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Are CGMs the new step counter—or a $200 anxiety machine? In this episode, Zoë and Kylee discuss blood sugar basics, why fluctuations are normal, and how endurance athletes can make sense of numbers like A1C and glucose spikes without spiraling into diet culture doom.

We break down:

• Why blood sugar goes up (and why that’s not a bad thing)

• What CGMs actually tell you (and what they don’t)

• How stress, sleep, and undereating mess with your blood sugar

• Common myths around “spiking,” bonking, and insulin

• Whether high-carb fueling is risky or actually the point

• Why your oatmeal might be lying to you

• How to build more satisfying meals and snacks—without tracking every gram

• And of course, the history of medical professionals tasting pee, becasue, of course.

We also unpack the growing trend of CGM use in healthy athletes, the risks of over-optimization, and what your doctor might be missing when they say “pre-diabetic.”

📚 References + Suggested Reading:

1. Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors by People Without Diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 2024.
   https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/19322968231189240

2. CGMs may overestimate blood sugar levels in healthy individuals. University of Bath, February 2025.
   https://www.bath.ac.uk/announcements/ (Note: exact study not publicly linked; data referenced in news release)

3. Zeevi, D. et al. (2015). Personalized Nutrition by Prediction of Glycemic Responses. Cell.
   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.11.001

4. Banting, F. G. & Best, C. H. (1922). The Internal Secretion of the Pancreas. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine.

5. Bernard, Claude. (1855). Lectures on the Physiology and Pathology of the Central Nervous System. Paris: Balliere. (For early glycogen/liver research.)

6. Rollo, J. (1798). Cases of the Diabetes Mellitus. London: C. Dilly.

7. SuperSapiens: https://www.supersapiens.com – Used for background on CGM marketing in sports.

8. Levels Health & Nutrisense – Company websites and marketing copy analyzed for cultural context and claims.

9. American Diabetes Association. (2024). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2024.
   https://diabetes.org

10. Joslin Diabetes Center. (n.d.). Understanding A1C and Diabetes.
    https://www.joslin.org