Jeff Chilton, a mushroom pioneer with over 40 years experience joins me to discuss all things mushroom. From nutritional benefits to how they can be used medicinally, Jeff explains the relationship between human and fungal interactions.
Selected Links from the Episode
Jeff Chilton - Nammex website
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Dr Ron Ehrlich: Hello and welcome to Unstressed. I'm Dr. Ron Ehrlich. Mushrooms, now here is an interesting story. What is a mushroom? What are the nutritional benefits? Well, many are it turns out. What are the medicinal ...What are medicinal mushrooms and how are they used? My guest today is Jeff Chilton, who studied ethnomycology, which is the study of human and fungal interactions, and those interactions are many and varied. I'll let him explain. I hope you enjoy this conversation I had with Jeff Chilton.
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Welcome to the show, Jeff.
Jeff Chilton: Hello Ron. Thank you so much for having me.
Dr Ron Ehrlich: Jeff, we're going to be diving into mushrooms, but I wonder if we could start with mushrooms 101? What is a mushroom? What is it actually?
Jeff Chilton: Well, you know what? A mushroom is actually what we call a plant part of a fungal organism, and that organism starts out with a spore. Mushrooms don't have seeds, they have spores. A spore will germinate into very fine filaments called hyphae and multiple spores germinating into these hyphae coming together will form a network called mycelium. And you know that mycelium is out in nature in the ground, in wood. It is what is decomposing all of that organic matter that's out there every year. Leaves, branches of trees, plants, without these fungal organisms and that mycelium, we would be covered in all sorts of organic matter that comes down every year. So, that mycelium is very important, it's out there and one of the things it's doing, besides breaking down everything into humus for use in the ongoing growth of these plants, it will produce a mushroom.
Jeff Chilton: When the conditions are right, it's got enough energy, it will produce a mushroom. The mushroom will pop up, it will mature, it will drop spores. And at that place ... at that time the life cycle is complete. So again, the mushroom is a plant part of this fungal organism, which is helping to decompose all of the organic matter out there.
Dr Ron Ehrlich: It's so interesting because we have spent quite a deal of time talking with regenerative agriculture people, and we're very big on soil health on our podcast. And I'm very familiar, my listeners will be familiar with the term called microrisal Fungi.
Jeff Chilton: Yeah.
Dr Ron Ehrlich: And that's the mycelium.
Jeff Chilton: well, well, yes it is.
Dr Ron Ehrlich: [crosstalk 00:02:55].
Jeff Chilton: No, no, it is. Microrisal is the fungal Mycelium building a relationship with tree roots and plant roots. And it's a beneficial type of relationship where the ... it's a symbiosis, where the fungus will provide certain, whether it be sugars or other types of nutrients to the tree, and the tree will reciprocate. So, that's a microrisal and it is a symbiosis.
Dr Ron Ehrlich: Yeah. Because of one of the things that are a bit of a problem with ... I digress here for a moment. But one of the things that's a bit of a problem with using pesticides and herbicides and all of that is its effect on that microrisal.
Jeff Chilton: Oh yeah. I mean, with all of those toxins that are being sprayed around on our soils and in the air everywhere, and it will fall and destroys so many of those delicate relationships that we have out there. And so that's really an ongoing problem that we have. And you're talking about regenerative agriculture. I mean, this is really what we need. In fact, I'm very familiar with a ...