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英语新闻丨New US tariffs pose threats to ASEAN nations


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The United States has announced new tariffs for over half of the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, China's largest trading partners, which analysts said is a calculated escalation of Washington's efforts to reconfigure global supply chains away from Beijing.

美国宣布对中国最大的贸易伙伴东南亚国家联盟(Association of Southeast Asian Nations)一半以上的成员国征收新关税,分析人士表示,这是华盛顿有意将全球供应链从北京重新配置的升级。


The prospect of higher US tariffs could translate into higher prices for US consumers already grappling with persistent inflation and would undermine the stability of global supply chains, they added.

他们补充说,美国提高关税的前景可能会转化为已经在努力应对持续通胀的美国消费者的更高价格,并将破坏全球供应链的稳定性。


US President Donald Trump on Monday set out plans for a 40 percent tariff on goods from Myanmar and Laos, a 36 percent tariff on goods from Thailand and Cambodia, a 32 percent tariff on Indonesia, and a 25 percent tariff on goods from Malaysia.

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周一制定了对缅甸和老挝商品征收40%关税、对泰国和柬埔寨商品征收36%关税、对印度尼西亚商品征收32%关税和对马来西亚商品征收25%关税的计划。


"These tariffs appear designed to make it economically disadvantageous for these Southeast Asian countries to maintain deep supply chain links with China, forcing a decoupling by increasing the cost of their exports to the US market if Chinese inputs or intermediate goods are involved," said Chen Wenling, former chief economist at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges.

中国国际经济交流中心前首席经济学家陈文玲表示:“这些关税似乎旨在使这些东南亚国家与中国保持深厚的供应链联系在经济上处于不利地位,如果涉及中国的投入或中间产品,则通过增加其对美国市场的出口成本来迫使脱钩。”。


The new tariffs will take effect on Aug 1 unless these countries can broker new trade deals with the White House. Trump threatened to raise rates even higher if any of the countries sought to evade the US duties by shipping through other nations.

新关税将于8月1日生效,除非这些国家能够与白宫达成新的贸易协议。特朗普威胁称,如果任何一个国家试图通过其他国家运输来逃避美国的关税,他将进一步提高税率。


Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said, "Additional tariffs will inevitably impact everyday affordability for US families."

中国国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员周宓表示:“额外的关税将不可避免地影响美国家庭的日常负担能力。”


"Moreover, they will disrupt global supply chains, compounding the challenges facing the already fragile global economic recovery," Zhou said.

周表示:“此外,它们将扰乱全球供应链,加剧本已脆弱的全球经济复苏所面临的挑战。”。


According to Trump, there will be no tariff if these countries or companies within the countries decide to build or manufacture products within the US, and that "in fact, we will do everything possible to get approvals quickly, professionally and routinely — in other words, in a matter of weeks".

特朗普表示,如果这些国家或国内公司决定在美国境内生产或制造产品,将不会征收关税,“事实上,我们将尽一切可能快速、专业和常规地获得批准——换句话说,在几周内”。


Earlier this month, Washington already made a deal with Vietnam, an ASEAN country that would see its exports to the US face a 20 percent tariff — lower than the 46 percent Trump had threatened in April.

本月早些时候,华盛顿已经与东盟国家越南达成协议,越南对美国的出口将面临20%的关税,低于特朗普4月份威胁的46%。


But Vietnamese goods would face a higher 40 percent tariff "on any transshipping", when goods shipped from Vietnam originate from another country, such as China.

但当从越南运来的货物来自中国等其他国家时,越南货物将面临“任何转运”40%的更高关税。


Guan Jian, a partner at Beijing Grand Win Law Firm, said the US approach toward Vietnam, imposing steep tariffs on goods suspected of being transshipped from another country, including China, could very well become a standard playbook in its future trade negotiations.

北京大赢律师事务所合伙人关建表示,美国对越南采取的做法,对涉嫌从包括中国在内的另一个国家转运的货物征收高额关税,很可能成为其未来贸易谈判的标准策略。


Chen, former chief economist at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said that China has forged tightly knit industrial and supply chain ties with ASEAN countries, which have become China's top trading partners for five consecutive years. In some ASEAN nations, over 70 percent of the intermediate inputs in their manufacturing sectors are sourced from China.

中国国际经济交流中心前首席经济学家陈表示,中国与东盟国家建立了紧密的工业和供应链关系,东盟国家已连续五年成为中国最大的贸易伙伴。在一些东盟国家,其制造业70%以上的中间投入来自中国。


"The numbers tell the story. It's not easy for Washington to undermine the market-driven integration," Chen said.

陈说:“这些数字说明了问题。华盛顿不容易破坏市场驱动的一体化。”。

reconfigure

n.重新配置

/ˌriːkənˈfɪɡər/

standard playbook

n.标准策略

/ˈstændəd ˈpleɪbʊk/




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