The TWiV hosts discuss the distribution of prions in the eyes of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, and the origins and evolution of RNA viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler

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• Please take the TWiV listener survey
• ASV 2019 Satellite Symposia
• Crowdfunding for EV-D68 research
• Aaron Klug, 1926-2018 (Nature)
• Prions in sCJD eyes (mBio)
• Evolution of RNA viruses (mBio)
• Walter Gilbert's The RNA World (Nature)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 526
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - Population mountains to visualize cities Rich- A Neanderthal Perspective on Human Origins with Svante Pääbo Kathy- NASA Space Mission posters Vincent - Package Thief vs Glitter Bomb Trap

Neal- Was a Scientist Jailed?

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vaccine scientist, pediatrician, and autism dad Peter Hotez talks about his new book, Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guest: Peter Hotez

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• Peter Hotez at Baylor College of Medicine
• Peter Hotez on Twitter
• Vaccines Did Not Cause Rachel's Autism (Amazon)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Michelle Flenniken joins TWiV to talk about honeybees and the work of her laboratory on honeybee viruses.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Guest: Michelle Flenniken

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• MSU Pollinator Health Center
• Honeybee antiviral defenses (Sci Rep)
• The buzz about honeybee viruses (PLoS Path)
• Recently identified bee viruses (Curr Op Insect Sci)
• Videos on honey bee researchat MSU, honey bee pathogens, honey bee pathogen detection (YouTube)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Michelle - First 21 days of a bee's life; NPR's Hidden Brain; Varroa destructor triggers deformed wing virus in bees Brianne - Flu Near You Alan - Skype a Scientist program Rich- NASA's Voyager 2 Probe Enters Interstellar Space Kathy- Which ones are bees? And What it feels like to be a bee Vincent - Fecal sequencing and Vaccines did not cause Rachel's autism by Peter Hotez

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Raul Andino joins Vincent and Amy to talk about the finding that a cricket paralysis virus protein restricts RNA-based immunity in insects by regulating the activity and stability of the Argonaute protein.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Amy Rosenfeld

Guest: Raul Andino

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• TWiV 138: RISCy business with Raul Andino
• TWiV 33: Live in Philly
• Viral protein restricts insect immunity (Cell Host Micr)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Amy - Insectropolis Vincent- Genome-edited baby

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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At the University of Zürich, Vincent speaks with virologists Cornel Fraefel, Urs Greber, and Silke Stertz about their careers and their work on AAV2, adenovirus entry, and influenza virus.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Cornel Fraefel, Urs Greber, and Silke Stertz

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• AAV2 and HSV1 co-infections (J Virol)
• Movies of HeLa Fucci cells (J Virol)
• Cathepsin W and influenza virus entry (mBio)
• Plaque 2.0 (PLoS One)
• Video of this episode (YouTube)
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVsters review isolation of a naturally occurring DNA virus from fruit flies, and the cell-type specific function of a small transmembrane protein encoded in an open reading frame upstream of the enterovirus polyprotein.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler

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• Genome-edited babies (Nature)
• Second CRISPR pregnancy? (MIT Tech Rev)
• Naturally occurring DNA virus of Drosophila (PLoS Path)
• Upstream protein coding region in enterovirus genome
• We missed it in 1988! (J Virol)
• Letters read on TWiV 522
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Alan - $40 internationally standard cup of tea Rich- Mars InSight Mission Dickson- New York Botanical Garden Train Show Kathy- Comedy wildlife photo awards finalists Vincent - Senator Gillibrand calls for funding AFM research and our Crowdsourcing of EV-D68 research

Fernando - Pathfinders by Felipe Fernández-Armesto; Erebus by Michael Palin

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Team TWiV cover the discovery of another giant virus from 30,000 year old Siberian permafrost, and how viral aggregation accelerates the production of new infectious viruses and increases fitness, demonstrating an Allee effect.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• PhD and postdoctoral programs at Dept of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
• 30,000 year old Mollivirus sibericum (PNAS)
• Aggregating viruses promotes early replication (Curr Biol)
• Letters read on TWiV 521
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Why don't we have vaccines against everything? Rich- Golden Globe Race Dickson- The Anatomy of Figure Drawingby Robert Demarest and Warder Clyde Allee Kathy- Orientation of the moon's appearance, Southern Hemisphere Vincent - Paul has Measles in English and Spanish

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVidae review universal influenza vaccines that are in clinical trials, and discovery of an atypical parvovirus that causes chronic kidney disease in middle aged, immunocompromised laboratory mice.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

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• PhD and postdoctoral programs at Dept of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
• MSc program Molecular Biology and Pathology of Viruses, Univ College London
• Virology Comics on sale (Amazon)
• Outbreak at the Smithsonian
• NIAID strategic plan for universal influenza vaccine
• Fauci article on universal influenza vaccine (J Inf Dis)
• Severe 2017-18 flu season (CDC)
• Progress on universal influenza vaccine (The Scientist)
• Influenza vaccine is safe for those with egg allergies
• Atypical parvovirusdrives mouse kidney disease (Cell)
• Contagious Thinking: Visible Viruses AR app
• Letters read on TWiV 520
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Nebula Genomics: a new start-up offering free genome sequencing (with a catch) Alan- GRE scores are poor predictorof degree completion Rich- The Science Mill(video) Dickson- The 12 cranial nerves (mnemonic) Kathy- NAS report on Sexual Harassment of Women (free pdf) Iceberg figure Vincent - The Tangled Tree by David Quammen and TWiEVO #37

Mark- Weekly US Map: Influenza Summary

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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The TWiVomers review a potential role for herpes simplex virus type 1 as a cause of Alzheimer's Disease, including the finding that amyloid-beta acts as an antiviral by enveloping virus particles.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker

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• Virology Comics on sale (Amazon)
• Clinical Trial: antiviral for AD
• HHV6 and HHV7 transcripts in AD brain (TWiV 505)
• HSV1 in AD (Front Ag Neuro)
• Taiwan cohort study on antivirals and AD (Neurother)
• HSV1 antibodies in CSF (J Med Virol)
• HSV1 induces amyloid-beta fibrillization (Neuron)
• Image credit
• Letters read on TWiV 519
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Brianne - Pandemic (board game) Alan- The Shortwave Radio Audio Archive (siteand blog) Rich- James Cook's First Pacific Voyage, 1768-1771 (interactive map) Dickson- The Scientist on Instagram Vincent - State of the World's Fungi

David- Bruno LaTour

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

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Vincent travels to Penn State College of Medicine in Hershey, PA to speak with Nick and Leslie about their careers and their work on human cytomegalovirus and retroviruses.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Nicholas Buchkovich and Leslie Parent

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• HIV-1 gag membrane binding domain (J Virol)
• Nuclear experience for gag (PNAS)
• Gag in nucleolus (J Virol)
• YB-1 for retrovirus assembly (J Virol)
• HCMV controls BiP levels (J Virol)
• HCMV regulates La (J Virol)
• Inhibition of HCMV by modulating syntaxin 5 (J Virol)
• Non-envelopment role for ESCRT-III during HCMV infection (J Virol)
• Late retroviral budding function (J Virol)
• Grit by Angela Duckworth
• The Scientists by John Gribbin
• Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees.

Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]