Some guy goes on a podcast and argues against introspection.

Caleb pushes back.

This solo episode uses the viral debate as a launching pad for what the Stoics actually think about self-examination.

Caleb draws a sharp line between the kind of introspection the critics hate — guilt, rumination, dwelling on the past — and the kind Marcus Aurelius practiced: forward-looking, demanding, and grounded in a clear standard of how to live.

(00:00) The VC’s argument against introspection

(03:00) Marcus Aurelius as counterexample

(05:00) What Stoic introspection is

(08:30) Self-criticism: proleptic, not punishing

(13:30) Knowing yourself: the Delphic tradition

(18:00) Why Stoic introspection isn’t rumination

(20:30) The risks: diminishing returns and the hall of mirrors

(23:30) How much introspection is enough

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Thanks to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations:

https://ancientlyre.com/

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