OVERVIEW
Should cyclists incorporate VO2 max work year round or focus VO2 max work on only select periods of the year? Coach Adam Pulford tackles this listener question in Episode 293 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast". Key ideas include the fact that VO2 max is influenced by training at several different intensities, so you can work on VO2 max without always doing high-intensity intervals. When it comes to high-intensity intervals, Coach Adam provides guidance on scheduling workouts and rest days, provides examples of effective VO2 max interval workouts, and when it makes sense to adjust annual periodization plans to incorporate high intensity intervals at unconventional times of year. 

TOPICS COVERED

• VO2 max is influenced by all training intensities
• Why you shouldn't train VO2 max intensity all year long
• How training intensities work together
• Sample Zone 5, high intensity workouts
• Why you should do Zone 5 VO2 work at every two months
• Other ways to build VO2 max off the bike

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

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OVERVIEW
ERG Mode, or ergometer mode, is a feature on smart indoor cycling trainers that allows the trainer or connected app to set the resistance you experience as a rider. For interval workouts, for instance, ERG Mode will adjust the resistance so you stay at a constant target power output (e.g., 250 watts for 10 minutes). The downside to ERG Mode is that it can hinder your ability to conjure the internal motivation to achieve that power target, and if you can't maintain your cadence during an interval, you can end up in the "death spiral". In Episode 292 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast", Coach Adam Pulford provides insights on when to use or not use ERG Mode, how to set up TrainingPeaks Virtual to avoid the death spiral, and other tips for maximizing the effectiveness of ERG Mode. 

TOPICS COVERED

• Pros and Cons of ERG Mode
• Innovations in ERG Mode functions
• Why you would want to use ERG Mode
• Sample data file from ERG Mode workout

RESOURCES

• CTS Article on ERG Mode
• IndieVelo to TPVirtual: 
  • Inside TrainingPeaks Virtual: Redefining Indoor Cycling and Training
  • TrainingPeaks acquires virtual cycling platform indieVelo, aims to add ‘credible racing and realistic riding’ to its training offerings
• Other ERG Mode Resources:
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85d5wF6DNkc
  • https://www.highnorth.co.uk/articles/indoor-ftp-vs-outdoor-ftp

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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OVERVIEW
In Episode 291 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast", Coach Adam Pulford answers a listener question about the relationship between FTP and VO2 max training, particularly how and why targeting training to improve either will typically raise both.

TOPICS COVERED

• Think of training intensities as a continuum, not as neat little boxes
• Descriptions of primary energy systems
• How FTP and VO2 max are directly related
• How to organize training to maximize both FTP and VO2 max

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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OVERVIEW
Although this is "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast", we recognize that not everyone is time-crunched. In particular, we hear from lots of older cyclists who have more time to train now that they've retired or cut back their work hours, or their children have flown the nest. So, how do we apply some of the TCC methodologies for athletes who have some more time available? Coach Adam Pulford coaches lots of athletes in this exact scenario, and he has the techniques and information you need.

TOPICS COVERED

• How to deepen your long ride
• How to become A Recovery Hero 
• How to add in Strength Training
• Finding Your Tribe

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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Website: trainright.com
Instagram: @cts_trainright
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OVERVIEW
Endurance athletes are accustomed to building Annual Training Plans for the phases of their sport-specific training, but are less familiar with building annual training plans for strength training.  If this is you, Episode 289 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast" features Coach Adam Pulford taking you through the steps of creating and managing your annual strength training plan. He breaks it down for novices/beginners, cyclists who are familiar/experienced in the gym, and athletes who do not have access to gym facilities. He also reveals what not to do in various parts of the season. 

TOPICS COVERED

• Three types of strength training for cyclists:
  • Novice/Beginner
  • Advanced, for Endurance Performance with Gym
  • Advanced, Endurance Performance, Limited Gym Equipment
• Strength training phases with recommended set and rep ranges
• Recommended strength exercise categories
• Why cyclists shouldn't get stuck in a hypertrophy phase
• What not to do when planning strength training as a cyclist
  
  

RESOURCES

• Podcast Copy - TCC ATP Periodization with Strength Training
• Concurrent exercise training: do opposites distract? - PMC 
• Community Resource Center | NASM 
• Heavy strength training effects on physiological determinants of endurance cyclist performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis
• Strength training strategies to improve endurance performance | miun.se
•  TCC Episodes on Strength Training: 
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000587336891
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-time-crunched-cyclist-podcast-by-cts/id1494799053?i=1000509610032
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000728212907

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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Twitter:

OVERVIEW
Annual Training Plans are big-picture, long term plans that map out training phases to bring the athlete into key races, events, or time periods with peak form and freshness, which helps optimize performance. For some, these can be fun to map out, especially if you like spreadsheets and planning. Others find it boring, confusing, time-consuming. Either way, in Episode 288 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast", Coach Adam Pulford takes you through the steps of creating and managing your annual training plan, and also reveals tricks of the trade to speed up the process and avoid common pitfalls.

TOPICS COVERED

• Mapping out your annual training plan
• Understanding periodization in training
• Utilizing TrainingPeaks for planning
• Common pitfalls in annual training plans

RESOURCES

• Podcast Copy - TCC ATP Periodization Plan
• The Comprehensive Guide to Creating an Annual Training Plan | TrainingPeaks
• Annual Training Plan Methodologies – TrainingPeaks Help Center
• Past Episode Explanations:
  • Episode #46 = Periodization, Training Modalties & Planning https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-time-crunched-cyclist-podcast-by-cts/id1494799053?i=1000514294530  
  • Episode #212 - SweetSpot vs Polarized Training (and other Modalities) Explained: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000668322894

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HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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Website: trainright.com
Instagram: @cts_trainright
Twitter: @trainright
Facebook: @CTSAthlete

OVERVIEW
The Holidays are just about over and the New Year is about to begin. If you had a ton of fun over the Holidays and you're feeling a bit soft around the middle and bit slower than you'd like, Coach Adam Pulford has some good news! You're fitness didn't disappear and those couple of extra pounds will likely melt away pretty quickly once you get back to normal training. If you've been piling on the miles over the past few weeks, he has some advice for how to start your year, too! All that, and a preview of what to expect in 2026 from CTS!

TOPICS COVERED

• Highlights of the 2025 Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcasts
• The truth about detraining and weight gain over the holidays
• What to do in the New Year if you just completed a big year-end training block
• What's changing with The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast for 2026!

RESOURCES

• Trainright Membership:
  • https://trainright.com/membership/
• Coaching Consults:
  • https://trainright.com/coaching-consultation/#
• Detraining Episode:
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000632564156
• Detraining Articles:
  • https://www.cyclingweekly.com/fitness/the-science-of-detraining-and-retraining
• Mental Health Episode(s):
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000555032338
  • https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/trainright-podcast/id1494799053?i=1000555032338
• About CTS:
  • https://trainright.com/about/

ASK A QUESTION FOR A FUTURE PODCAST

HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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OVERVIEW
Anaerobic capacity is the work you can do above your lactate threshold. Another term for it is Functional Reserve Capacity (FRC), and it acts like a battery that contains a finite amount of energy that runs out quickly and must be recharged before a subsequent use. FRC is your high-intensity, explosive power for winning sprints, creating breakaways, closing gaps, and riding competitors off your wheel. In the final episode in this series with WKO Data Leader and Coach Tim Cusick, Tim and CTS Coach Adam Pulford discuss what FRC is, how to train it, the consequences of focusing on FRC (you may have to sacrifice some FTP for it), and therefore when and how much FRC work to incorporate into your training plan.

Topics Covered In This Episode:

• Definitions of anaerobic capacity and functional reserve capacity (FRC)
• Anaerobic Capacity adaptation from 1-2 weeks of training
• Anaerobic Capacity adaptation from 2-5 weeks of training
• Why FRC training intensities must be SUPER HARD!
• Recommended interval workouts for FRC training
• When to incorporate FRC workouts into your training

Resources

• Tim at Basecamp: https://www.joinbasecamp.com/tim-cusick 
• Tim on IG https://www.instagram.com/tim.cusick_coach/
• Stress vs Strain: Difference Between Stress and Strain - GeeksforGeeks https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/physics/difference-between-stress-and-strain/

Guest Bio:

Tim Cusick is a world-class cycling coach, a leader in data analytics for endurance sports, an educator, and an innovative business leader. Tim works with Olympians, world champions, and more, including Amber Neben and Rebecca Rusch. As a data analytics leader, Tim is an acknowledged expert in the field for endurance athletes. He is the TrainingPeaks WKO product leader, 
codeveloper of WKO5, and Instructor: Advanced Training with Data. As an educator, Tim has presented at USA Cycling summits, TrainingPeaks Endurance Summits, TrainingPeaks University, and more. Tim is also the founder of BaseCamp, which is driven by Tim’s philosophy of bringing together the science of data and the art of coaching. His values-based approach focusing on shared vision and team building allows for the construction of dynamic and purposeful organization development.

HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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Website: trainright.com
Instagram: @cts_trainright
Twitter: @trainright
Facebook: @CTSAthlete

OVERVIEW
VO2 max or maximum aerobic capacity is your performance ceiling, but it is trainable and you can not only increase your VO2 max, but also the power you can produce at VO2 max, how long you can sustain that power, and the amount of work you can accomplish between lactate threshold and VO2 max. In Episode #285 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast", coaches Adam Pulford and Basecamp's Tim Cusick discuss how VO2 max training works, the workout specifics necessary to increase VO2 max, and how to turn training into speed for real-world performance. 

Topics Covered In This Episode:

• How VO2 max responds to training
• The relationship between lactate threshold, FTP, and VO2 max
• What to expect after 1-2 weeks of VO2 max training
• What to expect after 2-4 weeks and 4-8 weeks of VO2 max training
• How to know when you've done enough VO2 max training
• VO2 max workout structure: interval duration, total time-in-zone, frequency

Resources

• Tim at Basecamp: https://www.joinbasecamp.com/tim-cusick 
• Tim on IG https://www.instagram.com/tim.cusick_coach/
• Stress vs Strain: Difference Between Stress and Strain - GeeksforGeeks https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/physics/difference-between-stress-and-strain/

Guest Bio:

Tim Cusick is a world-class cycling coach, a leader in data analytics for endurance sports, an educator, and an innovative business leader. Tim works with Olympians, world champions, and more, including Amber Neben and Rebecca Rusch. As a data analytics leader, Tim is an acknowledged expert in the field for endurance athletes. He is the TrainingPeaks WKO product leader, 
codeveloper of WKO5, and Instructor: Advanced Training with Data. As an educator, Tim has presented at USA Cycling summits, TrainingPeaks Endurance Summits, TrainingPeaks University, and more. Tim is also the founder of BaseCamp, which is driven by Tim’s philosophy of bringing together the science of data and the art of coaching. His values-based approach focusing on shared vision and team building allows for the construction of dynamic and purposeful organization development.

HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

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Join our weekly newsletter

CONNECT WITH CTS

Website: trainright.com
Instagram: @cts_trainright
Twitter: @trainright
Facebook: @CTSAthlete

OVERVIEW
Following their episode on aerobic training, CTS Coach Adam Pulford and Tim Cusick (Head Coach at Basecamp and TrainingPeaks WKO Product Leader) dig into Functional Threshold Power (FTP) training in Episode #284 of "The Time-Crunched Cyclist Podcast". This is one of the clearest, accessible, and practical explanations of FTP training you'll ever hear. They talk about what's happening in your body, how long each phase of FTP training should take, what interval durations/frequencies/intensities to use, and what adaptations to expect if you're a relative beginner cyclist or a very experienced athlete.

Topics Covered In This Episode:

• You are not your FTP!
• What's happening in the first 2-4 weeks of FTP Training?
• What you'll feel after 2-4 weeks of FTP Training
• What's happening 4-8 weeks into FTP Training?
• Diminishing returns after 10-12 weeks of FTP Training
• Training intensity ranges for FTP workouts
• Recommended durations for FTP intervals
• Frequency of FTP Workouts per week

Resources

• Tim at Basecamp: https://www.joinbasecamp.com/tim-cusick 
• Tim on IG https://www.instagram.com/tim.cusick_coach/
• Stress vs Strain: Difference Between Stress and Strain - GeeksforGeeks https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/physics/difference-between-stress-and-strain/

Guest Bio:

Tim Cusick is a world-class cycling coach, a leader in data analytics for endurance sports, an educator, and an innovative business leader. Tim works with Olympians, world champions, and more, including Amber Neben and Rebecca Rusch. As a data analytics leader, Tim is an acknowledged expert in the field for endurance athletes. He is the TrainingPeaks WKO product leader, 
codeveloper of WKO5, and Instructor: Advanced Training with Data. As an educator, Tim has presented at USA Cycling summits, TrainingPeaks Endurance Summits, TrainingPeaks University, and more. Tim is also the founder of BaseCamp, which is driven by Tim’s philosophy of bringing together the science of data and the art of coaching. His values-based approach focusing on shared vision and team building allows for the construction of dynamic and purposeful organization development.

HOST
Adam Pulford has been a CTS Coach for nearly two decades and holds a B.S. in Exercise Physiology. He's participated in and coached hundreds of athletes for endurance events all around the world.

Listen to the episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google Podcasts, or on your favorite podcast platform

GET FREE TRAINING CONTENT

Join our weekly newsletter

CONNECT WITH CTS

Website: trainright.com
Instagram: @cts_trainright
Twitter: @trainright
Facebook: @CTSAthlete