提示

1.每期为一篇听力题，每篇裁剪为若干片段，每个片段重复四遍。

2.可以前两遍盲听理解，后两遍根据文字内容精听。

3.根据中英文意思，听不懂的地方多听几遍。

原文

2018.12六级第一套 Passage Two

A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through whether it's sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel.

通常良好的意志力对于完成任何任务都是必要的，无论是坚持一项支出计划还是完成一部伟大小说。

And if you want to increase that willpower, a new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have it.

如果你想增强意志力，一项新的研究表明你只需要相信你拥有它。

According to this study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower.

根据这项研究，最重要的就是我们对意志力的持有什么看法。

If we believe it's a finite resource, we act that way, we feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks.

如果我们认为这是一种有限的资源，我们就会表现对应的举止：我们感到筋疲力尽，在高要求的脑力活动之间需要休息。

However, people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead.

然而，那些将自己的意志力视为无限资源的人却变得精力充沛。

The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study.

研究人员使用心理评估工具来测试研究的有效性。

They asked 1100 Americans and 1600 Europeans to grade different statements such as after a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted and I must rest to get it refueled again or I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired.

他们要求1100名美国人和1600名欧洲人对不同的说法进行评分，例如在经过挑战性的脑力活动之后我的能量消耗殆尽、我必须休息以再次恢复能量，或我可以长时间专注于脑力任务没有感到疲倦。

Although there was little difference between men and women overall, Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks.

尽管男女之间整体上几乎没有什么区别，美国人更有可能承认，在完成具有挑战性的脑力任务后需要休息。

European participants on the other hand claimed they were able to keep going.

而另一方面欧洲参与者却声称他们能够继续前进。

Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it.

根据研究结果，研究人员认为提高你的意志力的关键是相信你自己有充足的意志力。

Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable, they said.

你对意志力的感受会影响你的行为方式。但是他们说这些感觉是多变的。

Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development.

改变你对自我控制本质的看法可以对人格发展产生积极影响。

This leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people.

这会带来更健康的行为，也会改善对他人的看法。

问题：

12:

A) A good start.

B) A detailed plan.

C) A strong determination.

D) A scientific approach.

13:

A) Most people get energized after a sufficient rest.

B) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.

C) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.

D) It is most important to have confidence in one 's willpower.

14:

A) They could keep on working longer.

B) They could do more challenging tasks.

C) They found it easier to focus on work at hand.

D) They held more positive attitudes toward life.

15:

A) They are part of their nature.

B) They are subject to change.

C) They are related to culture.

D) They are beyond control.