - Conversation about soybean harvest challenges due to dry conditions and field fires.

(00:02:13) - Updates on the current state of full season and double crop harvesting.

(00:03:11) - Predictions on the completion of summer crop harvesting by Halloween.

(00:03:33) - Discussion on the potential for winter wheat planting and grazing options.

(00:04:20) - Insights on upcoming weather patterns and the possibility of a cold winter.

(00:05:57) - Concerns about forage potential if dry conditions persist through winter.

(00:07:35) - Commentary on the lack of rain and its impact on the region's agriculture.

(00:08:34) - Statistics on consecutive days without significant rainfall in Stillwater and surrounding areas.

(00:09:04) - Observations on localized weather events and their effects on crop conditions.

(00:09:25) - Discussion on the evaporation of rain in the lower atmosphere despite suitable conditions in the upper atmosphere.

(00:10:11) - Exploring options for soil preservation and crop viability if rain occurs before December.

(00:10:33) - Introduction of new wheat varieties that thrive with late sow planting.

(00:11:41) - Insights on planting dates and the performance of Butler's Gold wheat variety.

(00:12:05) - Observations on the current state of pastures and the impact of dry conditions.

(00:13:04) - Discussion on the flexibility of planting wheat and the timing of insurance deadlines.

(00:14:35) - Transition to discussing spring oats as a backup plan for forage.

(00:15:32) - Consideration of historical wheat acreage and market conditions affecting planting decisions.

(00:16:24) - Analysis of the forage potential of wheat and the impact of recent rains.

(00:17:10) - Emphasis on the importance of remaining flexible and exploring alternative farming options.

(00:18:35) - Reassurance that it's not time to panic despite current challenges in farming.

(00:19:00) - Reflection on the previous fall's weather conditions and their effects on grazing potential.

(00:19:12) - Discussion on tough decisions for growers regarding animal management.

(00:19:56) - Overview of positive yields despite challenging summer conditions.

(00:20:39) - Insights on sorghum harvest results and timing of rainfall.

(00:21:10) - Mixed results in corn yields based on planting times.

(00:22:30) - Disappointingly low bean yields but positive outcomes given environmental challenges.

(00:23:39) - Discussion on hay quality and tonnage from this year's crops.

(00:24:04) - Introduction to a soybean research project across Oklahoma.

(00:25:51) - Explanation of digital field days and their benefits for growers.

(00:27:37) - Updates on the growth stages of soybean plants and management practices.

(00:28:30) - Importance of educating youth about soybean production in Oklahoma.

(00:29:29) - Weekly updates on soybean research through 360-degree videos.

(00:29:34) - Josh discusses the soybean project funded by the Oklahoma Soybean Board, highlighting its potential to educate non-farm entities about Oklahoma agriculture.

(00:30:13) - He emphasizes the importance of showcasing meticulous crop management to counter negative perceptions of agriculture.

(00:30:35) - Dave shares his experience of documenting plant growth using a 360 camera, comparing it to watching children grow.

(00:31:19) - He describes a unique 360 video project under different shade levels, illustrating the impact of sunlight on plant growth.

(00:32:10) - Josh mentions the yield differences observed in shaded versus unshaded plants during various growth stages.

(00:32:44) - He explains the unexpected effects of atmospheric conditions on soybean yields, revealing significant yield losses due to shading.

(00:34:55) - Dave transitions the conversation to the upcoming winter crop school, highlighting its new location and the exciting agenda planned.

(00:35:49) - Brian outlines the details of the winter crop school, including CEUs offered and the focus on advanced agricultural discussions.

(00:36:59) - He introduces various sessions, including topics on IPMs, irrigation, and crop management, featuring expert speakers.

(00:38:57) - Brian discusses a session dedicated to corn stunt, detailing its history and current research efforts.

(00:39:36) - He highlights the importance of forages and the work being done on herbicide-treated fertilizers and fescue management.

(00:40:14) - Brian mentions his plans to address water quality issues and its implications for agriculture in the region.

(00:40:48) - Brian introduces a segment on the mechanics of salt and high bicarbonates in soil, featuring Dr. Kenton Martin.

(00:41:19) - Discussion on management strategies for saline soils with insights from Dr. Martin.

(00:41:46) - Brian mentions Josh's recent fact sheet on spring oat management, emphasizing its importance.

(00:42:20) - Dr. Steve Phillips will discuss the distinction between essential and beneficial plant nutrients, highlighting current policy discussions.

(00:43:10) - Brian shares details about the upcoming meeting, including registration and location information.

(00:43:39) - Josh talks about funding opportunities for county educators to attend the meeting.

(00:44:30) - Brian explains the support available for educators, including travel funding and registration waivers.

(00:45:12) - The hosts discuss the value of graduate students presenting their research at the meeting.

(00:46:12) - Josh emphasizes the importance of students interacting with field practitioners to enhance their learning experience.

(00:47:20) - Dave mentions the availability of past presentations and registration for the upcoming conference on the website.

(00:48:18) - The hosts wrap up the episode, teasing the next guest, Dr. Andrew Foot, from animal science.

(00:49:06) - Dave thanks the audience for listening and encourages them to reach out for future discussions.

RedDirtAgronomy.com

"If we can get this objective data coming back in at an individual animal level, then we can start to manage it basically."
Dr. Trotter emphasizes the importance of collecting precise data on individual animals to improve management practices in livestock, which can lead to better outcomes in terms of health and productivity.

Other Topics Covered In This Episode
The challenges of reproductive efficiency in cattle herds

The role of smart ear tags in monitoring livestock

The importance of data management in precision agriculture

How GPS data can optimize grazing patterns

Future applications of precision technologies in biosecurity


When did they discuss that?

(00:00:02) - Introduction to the episode and guest, Dr. Mark Trotter, a precision livestock management researcher from Central Queensland University.

(00:00:34) - Reminder to subscribe and access additional information on the Red Dirt Agronomy website.

(00:00:56) - Introduction of the team members, including Dr. Brian Arnall and Dr. Josh Lofton.

(00:01:27) - Discussion about Dr. Trotter's visit to Oklahoma and his work in precision agriculture for livestock.

(00:02:38) - Dr. Trotter shares details about his location in Rockhampton, Queensland, and its climate similarities to Stillwater, Oklahoma.

(00:03:35) - Overview of Queensland as the beef capital of Australia and the region's agricultural diversity.

(00:04:23) - Comparison of grazing practices and forage types between Australia and Oklahoma.

(00:05:50) - Discussion on the types of grasses used in the region and the prevalence of native pastures.

(00:06:41) - Dr. Trotter explains the average size of paddocks in his research area.

(00:07:23) - Insights into stocking rates and cattle management in Queensland.

(00:07:59) - Dr. Trotter addresses the challenges faced in precision agriculture and livestock management.

(00:08:34) - Discussion on reproductive efficiency issues in northern Australia’s cattle herds.

(00:09:15) - Exploration of calf loss rates and the research being conducted to understand these challenges.

(00:10:04) - Dr. Trotter emphasizes the need for precision in monitoring cattle health and productivity.

(00:10:18) - Inquiry into how environmental factors affect cattle efficiency as one moves inland.

(00:10:29) - Dr. Mark Trotter discusses the environmental challenges faced by cattle in northern Australia, particularly the need for higher bostaurus content in cattle as conditions become harsher.

(00:10:49) - Dr. Brian Arnall inquires about the technologies being investigated to address these challenges, hint at implant or bolus styles.

(00:10:59) - Dr. Mark Trotter introduces the concept of a smart tag, an earpiece that utilizes GPS and accelerometer technology to monitor cattle behavior and location.

(00:12:12) - He explains how producers can use GPS data to understand grazing patterns and optimize land use, including potential fencing and water point placements.

(00:12:54) - Dr. Brian Arnall asks about the power source for the smart tag, leading to a discussion about solar power and connectivity options.

(00:14:41) - Dr. Mark Trotter elaborates on the challenges of connectivity in remote areas and the advantages of satellite-based ear tags.

(00:15:55) - Dr. Josh Lofton raises concerns about data overload from the tags and how they plan to help producers interpret the information effectively.

(00:17:32) - Dr. Mark Trotter explains the importance of developing algorithms to distill the data into actionable insights for producers.

(00:18:58) - He shares findings from research in Spain regarding changes in cow movement patterns as indicators of impending calving.

(00:19:20) - Dr. Mark Trotter discusses research on distinguishing between successful and difficult calving based on behavioral patterns.

(00:19:51) - Dr. Mark Trotter discusses the differences in behavior between cows that keep their calves and those that lose them, highlighting the impact on maternal instincts.

(00:20:13) - He emphasizes the importance of obtaining objective data from cattle in the field to improve management practices.

(00:20:33) - Dr. Josh Lofton raises a question about how often ranchers actually see their cows in the field.

(00:20:41) - Dr. Trotter explains the variability in cow visibility, noting that some ranchers may only see their cattle once a year.

(00:21:09) - He shares the challenges ranchers face when they discover missing cattle without knowing the cause of their deaths.

(00:21:22) - Dr. Lofton reflects on similar experiences in Louisiana, where ranchers have little contact with their cattle over long periods.

(00:21:46) - Dr. Trotter mentions the concept of wild harvest, where cattle are taken from unmanaged areas, and how grazing systems are becoming more intensive.

(00:22:07) - Dr. Lofton inquires about the growers' mentality regarding private industry access to daily animal activities in Australia.

(00:22:28) - Dr. Trotter discusses data ownership issues and how leading producers prioritize data for management decisions over ownership concerns.

(00:23:35) - He explains how technology can help detect diseases and monitor insect infestations, leading to better marketing strategies for producers.

(00:24:23) - Dr. Brian Arnall draws parallels to the Farmers Business Network and how farmers are becoming accustomed to sharing data for benefits.

(00:25:15) - He acknowledges the persistent mentality among ranchers about data ownership and privacy.

(00:25:40) - Dr. Lofton highlights that some growers prefer private industry access to their data over government access.

(00:25:52) - Dr. Trotter shares his reasons for visiting the U.S. and the connections he has made in the field of precision agriculture.

(00:27:25) - He expresses his interest in the cultural similarities between Oklahoma and central Queensland, Australia.

(00:27:42) - Dr. Trotter outlines his future research goals, focusing on using technology for biosecurity and disease detection.

(00:29:18) - He discusses the potential for collaboration between Australia and the U.S. in addressing biosecurity challenges.

(00:29:29) - Dave Deken thanks Dr. Trotter for his participation and encourages listeners to reach out for future discussions.

(00:30:16) - The episode concludes with a reminder of copyright information regarding the podcast recording.

RedDirtAgronomy.com

Current Crop Conditions

As of September 3, 2024, the harvest of full-season crops in Oklahoma reveals mixed results, particularly with corn and sorghum. Soybeans are struggling significantly, and there is a pressing need for rain across the state.

Economic Decision-Making

Producers often grapple with the choice of sticking to historical planting practices versus adapting to current market conditions. Understanding input costs and market prices is crucial for making informed decisions that can impact profitability.

Importance of Risk Management

Effective risk management strategies, such as forward pricing and insurance, are vital for producers to navigate the inherent market fluctuations. These strategies help mitigate potential losses and stabilize income.

Market Dynamics

The episode discusses how producers are responding to low wheat prices and the anticipated rise in nitrogen costs. This highlights the need for producers to stay informed about market trends to make timely decisions.

Budgeting for Success

Creating a detailed budget is essential for producers. It outlines expected costs and revenues, enabling them to make informed agricultural decisions and manage their resources effectively.

 

(00:00) - Introduction to episode 314 of the Red Dirt Agronomy podcast

(01:10) - Crop update from September 3, 2024

(01:38) - Overview of current crop conditions across Oklahoma

(02:37) - Discussion on the impact of recent weather on crops

(03:27) - Examining the percentage of crop loss in soybeans

(05:19) - Wheat planting considerations and concerns

(07:21) - Introduction of guest Dr. John Michael Reilly

(08:35) - Dr. Reilly's background and current role at Oklahoma State University

(09:36) - Discussion on producers' decision-making process for planting

(11:51) - Marketing techniques and risk management for producers

(14:49) - The importance of budgeting and price considerations

(17:05) - Accessibility of market data for producers today vs. 20 years ago

(19:21) - The challenge of information overload in decision-making

(22:20) - Common questions from students about futures markets

(25:16) - What students think they need to learn vs. what they actually need

(29:40) - The importance of teaching fundamentals and critical thinking

(34:03) - Discussion on teaching methods and memorization in agriculture education

(38:01) - Comparing agricultural science to economics in terms of complexity

(43:59) - Age groups and their likelihood to engage in market activities

(45:04) - Comparing grower mentality on marketing across different regions

(46:36) - Discussion on the reasons behind increased on-farm storage investments

(51:20) - Closing thoughts on alternative farming systems for new entrants

(52:47) - Wrap-up and information on how to engage with the podcast

RedDirtAgronomy.com

Wheat Yield and Plant Timing

One of the most surprising insights was that delaying wheat planting can yield results comparable to earlier planting, depending on environmental conditions. This flexibility allows farmers to make informed decisions based on real-time weather patterns.

Seeding Rates

Dr. Silva shared recent studies indicating that increasing seeding rates may not significantly impact yields, particularly with modern wheat varieties. This challenges the traditional belief that more seeds always equate to better yields, prompting a reevaluation of seeding strategies.

Nitrogen Management

Proper timing of nitrogen application is crucial for maximizing protein content in wheat, which directly correlates with yield. Understanding the right timing can help farmers optimize their inputs for better outputs.

Genetic Improvements

Advancements in wheat breeding have produced varieties that are more resilient to stressors like nitrogen deficiency and adverse soil conditions. This genetic progress is vital for adapting to the challenges posed by climate change and soil health issues.

Understanding Disease Management

The episode highlighted the significant impact of disease management, with fungicide use increasing yields by 10-12 bushels per acre in high disease-pressure environments. This underscores the importance of proactive disease management strategies in wheat production.
 

Time Stamps

(00:00) - Introduction to the episode and guest, Dr. Amanda Silva.

(00:38) - Quick introductions of the team members and their roles.

(01:06) - Dr. Brian Arnall discusses challenges in wheat breeding for marginal lands.

(01:16) - Dr. Josh Lofton emphasizes the importance of equipment maintenance before harvest.

(01:46) - Transition to discussing the 2024 wheat crop and the new recording location.

(01:57) - Dave shares insights on the recent wheat harvest and data collection challenges.

(02:15) - Dr. Amanda Silva discusses her observations from the last year's wheat crop.

(02:51) - Overview of the various experiments conducted during the past season.

(03:49) - Discussion on the impact of planting dates and seeding rates on wheat yield.

(04:44) - Insights on grain yield and the effects of delayed planting.

(05:21) - Amanda explains findings on seeding rates and their impact on yield.

(06:07) - Discussion on historical planting practices and their evolution over time.

(07:06) - Amanda shares thoughts on best management practices for late planting.

(08:02) - The importance of genetics in modern wheat varieties and their adaptability.

(08:56) - Discussion on the implications of using older planting equipment.

(09:19) - Amanda addresses the role of seed treatment in wheat planting.

(10:51) - The conversation shifts to tiller management and its impact on yield.

(11:44) - Discussion on the changing expectations of wheat producers regarding crop density.

(12:28) - Insights on the effects of weather patterns on wheat growth and yield.

(14:02) - The impact of late sow and its implications for crop rotation.

(15:27) - Amanda clarifies the importance of planting timing and variety selection.

(16:52) - Discussion on the risks of planting too early and the importance of monitoring conditions.

(18:27) - The conversation focuses on managing late-season freezes and planting strategies.

(20:17) - Amanda discusses the relationship between seeding rates and yield stability.

(21:25) - The impact of seeding rates on tiller production and overall crop health.

(22:19) - The challenges of balancing wheat maturity and harvest timing.

(23:11) - Amanda explains the critical period for wheat and its importance for yield.

(24:38) - Discussion on the management of hollow stem in wheat crops.

(26:04) - Insights on how to effectively use first hollow stem data for management decisions.

(27:54) - The importance of scouting and monitoring individual fields for accurate data.

(30:15) - Amanda discusses the nuances of protein levels in dual-purpose versus grain-only systems.

(32:09) - The conversation shifts to the importance of soil pH and its impact on wheat production.

(34:17) - Discussion on the long-term implications of relying on aluminum tolerance in breeding.

(36:20) - Amanda emphasizes the need for balanced soil management practices.

(37:05) - The conversation wraps up with insights on wheat variety performance in 2024.

(47:23) - Amanda hints at a standout wheat variety for the upcoming season.

(48:59) - Discussion on the importance of disease management in wheat production.

(50:45) - Closing remarks and thanks to Dr. Amanda Silva for her insights.
 

RedDirtAgronomy.com

• The significant effects of weather on crop health and management decisions.
• Current disease pressures affecting summer crops in Oklahoma.
• The critical role of extension services in supporting farmers.
• Effective management strategies for maintaining crop health.
• Insights into specific diseases and their implications for crop production.

Oklahoma has faced a hot summer with temperatures consistently exceeding 100°F. However, timely rainfall has positively influenced crop prospects, particularly for sorghum maturing rapidly. This highlights the delicate balance between weather conditions and crop health.

Initial seedling diseases, particularly Fusarium infections, were noted in soybeans and sorghum, especially in fields lacking seed treatments. Fortunately, overall, foliar diseases have remained low due to the high temperatures, a relief for farmers.

Implementations such as crop rotation, effective seed treatments, and diligent disease monitoring are essential for managing crop health. These strategies can significantly mitigate risks associated with disease pressures.

Farmers should closely monitor their crops for signs of disease, particularly in soybeans and sorghum. Early detection is crucial for effective management and can prevent more significant outbreaks.

To enhance crop health and manage disease risks, consider the following:

• Utilize effective seed treatments to reduce early-season disease risks.
• Implement crop rotation strategies to manage soil-borne pathogens effectively.
• Maintain vigilant monitoring of crops for any signs of disease development.

Time Stamps

(00:00) - Introduction to episode 312 of the Red Dirt Agronomy podcast with host Dave Deken.

(00:36) - Introduction of the dream team, featuring Dr. Brian Arnall and Dr. Josh Lofton.

(01:15) - Dr. Josh Lofton provides a crop update, discussing the hot summer and rainfall impacts on crops.

(02:10) - Josh shares insights on the rapid growth of sorghum and the challenges posed by pests.

(03:05) - Discussion on replant decisions due to favorable conditions for July crops.

(04:26) - Josh talks about the implications of summer crop decisions on future wheat planting.

(05:01) - Amanda shares information on short-season wheat options for growers.

(05:37) - Josh discusses the unusual summer weather and its effects on disease pressure in crops.

(06:04) - Introduction of Dr. Maíra Duffeck, the new row crop pathologist, to discuss disease pressure.

(06:33) - Dr. Duffeck describes the early season conditions and their impact on disease development.

(07:27) - Discussion on seedling problems in sorghum and soybean due to pathogens.

(08:22) - Dr. Duffeck explains the effects of fusarium on sorghum and soybean seedlings.

(09:02) - Dr. Duffeck shares observations on the health of corn fields and the lack of foliar diseases.

(09:37) - Josh raises questions about the timing of preventative measures for soybean crops.

(10:41) - Dr. Duffeck discusses the challenges of diagnosing seedling diseases in soybean and corn.

(12:08) - The conversation shifts to the impact of environmental conditions on seedling diseases.

(13:11) - Discussion on the management of charcoal rot in sorghum and soybean crops.

(14:14) - Dr. Duffeck explains the symptoms and impacts of charcoal rot on soybean plants.

(15:01) - The group discusses aflatoxin concerns and the conditions that favor its development.

(21:03) - Dr. Duffeck shares insights on scouting for ear rot problems in fields.

(22:15) - Discussion on the testing of silage corn for aflatoxin and its implications for dairy systems.

(25:41) - The conversation explores the complexities of mycotoxin production in crops.

(29:58) - Dr. Duffeck discusses the absence of foliar diseases in soybean fields this season.

(31:12) - The group reflects on the early stages of crop development and disease pressure.

(33:03) - Dr. Duffeck explains sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybean and its management strategies.

(36:15) - Discussion on the evolution of management strategies for SDS in soybean crops.

(38:31) - Dr. Duffeck shares her background and journey from Brazil to Oklahoma State University.

(44:19) - Closing remarks and thanks to Dr. Duffeck for joining the podcast.

(45:12) - Dave Deken wraps up the episode and encourages listeners to visit the website for more information.

RedDirtAgronomy.com

Media Utilization: Dr. Anderson emphasized the importance of using media to reach a broader audience. This approach not only enhances credibility but also effectively disseminates knowledge.

Teaching and Extension: Transition from 100% extension work to incorporating teaching at Oklahoma State University (OSU) allowed Dr. Anderson to influence both students and farmers, providing a platform for broader impact.

Marketing Strategies: The "third, a third, and a third" strategy for selling wheat is a notable contribution. This method helps farmers manage price volatility by spreading sales over different periods.

Early Career: Dr. Anderson started his extension career in Kentucky, where he first appeared on TV with Ira Massey on "Tabacco Talk." This experience underscored the power of media in agricultural extension.

Sales Class Success: His sales class at OSU, including the "Ready Set Sale" event, has been highly successful. It teaches students practical sales skills through real-world interactions, preparing them for future careers.

(00:03) - Introduction and Welcome

(00:35) - Information and Website Reminder

(00:55) - Introduction of the Dream Team

(01:14) - Doctor Josh Lofton’s Introduction

(02:14) - Introduction of Doctor Kim Anderson

(03:17) - Kim Anderson’s Grain Marketing Advice

(03:35) - Kim Anderson’s Career Began in 1980

(04:27) - Transition from Kentucky to Oklahoma

(05:48) - Early TV and Radio Experiences

(06:26) - Creative Market Monitor Segments

(07:02) - Fun and Criticism in Market Reporting

(07:44) - Kim Anderson’s Teaching Career

(08:25) - Transition to Teaching Junior Marketing

(10:04) - Success of the Sales Class

(11:17) - Hands-On Sales Experience

(12:10) - Ready Set Sale Dinner

(13:09) - Support from Salespeople

(13:55) - Reputation of Ferguson College of Agriculture

(14:22) - Ready Set Sale Process

(15:45) - Teaching During COVID

(17:02) - Adjustments During COVID

(17:55) - Sashay with a Salesperson

(18:16) - Importance of Building Relationships

(19:09) - Students Finding Salespeople

(19:25) - Ready Set Sale Dinner Event

(20:29) - Symbiotic Relationship Between Students and Salespeople

(20:51) - Impact of Teaching on Extension Work

(21:25) - Writing for Southwest Farm Press

(22:17) - Teaching Through Media

(23:08) - Repetition in Teaching

(23:58) - Credibility Through Media

(25:03) - Avoid Lectures, Facilitate Conversations

(26:04) - Best Presentation Experience

(27:19) - Learning from Farmers

(28:01) - Mentorship from Successful Farmers

(29:05) - Making Farmers Feel Good About Their Decisions

(29:56) - Origin of the Third, a Third, a Third Strategy

(31:02) - Media’s Role in Credibility

(32:15) - Importance of Returning Phone Calls

(32:42) - Listening to Farmers

(33:14) - Affirmation Calls from Farmers

(34:09) - Caution with Media

(35:07) - Handling Media Sensitivity

(36:10) - Favorite Part of Extension Work

(36:41) - Reward of Farmer Interactions

(37:55) - Farmers Teaching Themselves

(38:01) - Origin of the Third, a Third, a Third Strategy

(39:06) - Double Retirement

(40:02) - Current Wheat Marketing Strategy

(41:02) - Importance of a Mechanical Marketing Strategy

(42:15) - Average Yield and Price

(43:20) - Value of Being Above Average

(44:18) - Comfort in Marketing Decisions

(45:33) - Retirement Plans

(46:31) - Psychological Aspect of Retirement

(47:36) - Making Decisions That Let You Sleep at Night

(48:15) - Overcoming Doubts and Proving Others Wrong

(48:27) - Closing Remarks and Thanks

(48:45) - Outro and Contact Information

RedDirtAgronomy.com

We talk with Dr Brett Carver, wheat breeder at Oklahoma State University, about the unique challenges of the 2024 wheat crop in the southern Great Plains. The early and severe outbreak of stripe rust disease, which Carver calls the "worst" he's seen, sets the stage for a candid conversation about the complexities of wheat breeding.

Despite the significant disease pressure, some areas achieved remarkable yields. Carver also reflects on how this challenging season offers valuable insights for the breeding program, describing it as a "gift" for identifying varieties with allseason resistance to stripe rust.

The need for fusarium head blight resistance and the potential role of a newly released scab-resistant line

"Butler's Gold" variety's early maturity and its significance for double-cropping systems

Breeding targets, including harder wheat kernels with improved gluten and higher fiber content for health-conscious consumers

Efforts to increase the fiber content of milled wheat flour and changing consumer perceptions toward wheat

The timing of grazing for dual-purpose wheat and the potential for dedicated dual-purpose varieties

Breeding for disease resistance beyond stripe rust, such as Septoria nodorum

 

(00:00) - Introduction to the episode and guests, focusing on wheat research and variety development.

(00:38) - Harvest updates: impressive yields in some areas, while others suffered due to weather conditions.

(02:46) - The impact of timely planting on crop success, with corn and soybeans benefiting from early starts.

(04:20) - The challenges of weather conditions, and how they influenced wheat harvest.

(06:07) - The importance of fungicide applications and their impact on wheat yields.

(09:16) - January and February decisions on nitrogen applications and their outcomes in 2024.

(11:14) - Recall of previous challenging years for wheat, including 2012 and 2015, and the lessons learned.

(13:21) - The unique challenges of 2024, with both stripe and leaf rusts affecting wheat crops.

(15:07) - The need for wheat varieties with improved disease resistance, and the role of breeding.

(17:28) - The value of challenging years like 2024 for wheat breeding programs and future planning.

(19:30) - The benefits of diverse cropping and their impact on wheat variety determination.

(22:02) - The release of a new scab-resistant wheat variety and the potential for increased fusarium.

(24:21) - The role of cropping systems in determining future wheat varieties and their characteristics.

(27:00) - The success of short-season wheat in changing growers' approaches to rotations.

(29:13) -The accidental discovery of Butler's Gold, a short-season wheat variety, and its impact.

(31:13) - Strategies for managing late spring freezes and their influence on wheat maturity.

(33:12) - The potential for a new dual-purpose wheat variety, focusing on grazing ability.

(35:38) - The issue of determining the optimal grazing period for wheat and the need for precision.

(37:08) - Future plans for wheat breeding, including focusing on beyond-the-fence qualities.

(39:41) - The potential for breeding high-yielding, high-quality wheat with improved fiber content.

(42:32) - Conclusion and thanks to the guests, leaving the audience with a positive outlook.

RedDirtAgronomy.com