Montana Governor Greg Gianforte signed a bill on Wednesday banning TikTok in the state, making it the first state in the United States to ban the social media app completely and drawing wide outrage from industry experts and civil rights groups.

Montana legislators passed a bill last month banning TikTok on all personal devices, prohibiting it from operating within the state and barring app stores from offering the app for download.

The measure is the most sweeping one compared with other states' attempts to curtail TikTok.

Montana's ban on TikTok has been a topic of heated discussion, as it is likely to be challenged in courts for violating free speech rights and the difficulty — or even impossibility — of enforcing it.

Since its introduction, the bill has drawn outrage from industry experts and civil rights groups who have called on Gianforte to veto the bill. Despite the pushback, the governor signed the bill into law and said it was "to protect Montanans' personal and private data" in a Twitter post.

His post received many comments, most of which question the enforceability and the real motive behind the measure. Quite a number of users sarcastically wished the governor "good luck", as they see major hurdles ahead.

"Good luck with that. I don't need or want your 'protection'," Twitter user ImpossibleK wrote.

Responding to the governor's tweet, another user Blythe Woolston said, "Certain to be challenged as an infringement of free speech and practically unenforceable in any case."

The ban goes into effect in January 2024. It does not specify how the state would enforce or monitor it. Some said people can easily circumvent the ban by using a VPN, or virtual private network.

Defending users' rights

In a statement, TikTok said it would push to defend the rights of users in Montana.

"Governor Gianforte has signed a bill that infringes on the First Amendment rights of the people of Montana by unlawfully banning TikTok, a platform that empowers hundreds of thousands of people across the state," the company said in a statement.

"We want to reassure Montanans that they can continue using Tik-Tok to express themselves, earn a living, and find community as we continue working to defend the rights of our users inside and outside of Montana."

The popular social media app now has 150 million monthly active users in the US. It has been under increased scrutiny over "national security "issues because its parent company ByteDance is based in Beijing.

The administration of former president Donald Trump tried to ban TikTok in 2020, but the attempts were blocked in court due in part to free speech concerns.

US President Joe Biden's administration initially shelved those plans, but has more recently threatened to ban the app if the company's Chinese owners do not sell their stakes.

Wednesday's ban has renewed pushback from industry and rights groups. NetChoice, a technology trade group that includes TikTok as a member, called the Montana bill unconstitutional.

"The government may not block our ability to access constitutionally protected speech — whether it is in a newspaper, on a website or via an app. In implementing this law, Montana ignores the US Constitution, due process and free speech by denying access to a website and apps their citizens want to use," said Carl Szabo, NetChoice's general counsel.

The American Civil Liberties Union said in a statement, "With this ban, Governor Gianforte and the Montana legislature have trampled on the free speech of hundreds of thousands of Montanans who use the app to express themselves, gather information, and run their small business in the name of anti-Chinese sentiment."

Banning

英/ˈbænɪŋ/ 美/ˈbænɪŋ/

n.禁止；禁令

Speech

英/spiːtʃ/ 美/spiːtʃ/

n.演说，发言