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In this Journal Club episode, Ben and Daphna review a wide range of new research shaping neonatal practice and policy.

The discussion begins with a randomized controlled trial from Korea examining antenatal corticosteroid use in twin pregnancies at risk for late preterm delivery, showing reductions in neonatal respiratory morbidity. They then turn to a meta-analysis on DHA with or without ARA supplementation in preterm infants, where results raised concerns about potential increased risk of BPD, highlighting the need for more precise dosing and study design.

A major feature of this episode is the release of the Improving Neonatology Staffing Toolkit, presented with guests Dr. Kerri Machut and Dr. Milenka Cuevas Guaman. They explain how the toolkit builds on consensus recommendations to offer practical guidance, case studies, and advocacy resources for units of all sizes.

Ben and Daphna also review a multi-center study comparing transcatheter closure and surgical ligation of the PDA in extremely preterm infants, finding similar neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years. Additional topics include an analysis of opt-out consent in neonatal trials, new data on the association between critical congenital heart disease and infant cancer, and a systematic review of autism screening tools for preterm children.

A dense episode full of data and practical implications for neonatology.

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As always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: [email protected]. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below.

Enjoy!