通勤學英語 15Mins Today

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K135: How Common Mental Shortcuts Can Cause Major Physician Errors

It’s tempting to believe that physicians are logical, meticulous thinkers who perfectly weigh the pros and cons of treatment options, acting as unbiased surrogates for their patients.

我們想要相信，醫師是有邏輯、小心謹慎的思考者，完美衡量治療選項的好與壞，以無偏見的病患代理人之姿行動。

In reality, this is often far from the case. Bias, which takes many forms, affects how doctors think and the treatment decisions they make.

現實卻往往遠非如此。偏見會以許多形式出現，影響醫師的思考，以及對治療所做的決定。

Racial biases in treatment decisions by physicians are well documented. One study found that black patients were significantly less likely than white patients to receive pain medication in the emergency department, despite reporting similar levels of pain. Other research suggests that long-standing racial biases among providers might have contributed to racial differences in patient trust in the health system.

醫師做治療決定時的種族偏見已有多案可考。一項研究發現，比起白人病患，黑人病患在急診部門比較不容易被施予止痛藥，即使自述的疼痛程度相當。另有研究指出，醫療提供者間長期存在種族偏見，可能是病患對醫療系統的信賴出現種族差異的原因。

But a growing body of scientific research on physician decision-making shows that doctors exhibit other biases as well — cognitive ones — that influence the way they think and treat patients. These biases lead doctors to make the same mistakes as the rest of us, but usually at a greater cost.

但是，針對內科醫師醫療決定而增加中的科學研究顯示，醫師也表現出認知類型的其他偏見，影響他們思考及治療患者的方式。這些偏見使醫師犯下和我們其他人一樣的錯誤，代價通常卻更大。

Cognitive biases refer to a range of systematic errors in human decision-making stemming from the tendency to use mental shortcuts.

認知偏見指人類做決定時的一些系統性錯誤，源自於使用心理捷徑的偏好。

Prominent examples include confirmation bias, the tendency to interpret new information in a way favorable to one’s preconceptions; and anchoring, the tendency to overly weight an initial piece of information, even when order does not matter. Anchoring helps explain why if you see a car priced at $20,000 and a second car priced at $8,000, you might conclude the second car is cheap, whereas if the first car cost $3,000 you might conclude that the second car is expensive.

顯著的例子包括「確認偏誤」，指一個人偏好以先入為主的想法，解釋新訊息的傾向，還有定錨，指過度重視初始資訊的傾向，即使訊息順序並不重要。定錨可解釋為何當你先看到定價2萬美元的車，再看到標價8000美元的車時，你可能會認為第二輛比較划算，然而若第一輛車要價3000美元，你可能認定第二輛賣得太貴。

In health care, such unconscious biases can lead to disparate treatment of patients and can affect whether similar patients live or die.

在醫療中，這些沒有意識到的偏見會使病患得到完全不同的治療，也會影響病情相似的患者是死是活。

Sometimes these cognitive biases are simple overreactions to recent events, what psychologists term availability bias. One study found that when patients experienced an unlikely adverse side effect of a drug, their doctor was less likely to order that same drug for the next patient whose condition might call for it, even though the efficacy and appropriateness of the drug had not changed.

有些時候，這些認知偏見就只是對新近事件的過度反應，心理學家稱之為「現成偏誤」。一項研究發現，若病患使用某種藥物發生意料之外的有害副作用，他們的醫師就較不可能開同一種藥給也許需要它的下一個病人，儘管這個藥物的效力和適用性並未改變。

A similar study found that when mothers giving birth experienced an adverse event, their obstetrician was more likely to switch delivery modes for the next patient (C-section vs. vaginal delivery), regardless of the appropriateness for that next patient. This cognitive bias resulted in both higher spending and worse outcomes.

一項類似的研究發現，當分娩的產婦經歷一個不好的突發事件，她們的產科醫師比較有可能為下一位病人改變分娩方式（剖腹生產或陰道分娩），而非考慮下一位病人的適用情況。這個認知偏見同時導致更高的支出與更糟糕的後果。

Source article: https://udn.com/news/story/6904/4433229

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K134: Too Many Households Are Short on Emergency Savings

Six weeks of take-home pay.

六周的實質薪資。

That’s how much cash families should aim to set aside to ride out gyrations in their income and expenses, a new analysis from JPMorgan Chase’s research arm finds.

The recommendation, based on an analysis of millions of Chase checking accounts, is considerably less than the traditional rule of thumb of three to six months of take-home pay.

摩根大通研究單位的一項新分析發現，一個家庭在收入與支出出現狀況時要能安然度過，這是必須存下的金額。

這項建議是以對摩根大通數百萬個支票帳戶的分析為根據，比起傳統經驗法則要存三至六個月分的實質收入，少了很多。

But even so, most households fall short, the report found: About two-thirds lack the recommended buffer.

但是即使如此，大多數家庭存款仍然不足，這分報告發現，大約三分之二家庭缺乏建議的預備存款。

To cushion against a simultaneous spike in expenses and dip in income, a middle-income family needs about $5,000 in a rainy-day fund but has just $2,000 — a gap of $3,000. Lower-income families need about $2,500 but have just $700.

為了因應同時發生的支出飆升及收入驟減，一個中等收入家庭約需要5000美元應急資金，但實際上只有2000美元， 少了3000美元。低收入家庭約需2500美元，實際上卻只有700美元。

The findings were part of a report on income volatility that the JPMorgan Chase Institute published late last month. The report examined inflows and outflows from 6 million active checking accounts over a period of about six years that ended in December.

這些發現可見於摩根大通研究所上個月底發表的收入波動報告之中。這分報告檢視至去年12月為止的大約六年期間內，600萬個使用中的支票帳戶的存入和支出金額。

Americans’ lack of emergency savings has been a concern for years. The Pew Charitable Trusts found in 2015 that many families lacked funds to cover a $2,000 expense. And the Federal Reserve has repeatedly found that a significant share of households would struggle to cope with an unexpected $400 expense.

美國人缺乏應急儲蓄多年來一直令人引以為憂。匹優慈善信託2015年發現，許多家庭缺少支應一筆2000美元開銷的儲蓄。而且聯邦準備理事會也一再發現，相當比例的家庭應付突如其來的400美元支出會有困難。

But in the current long period of economic growth and low unemployment, it is especially frustrating that many families continue to lack a cash buffer, according to a report last month from the AARP Public Policy Institute. The AARP found that more than half of American households (53%) lacked an emergency savings account, including a majority of people over age 50.

但是，根據美國退休人員協會公共政策研究所（AARP）上個月的報告，在目前長期的經濟成長和低失業率下，許多家庭依然缺少應急現金令人洩氣。該協會發現，超過半數（53%）的美國家庭沒有應急儲蓄帳戶，包括大多數50歲以上民眾。

While it’s easier for more affluent people to save, some low-income families do manage to set aside money while higher-income families do not, the AARP found. For instance, a quarter of Americans earning more than $150,000 a year have no emergency savings account, the report found.

AARP發現，雖然手頭較寬裕者存錢更容易，卻有一些低收入家庭仍能努力存下了錢，一些高收入家庭反倒沒有。這分報告發現，舉例來說，一年收入超過15萬美元的美國人中，有四分之一沒有應緊儲蓄帳戶。

Regardless of their income, families with no emergency savings are more likely to suffer financial hardship, said Catherine S. Harvey, the author of the AARP report.

AARP報告的作者凱薩琳．哈維說，不論收入多寡，沒有應急存款的家庭都更可能陷入財務困境。

Harvey cautioned that just because people didn’t have a specific emergency savings account didn’t mean they lacked a plan to deal with unexpected expenses — even if it was borrowing from relatives and friends. But it’s clear, she said, that more must be done to promote emergency savings to make families more financially resilient.

哈維提醒我們，沒有特定應急儲蓄帳戶並不表示沒有應付意外支出的計畫，包括向親友借錢。不過她同時指出，顯而易見的是，我們必須更積極推廣應急儲蓄的觀念，讓所有家庭財務更靈活強靭。

Emergency savings are “necessary to meet the obvious issues that arise on a consistent basis for all of us, whether it’s costs for our home, car or health,” said George Barany, director of America Saves, a campaign that is managed by the Consumer Federation of America.

應急存款「對我們所有人應付經常出現的明顯問題而言，都是必要的，不論是我們住家、車子或醫療的花費。」美國消費者協會旗下的「美國存錢」活動執行長巴拉尼說。Source article: https://udn.com/news/story/6904/4169559

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K133: About Taiwan- Taiwan ranked No. 1 by expats in 2021 ‘year of uncertainty’

台灣在最新的調查中以先進的醫療體系和良好的生活品質成為2021年外籍人士生活和工作的首選國家。

Taiwan has been ranked the number 1 place to live and work in 2021 by expats worldwide on Tuesday, mainly due to its great medical care and quality of life.

根據彭博社報導，此項調查為總部在慕尼黑、由400萬名外籍人士組成的網路組織InterNations所進行的，而結果顯示在接受調查的12,420位外國人中，近96%的對台灣的醫療品質感到滿意。

According to Bloomberg, the survey conducted by InterNations, a Munich-based network consisting of about 4 million expats, showed that 96% of the 12,420 expats surveyed were happy with the quality of care in Taiwan.

此文章點出外籍人士認為，台灣的就業安全和當地經濟都遠遠勝出其他國家。

The article explained that expats were reported to felt more satisfaction regarding job security and the overall local economies than those in other places.

此報告更以生活費、定居的難易度和整體生活品質作為調查項目，並顯示出94%的在台外籍人士對於台灣的物價感到非常滿意。

The report, which also ranked categories such as cost of living, ease of settling in, and overall quality of life, showed that 94% of expats in Taiwan are happy with its affordability.

除此之外，沒有一任何一位受訪的外籍人士認為台灣不安全，其中一位受調者更表示「台灣的健保系統真的將病人視為人類而非數據而已。」

In addition, not one single expat surveyed said they felt unsafe in Taiwan, and one surveyor added that “Taiwan’s healthcare system truly considers people as human beings instead of mere numbers.” 

台灣在「定居簡易度」中被排在第13名，但以「友善程度」大大勝出，成功奪冠。 

Taiwan ranked slightly lower in the “ease of settling in” category at the 13th place but was compensated with its “friendliness” rank, landing the top spot. 

相對而言，美國在這「不穩定的一年」於生活品質和生活費用兩項皆獲得較低的評分。 

Comparatively, the U.S. received low scores for quality of life and cost of living during the “year of uncertainty.” 

彭博社寫道：「外籍人士表示他們對醫療系統的某些部分感到厭惡；僅20%的人表示對生活費感到滿意，而19%的人也大大抨擊當地的醫療照顧體制。」 

“Expats reported a distaste for some elements of the health-care system: Just 20% were satisfied with its affordability, and 19% say the quality of care is negative,” Bloomberg reported

Next

唐鳳推「簡訊實聯制」日本爆紅！日網羨炸喊：想搬去台灣 Japanese praise Taiwan’s new contact tracing system

台灣本土疫情嚴峻，昨（19）天又增加267名本土確診案例，中央流行疫情指揮中心也宣布全台進入防疫三級警戒，民眾出入商家、搭乘大眾交通運輸工具時，因配合政府防疫，開始實施「實聯制」。

With the continuous spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, the Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC, 中央流行疫情指揮中心) confirmed on Wednesday 267 new local COVID-19 cases.

In addition, the CECC announced that all parts of Taiwan will raise its epidemic warning to level 3.

Following government regulations, people now need to provide their real names and contact information whenever they enter or leave a store or take mass transportation.

對此，行政院科技政委唐鳳更火速推出「簡訊實聯制」，短短幾秒就可以成功登記個人資料，解決民眾使用上的不便，消息曝光掀起日本網友熱議。

In this regard, Minister without Portfolio Audrey Tang, quickly launched a “text message real-name registration system,” which can successfully register personal data in just a few seconds, making it more convenient for the public.

消息曝光之後，立刻有日本網友將台灣「簡訊實聯制」方式轉貼至推特分享，立刻引發高度討論，日本網友紛紛回應「工作效率真的好快！」「好羨慕台灣啊」、「真想搬去住台灣」、「也幫助日本吧>

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K132: Taking Trips That Mean Something 

Carol Sullivan awoke recently in Cuenca, Ecuador, excited for the day ahead. She was in the second week of her study abroad experience, and after Spanish class, she and her fellow students were going to the local market to buy dinner ingredients and practice their new language skills.“The local women may be aghast at how little we know but are very willing to let us try,” Sullivan said. She and her husband, Terry, who is also her classmate, are in their early 70s.The Sullivans are part of a trend among adult travelers, who show a growing interest in going to class, volunteering or working abroad as part of their experience.

卡蘿．蘇利文最近在厄瓜多的昆卡市醒來，對將要展開的這一天感到興奮。這是她出國留學體驗的第二周，上完西班牙文課後，她和同學要去當地市場購買晚餐食材，並操練他們新習得的語言能力。蘇利文說：「本地的婦女可能對我們會得如此之少目瞪口呆，但非常樂意讓我們嚐試。」 她的丈夫泰瑞是她的同班同學，兩人都70歲出頭。蘇利文夫婦代表著成年旅客一種新趨勢，他們對到國外上課、當志工或工作，讓它成為生活經驗的一部分，興趣越來越高。

Older travelers often want to continue to learn and have an impact on the world, said Andrew Gordon, who founded the company Diversity Abroad 12 years ago. “They want their travel to have meaning,” he said. Gordon’s company connects and does advocacy work for nontraditional students who want to study overseas.Road Scholar, which organized the Sullivans’ program, began as an organization offering not-for-credit classes on university campuses for adults age 60 and over. Now it offers what it calls educational travel adventures worldwide. Travelers may focus on a particular ecosystem they are visiting, attend class on a college campus or, in a twist on the Semester at Sea concept, spend 115 days on an ocean liner circling the globe with experts delving into destinations’ histories and cultures. All adults are welcomed, but the audience typically skews older and the average age of a “road scholar” is 70.

12年前創立「海外多元文化」公司的安德魯．戈登說，年長旅行者往往希望能繼續學習，並對世界產生影響。 他說：「他們希望他們的旅行能有意義。」戈登的公司專替那些想到外國學習的非傳統學生負責中間的連繫與宣傳工作。主辦蘇利文夫婦出國學習計畫的「道路學者」成立之初，是個提供60歲以上成人大學校園非學分制課程的組織。現在該組織提供他們所謂的全球教育性旅行冒險。旅行者可能聚焦於他們造訪的某個特定生態系統，在某個大學校園上課，或是新一種的「海上學期」概念，花115天搭乘郵輪，和專家一起繞世界一周，鑽研所到目的地的歷史與文化。所有成人都歡迎報名，不過愛好者年齡通常偏高，「道路學者」的平均年齡是70歲。

The organization is a nonprofit and offers family caregiver grants and other scholarships.JoAnn Bell, the senior vice president of program development at Road Scholar, said that adults studying abroad, like their college-age counterparts, value the time in a foreign country’s culture as much or more than academic instruction.“We had seen a decline in enrollment for programs heavily weighted to classroom time,” Bell said. “People want to get out and experience the country for themselves.” Stopping for a croissant and chatting with the neighborhood cafe owner every morning on the way to class was just as important as the class, she said.

該組織屬非營利性質，提供家庭照顧者獎助金和其他獎學金。「道路學者」的體驗班開發高級副總裁喬安．貝爾說，這些到外國留學的成人，和大學生年紀的留學生一樣，對於浸淫在外國文化中的這段時間十分珍惜，程度不在接受學術教學之下，甚至猶有過之。貝爾說：「我們看到課堂時間比例偏重的一些計畫報名人數開始下降。人們希望走出教室，自己體驗這個國家。」她說，每天早上上課途中，停下腳購買可頌麵包，和附近咖啡館的老闆聊聊天，和上課一樣重要。Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/326673/web/

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每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

精選詞彙 VOCAB Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab

語音直播 15mins Live Podcast, 就在https://www.15mins.today/15mins-live-podcast

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K131: About Japan - Yakult to launch pop-up ice cream store with 7 limited-edition flavors in Japan

發源於日本的飲品「養樂多」（Yakult）不僅好喝又有益腸道蠕動，清爽味道老少咸宜，深受各年齡層民眾的喜愛。不僅如此，這款飲料還經常與其他飲品結合碰撞出新鮮口味，如養樂多燒酒、養樂多綠茶等。

Yakult, a classic drink originated from Japan that is not only tasty but also helps one’s digestive system, has won over the hearts of people of all ages with its refreshing taste.

The drink is often combined with other beverages to create new flavors, such as Yakult soju and Yakult Bubble Tea.

而現在，一間日本甜點店將推出一系列養樂多甜品，令粉絲們相當期待。

Starting next month, a Japanese dessert store will take the popular drink to another level by launching a series of Yakult-flavored desserts, making fans quite excited.

這間位於日本澀谷區（Shibuya）的甜點店「Imada Kitchen」與養樂多合作，將推出一間快閃冰淇淋店，提供7種融合養樂多口味的限量的冰品。

Located in Shibuya, Japan, the dessert store Imada Kitchen has announced plans to collaborate with Yakult and launch a pop-up store offering 7 limited-edition Yakult-inspired desserts.

冰品的口感提供多樣選擇，包括冰淇淋、雪酪、霜淇淋、百匯（parfait）等，如果你不想用吃的，也可以選擇養樂多奶昔。

The desserts offer a variety of textures, including ice cream, sherbet, soft serve, and parfait. For those who would rather have a drink instead of a dessert, Yakult shake will be the best option.

令粉絲期待的是，每一款冰品都會附上一個超可愛的瓶裝養樂多造型餅乾。

To the delight of the fans, each dessert comes with a cute Yakult bottle-inspired cookie on top.

店面將於6月1日開始營業至8月1日。

The pop-up store will open from June 1 to August 1.

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日本推魔術方塊麵訓練腦力　網友直呼：越玩越餓！ | Japanese company launches ‘tasty’ Rubik’s cube modeled after instant noodles

待在家裡不知道要做什麼？日本三間公司非常了解在家隔離有多無趣，近期便推出了一系列的魔術方塊，然而此方塊卻是以泡麵的設計為出發點，讓人越玩越餓。

Stuck inside your house with nothing to do? A Japanese company understands just how bored one can get under quarantine and recently launched a Rubik’s cube modeled after instant noodles.

根據外國媒體報導，Maruchan泡麵公司與日本玩具公司Mega House和魔術方塊一同打造出這有趣的玩具造型。

According to foreign media, famed noodle-making company Maruchan, teamed up with Japanese toy company Mega House, and Rubik’s Cube to release the interestingly designed toy.

包裝就如同一般泡麵一樣，玩家打開後可以見到一個方形的「泡麵」和湯包樣的說明書。

Boxed in a bowl just like an ordinary Maruchan’s Akai Kitsune Udon instant noodle, recipients will open up to find the puzzle and a “soup packet” instruction book.

外媒報導點出，除了泡麵魔術方塊最上方有一個「配料」設計外，其他五面都長得一模一樣。

Foreign media reports that the instant noodle Rubik’s cube, sitting atop the block in its finished form is a “topping“ design, while the other sides are left completely bare, making it entirely noodles.

這使得此魔術方塊比一般的更難解，因為只會有一個方法讓所有的「配料」歸位。

This essentially makes it harder to solve as there’s only a single way for all the blocks to be arranged so that the “toppings” will face the top.

嘗試過的玩家也表示過程中經常無法辨別自己到底是不是快要成功解開魔術方塊，直到其中一塊「配料」卡回原位。

Those who have given it a try claim there’s no way to tell if you’re getting closer to solving a “noodle” side until a tempura-topping piece is locked into the perfect position on top. Source article: https://chinapost.nownews.com/20210525-2514179;https://chinapost.nownews.com/20210521-2500051

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Topic: Mom Sells Tomatoes as Her Son Seeks Tennis Titles

It should have been one of the happiest times of Yu Te Tseng’s life. But Tseng, the father of the world’s best male junior tennis player, lowered his head and put his right hand to his eyes, trying to stem the flow of tears.

這本該是曾育德一生中最幸福的時刻之一。但這位世界最佳青少年男子網球手的父親，卻低下了頭，把右手放到眼睛上，努力想要止住淚流。

He was sitting in a garden at the United States Open in September after his son, Chun Hsin, had won another big match. But while a friend patted him on the back, Tseng needed more than a minute to compose himself and explain his sadness.

那是9月在美網的球場，兒子俊欣又贏了一場大賽之後。當一位朋友拍了拍他的背時，曾育德用了不止一分鐘來收拾情緒，解釋他為何傷心。

For years, Tseng has coached his son, 17, who plans to turn professional at a tournament in Hong Kong at the end of the month. For years, father and son have traveled the globe while Chun Hsin, also known as Jason, soared from a working class background in Taipei, Taiwan, to the top of the junior tennis rankings.

多年來，曾育德一直給兒子當教練，17歲的他計劃在那個月底的香港錦標賽上轉為職業球員。多年來，父子二人輾轉世界各地，兒子俊欣（英文名Jason）從台北的工薪階層背景，躍至青少年網球排名的冠軍。

He tore through the competition in 2018, reaching the final of the Australian Open junior singles tournament in January and winning the French Open junior title in June and Wimbledon’s in July. He was also a semifinalist in the U.S. Open boys event, and finished the year as the No. 1 junior.

2018年的賽事他一路過關斬將，1月份殺進澳洲網球公開賽青少年組男單決賽，6月份贏得法國網球公開賽青少年組男單冠軍，7月份溫布頓奪冠。他還是美國網球公開賽青少年組的半決賽選手，年終成為世界排名第一的青少年選手。

But while he was achieving all that with his father by his side, Tseng’s mother remained in Taipei, running the family’s small food stand and looking after his 15-year-old brother, Yun Di Tseng.

在父親的陪伴下取得所有這些成績的同時，他的母親仍在台北，一邊料理家裡的小吃攤，一邊照顧他15歲的弟弟曾允帝。

For his mother, Chung Han Tsai, the heavy workload has taken a toll.The family owns a stall at the Lehua night market in Taipei, where they sell tanghulu, a treat made of glazed fruit and tomatoes on a stick. They stay on their feet from 4 p.m. until 1 a.m., with hardly a moment to spare for a break.

對母親蔡仲涵來說，工作的重擔讓她付出了代價。一家人在台北樂華夜市有個小攤位，他們在那裡賣糖葫蘆，這是一種用蜜餞和串在棍子上的番茄製成的小吃。他們從下午4點一直站到凌晨1點，幾乎沒有片刻的休息。

Tseng first played tennis at age 5 with his father, who likes to be called Ed. Within a few years, Jason had demonstrated unusual talent, and his father discovered that his night job was suddenly an advantage. It enabled him to train his son during the day.

曾俊欣第一次打網球是5歲時和父親，後者喜歡別人叫他埃德(Ed)。短短几年裡，曾俊欣就展現出了不同尋常的天賦，他的父親發現自己的夜間工作突然成為了優勢。這份工作能讓他白天訓練兒子。

On a typical day, Ed Tseng would work at the night market and get to sleep around 2 a.m. He would wake up three and a half hours later for early-morning practices, after which he and his son would return home, shower and prepare for school. The father would then sleep a bit more before rejoining his son for afternoon practice. Then it was back to work with his wife.

通常，曾育德晚上在夜市上班，然後凌晨兩點左右上床睡覺。三個半小時後，他要起床去進行晨練，之後他和兒子回家，洗澡、準備上學。曾育德會再補一點覺，然後下午再和兒子一起練球。之後就和妻子再回去上班。

On some nights, Jason and his brother would make the five-minute walk from their home to join their parents at the market, doing their homework there or pitching in by peeling tomatoes. But Jason’s focus and dreams were always on tennis.“In that moment, I don’t have a lot of time to go out with friends and do relaxing things,” he said. “I was always working, working. That is how the professional player has to do it.”

在有些晚上，曾俊欣和弟弟會從家裡走路五分鐘，去夜市和父母在一起，他們在那裡做功課，或是幫忙給番茄剝皮。但曾俊欣的關注點和夢想一直都是網球。「在那一刻，我沒有很多時間和朋友出去玩、放鬆，」他說。「我一直都在練球、練球。這就是職業球員必須要做的。」

Jason Tseng said he does not really like the treats his parents sell. He prefers ice cream, although he eliminated it from his training diet. He indulged in his favorite treat twice recently, though: to celebrate winning the French Open and Wimbledon junior titles.

曾俊欣說，他不怎麼喜歡父母賣的那些小吃。他更喜歡冰激淋，儘管他把它從訓練飲食裡去掉了。但近期，他放縱地吃了兩次自己最愛的零食：為了慶祝自己獲得法國公開賽和溫布頓青少年冠軍。

Tsai could not make those trips. She remained in Taipei, selling tanghulu. But when Jason plays, Ed sends her updates. In a recent email, he said his wife told him that Jason’s victories buoyed her spirit, making her stand stronger in the moment.

蔡仲涵不能一起前往巡迴賽。她得留在台北賣糖葫蘆。但每當曾俊欣打球時，埃德會發給她最新情況。在近期的一封郵件裡，他說妻子告訴他，曾俊欣的勝利激勵了她的精神，讓她變得更堅強。

But the arrangement is no longer tenable with her physical condition. Tsai needs rest to recover, and Ed said this week that in the spring, the family plans to shutter the business. Legally, it cannot be sold, just closed. But now that Jason will be earning some money on tour, the investment in his future may pay off and the financial burden eased.

但她的身體狀況無法應付這種安排了。蔡仲涵需要休息才能恢復身體，曾育德本週說，明年春天的時候，他們計劃關掉攤位。從法律層面來說，它不能被賣掉，只能關張。但如今曾俊欣會在巡迴賽上賺到些錢，對他未來的投資可能會有回報，也能減輕家裡的經濟負擔。Source article: https://cn.nytimes.com/sports/20181227/chun-hsin-tseng-taiwan/zh-hant/dual/

Next

Topic: Gaming’s New Lifestyle:Less Pizza, More Yoga

The squats and leg lifts were harder than they looked, and after a few sets, Alfonso Aguirre Rodriguez placed his hands on his knees and attempted to compose himself.

深蹲和抬腿動作比看起來要困難，做了幾組後，阿方索．艾吉瑞．羅德里蓋茲把手放在膝蓋上，試著讓自己放鬆。

In November, Aguirre, a 24-year-old professional video game player from Spain, joined the five-man roster of Origen, a League of Legends team that competes in the game’s top European league. The players — all signed in late fall — were told at the time that the team might be run a bit differently from what they were accustomed to.

24歲的艾吉瑞是西班牙的電子競技（電競）職業選手，去年11月加入五人組成的奧里根戰隊，這是一支在電玩「英雄聯盟」歐洲頂尖聯盟中競賽的隊伍。該隊選手－全於去年秋季末尾簽約加入－當時即被告知，這支隊伍的運作方式也許會和他們習慣的有些不同。

Now here they were, five young men who make their living sitting almost completely still in front of desktop computers, sweating through an hourlong workout in a cramped gym.

現在，眼前就是這麼五個靠著坐在桌上電腦前幾乎全不移動來維生的年輕男子，他們正在一間狹窄的健身房裡汗流浹背地鍛鍊一小時。

“I think I’m going to puke my oatmeal,” said Aguirre, who is known in the gaming community as Mithy. “I’m dying.”

「我覺得我快把燕麥片吐出來了。」艾吉瑞說，他在電玩社群中被喚作米西。「我快死了。」

Some years ago, traditional sports leagues were revolutionized by young analysts wielding computers. The way things had always been done, it turned out, was not always the best way to do things. Now echoes of that transformation have arrived in the growing world of professional e-sports, where gamers are being shepherded toward a new frontier, oddly, by the old, corporeal wisdom of traditional sports.

數年前，傳統運動聯盟被使用電腦的年輕分析家給顛覆了。事實證明，人們一向用來做事情的方法，並非永遠是最好的方法。現在這項轉變的迴響已觸及成長中的職競世界，說也奇怪，選手們竟被傳統運動的古老、肉體智慧引向新的領域。

The debate about whether competitive gamers can be considered athletes may never end. In the meantime, though, gamers are increasingly acting like them.

關於電競選手能否被視為運動員的爭論，恐怕永遠不會停止。而於此同時，玩家的作為卻越來越像運動員了。

Origen is one of two teams owned by Rfrsh Entertainment, an e-sports company based in Copenhagen. Two years ago, the organization hired Kasper Hvidt, a former captain of Denmark’s national handball team, to be its sporting director. Hvidt, 43, had no previous exposure to gaming. But that was the point.

奧里根是以哥本哈根為據點的電競公司「更新娛樂」旗下兩支隊伍之一，兩年前，這家公司雇用丹麥手球國家隊前隊長卡斯伯．赫維特為運動總監。43歲的赫維特以前不曾接觸過電玩，但這正是重點。

E-sports in recent years have crept into the mainstream, attracting new fans, new sponsors and new investment. The top professionals now make six-figure salaries and earn even more with endorsements and prize money. And yet, Hvidt observed, their approach to performance remained amateurish.

近年電競已打入主流，吸引新粉絲、新贊助商和新投資。頂尖職業選手現在可賺進六位數薪水，而且靠代言和競賽獎金還能賺更多。不過赫維特說，選手優化表現的方法仍然很不專業。

Eating right, sleeping right, exercising, cleaning up for sponsors — these ideas have undergirded traditional sports for generations. In e-sports, they are regarded as almost radical.

吃得對、睡得好、做運動、為贊助商打理好門面－這些想法數個世代以來支撐著傳統運動。但在電競界，卻被視為近乎激進。

“They don’t look at themselves as physical human beings,” said Hvidt, who won the European handball championship with Denmark in 2008.

「他們並未視自己為活生生的人類。」2008年帶領丹麥隊贏得歐洲手球錦標賽冠軍的赫維特說。

“It’s common sense, in a way. But with them, it was not.”

「這多少可算是常識了，對他們來說卻並非如此。」

Next

Topic: Why the Philippines Is a Hoops Haven

Go to any street corner in the Philippines. Any village. Any beach. Even a church. You’re likely to see a basketball jersey.

在菲律賓隨便去到哪個街角，哪個村落，哪個海灘，甚至哪個教堂，你應該都會看到籃球衣。

“It’s often described as a religion,” Carlo Roy Singson, managing director of NBA Philippines, said in an interview.

美國國家籃球協會（NBA）菲律賓分會總監辛松受訪時說：「大家常說，籃球就是菲律賓人的宗教。」

Indeed, basketball is ingrained in Filipino culture and has been for more than a century.

The sport’s permeation of a country of about 105 million began in the late 1800s, when Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States in 1898 after the Spanish-American War.

的確，籃球在菲律賓文化扎根已超過一個世紀。 籃球於19世紀末傳入這個目前有一億零五百萬人口的國家，終至遍布每個角落。1898年西班牙在美西戰爭中戰敗，把菲律賓割讓給美國。

A large facet of the introduction of the fledgling game was Christian missionaries, who were part of the YMCA, or Young Men’s Christian Association. The game’s inventor, Dr. James Naismith, conceived of the sport at what was then known as the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.

籃球這個新興運動傳入菲律賓，很大一部分是靠基督教傳教士，這些傳教士是基督教國際社會服務團體「基督教青年會」（YMCA）的成員。籃球發明人奈史密斯博士就是在美國麻州春田市當時名為「國際YMCA訓練學校」的地方，想出籃球這種運動。

To take a round object and throw it into a peach hoop, as Naismith pictured it, could be a character-building endeavor. Soon after he invented it, missionaries began spreading it around the world, particularly in the Far East and the Philippines, in U.S.-controlled areas — a kind of sports imperialism.

奈史密斯設想，拿起一個球形物並將它丟進一個桃木筐，這種努力過程可以培養品格。在他發明籃球後不久，傳教士開始把這種運動傳布到世界各地，尤其是美國控制的遠東地區和菲律賓，算是一種運動殖民。

The NBA and its players, recognizing the sport’s popularity in the Philippines, have invested time there in recent years. In 2013, the Houston Rockets and the Indiana Pacers played a preseason game there. According to a spokesman for the league, the NBA’s Facebook page has 7.3 million followers from the Philippines, the largest of any country outside of the United States.

NBA及其運動員認識到籃球在菲律賓大受歡迎，近年在菲律賓投入許多時間。2013年，休士頓火箭隊和印第安納溜馬隊在菲律賓打了場季前賽。根據NBA發言人的說法，NBA臉書專頁有730萬名粉絲來自菲律賓，菲律賓是美國之外最大的粉絲來源國。

This all began in the early 1900s, when basketball was introduced into schools in the Philippines. In 1913, the first Far Eastern Championship Games — an early version of what is now known as the Asian Games — took place in Manila, featuring several East Asian countries taking part in Olympics-style competitions, including basketball.

這一切全始於20世紀初，當時籃球傳入菲律賓各級學校。1913年，亞洲運動會前身、第一屆遠東運動會在馬尼拉舉行，幾個東亞國家參與奧運式的競賽，包括籃球。

It was the first of 10 biennial events, before disagreements between the countries disbanded the games. The Philippines won gold in nine of them.

遠東運動會兩年一次，總共辦過十次，後來因為各國意見不合而停辦。菲律賓在其中九次贏得籃球金牌。

The country’s population took to the sport en masse. In 1936, its national team made the Olympics and finished fifth. At the 1954 FIBA World Championship, the Philippines won a bronze medal, the best finish for an Asian country.

菲律賓舉國上下都愛上籃球。1936年，菲律賓國家隊打進奧運並拿下第五名。在1954年世界杯男籃錦標賽中，菲律賓贏得銅牌，寫下亞洲國家最佳成績。

Two decades later, in 1975, the Philippine Basketball Association, Asia’s first basketball league, was created. These games kept the sport at the forefront of Filipino culture and helped grow interest throughout the 20th century.

20年後，1975年，菲律賓職業籃球聯賽開打，是亞洲第一個職業籃球聯賽。這些比賽讓籃球處在菲律賓文化的重要位置，並在整個20世紀激發菲律賓人對籃球的興趣。Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/341713/web/#2L-15029994L

Hello通勤家族，歡迎收聽15mins Live Podcast直播，在這個新單元可以聽到直播過程中，我的主題分享以及聽眾互動。在這個單元我會用中英文與大家互動，也會跟直播聽眾做當場的 Q and A，幫助解惑與點出學英語的技巧。

未來的週一晚上9pm，會在Mixerbox App與大家進行互動與輕鬆地談些英語學習相關的議題，有空的通勤家族歡迎到Mixerbox與John老師在線上聊聊。

我這一集分享的的主題是，來收集英語十二星座，shownotes裡有簡易大綱給你參考，有任何相關意見或點子，歡迎寫信到[email protected]。 

簡易大綱

收集英語12星座   The 12 Star signs / 12 Zodiacs

- 在台灣聊天時，常用到閒聊到的主題會是星座，血型。其實外國人在閒聊的時候不愛？WHY? 

- 能不能從星座學英語單字？

- 星座文字古Latin文居多，動物跟人物角色 

十二星座單字與個性特質

- Capricorn（the Goat）：摩羯座 12／22~1／20

Traits特質: stubborn固執 

- Aquarius（the Water Carrier）：水瓶座 1／21~2／18

Traits特質:Independent 獨立 

- Pisces（the Fishes）：雙魚座 2／19~3／20

Traits特質: overly trusting過分信任別人 

- Aries（the Ram）：牡羊座 3／21~4／20

Traits特質: impulsive衝動 

- Taurus（the Bull）：金牛座 4／21~5／21

Traits特質:Practical 實際 

- Gemini（the Twins）：雙子座 5／22~6／21

Traits特質: 溝通communicative 

- Cancer（the Crab）：巨蟹座 6／22~7／22

Traits特質: Caring 照顧 

- Leo（the Lion）：獅子座 7／23~8／22

Traits特質: Warm熱情 

- Virgo（the Virgin）：處女座 8／23~9／22

Traits特質: helpful 樂於助人 

- Libra（the Scales）：天秤座 9／23~10／23

Traits特質: charming有魅力9o 

- Scorpio（the Scorpion）：天蠍座 10／24~11／22

Traits特質:Passionate 熱情 

- Sagittarius（the Archer）：射手座 11／23~12／21

Traits特質: spontaneous 活在當下

更多Podcast單元:

每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

精選詞彙 VOCAB Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab

語音直播 15mins Live Podcast, 就在https://www.15mins.today/15mins-live-podcast

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K130: About Health- Whale of a time: NYC offers walk-up vaccinations for all

Appointments are no longer mandatory at any of the coronavirus vaccination sites run by New York City, including its newest and maybe coolest location： beneath the giant blue whale at the Museum of Natural History.

任何紐約市設立的新型冠狀病毒疫苗接種處，不再強制要求預約，包括最新設立、或許也是最酷的地點：位於自然歷史博物館巨大藍鯨下的接種處。

Mayor Bill de Blasio announced Friday that the city will now be accepting walk-ins at all its vaccination sites. "You can just walk up and get vaccinated," he said.

市長白思豪週五宣布，該市所有接種站現在接受隨到隨登記接種，「你可以直接進來接種疫苗」。

The expansion of walk-in service comes as supplies of the vaccine have increased.

擴大實施現場登記接種，是在疫苗供應量已經增加之際推出。

Just weeks ago, most people trying to get an appointment for a vaccination in the nation’s biggest city had to game online appointment systems in which scarce slots would be snapped up in moments.

僅在數週之前，在這個全美最大城市，大多數要預約接種時間的人還得在網路預約系統上賭運氣，稀少的名額一下子就會被搶光。

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Serbian diner thanks those getting COVID shots with plates of roast meat （感謝客人打新冠疫苗 塞爾維亞餐館請吃烤肉）

Get a COVID-19 vaccine and you will be served a plate of spit-roast ox or wild game goulash for free - in the Serbian city of Kragujevac.

塞爾維亞「米盧廷圖書館」餐廳招待接種疫苗的顧客吃牛肉大餐。（路透資料照）

在塞爾維亞克拉古耶瓦茨，只要接種新冠肺炎疫苗，就能免費獲得一盤烤牛肉串或野味燉牛肉。

Restaurateur Stavro Raskovic offered the popular local dishes as his way of promoting vaccination and campaigning for the full reopening of the country’s restaurants, cafes and bars.

餐館老闆斯塔夫羅．拉斯科維奇端出這2道受歡迎的本地菜餚，作為推廣疫苗及推動該國餐廳、咖啡廳、酒吧全面重新營業的方式。

Lockdowns in 2020 and partial restrictions this year have driven Biblioteka kod Milutina (Milutin’s Library) restaurant to the brink of closure, he said.

他說，2020年的封城及今年的局部封鎖措施，讓「米盧廷圖書館」餐廳瀕臨停業。

"Our trade, catering, has been particularly hit... and if this (vaccination) is the way out, then we wanted to contribute."

「我們的生意、外燴服務尤其受到影響…若這（疫苗）是解決方法，我們想要出一份力。」

Local health authorities turned the restaurant into a vaccination point to deliver shots made by Pfizer/BioNtech, and China’s Sinopharm.

當地衛生當局把餐廳變成疫苗接種點，提供輝瑞／BNT疫苗和中國國藥集團疫苗。

"Today we have vaccines from both East and West on the menu, to everybody’s taste," said Raskovic.（Reuters）

拉斯科維奇說：「今天我們的菜單上有來自東方和西方的疫苗，任君挑選。」（路透）

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Dracula’s castle’ offers tourists Covid shots 「德古拉的城堡」提供觀光客武漢肺炎疫苗接種

Visitors to Romania’s forbidding Bran Castle are being jabbed with needles rather than vampiric fangs this weekend in a coronavirus vaccination drive.

造訪羅馬尼亞令人生畏的布蘭城堡的遊客，在本週末的冠狀病毒疫苗接種活動中，將會被針頭而不是吸血鬼的毒牙扎刺。

Those who take the jab are handed a certificate hailing their＂boldness and responsibility＂promising they will be welcome at the castle＂for the coming 100 years＂ － as well as offered a free tour of the＂torture chamber＂.

那些接受施打的人將拿到證書，為他們的「勇氣與責任」喝采，並承諾這座城堡在未來100年都歡迎他們，並提供一次「酷刑室」的免費導覽。

Nestled in a misty valley in the Carpathian mountains, Bran Castle is associated with the 15th-century Romanian prince Vlad Dracula.

布蘭城堡坐落於喀爾巴阡山迷霧籠罩的山谷，與15世紀羅馬尼亞王子弗拉德．德古拉有關。

Dracula author Bram Stoker is believed to have been inspired by Vlad and descriptions of Bran Castle when writing his 1897 novel that helped found the modern vampire genre.

德古拉的作者布拉姆．史托克在撰寫他的1897年的小說時，被認為受到弗拉德與布蘭城堡的描述的啟發，這本小說幫助他奠定現代吸血鬼體裁。

Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1449642;https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1449828;https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1450439

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每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

精選詞彙 VOCAB Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab

語音直播 15mins Live Podcast, 就在https://www.15mins.today/15mins-live-podcast

文法練習 In-TENSE Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/in-tense

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K129: Jerusalem tensions sparked heaviest Israel-Gaza fighting in years

For weeks now, Palestinian protesters and Israeli police have clashed on a daily basis in and around Jerusalem’s Old City, home to major religious sites sacred to Jews, Christians and Muslims and the emotional epicenter of the Middle East conflict.

數週以來，巴勒斯坦抗議民眾和以色列警察每天都在耶路撒冷舊城及其周圍發生衝突。耶路撒冷舊城是猶太人、基督徒和穆斯林神聖的主要宗教場所，以及中東衝突情感中心的所在地。

Jerusalem has been the scene of violent confrontations between Jews and Arabs for 100 years and remains one of the most bitterly contested cities on earth. The latest clashes began a month ago with an Israeli move to block some Palestinian gatherings at the beginning of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, already a time of heightened religious sensitivities. After those restrictions eased, tensions over a plan to evict dozens of Palestinians from an east Jerusalem neighborhood continued to fuel confrontations.

耶路撒冷成為猶太人與阿拉伯人之間暴力對峙的現場，已有一百年了，現仍為世界上衝突最劇的城市之一。最近的衝突始於一個月前，以色列在穆斯林聖月齋戒月之初禁止一些巴勒斯坦人的集會，而齋戒月已然是宗教敏感時期。這些限制放鬆之後，將數十名巴勒斯坦人逐出東耶路撒冷地區的計畫，讓對峙的緊張局勢持續升高。

Israelis on May 10 marked Jerusalem Day, a national holiday celebrating the annexation. In past years, thousands of Israelis — mainly religious nationalists — have marched through the Old City, including the densely populated Muslim Quarter, in a display considered provocative by many Palestinians.

以色列人在五月十日紀念「耶路撒冷日」，此國定假日旨在慶祝以色列併吞耶路撒冷。在過去幾年中，成千上萬的以色列人──主要為宗教民族主義者──上街遊行，穿過舊城區，包括人口稠密的穆斯林區，這種肆無忌憚被許多巴勒斯坦人認為是挑釁。

CAPITAL OF TWO PEOPLES

Israel views Jerusalem as its “unified, eternal” capital. It had captured east Jerusalem, which includes the Old City, in the 1967 Mideast war, along with the West Bank and Gaza. Palestinians want those territories for their future state, with east Jerusalem serving as their eventual capital. But Israel annexed the eastern part of the city in a move not recognized internationally.

兩個民族的首都

以色列將耶路撒冷視為其「統一、永恆」的首都。一九六七年的中東戰爭，以色列佔領了包括舊城在內的東耶路撒冷，以及西岸與加薩走廊。巴勒斯坦人希望這些地方在他們建國後成為其領土，最終將定都於東耶路撒冷。但以色列卻將東耶路撒冷併吞，以色列此舉並未獲得國際認可。

At the heart of Jerusalem’s Old City is the hill known to Jews across the world as Temple Mount — the holiest site in Judaism — and to Muslims internationally as the Noble Sanctuary. It was home to the Jewish temples of antiquity. Two Muslim holy places now stand there, the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque, the third holiest place in Islam. Christians also revere the city as the place where they believe that Jesus preached, died and was resurrected.

耶路撒冷舊城的中心，是全球猶太人稱為「聖殿山」的山丘──猶太教最神聖之地點，而各國穆斯林則稱之為「神聖禁地」。此為古代猶太聖殿之所在地，亦為伊斯蘭教之第三聖地，現有兩處穆斯林聖地──圓頂清真寺，以及阿克薩清真寺。基督徒也崇敬此城，因為他們相信此為耶穌講道、受死及復活之處。

The fate of east Jerusalem has been one of the thorniest issues in the peace process, which ground to a halt more than a decade ago.

東耶路撒冷的命運一直是和平進程中最棘手的問題之一，此進程在十多年前已停滯不前。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2021/05/24/2003757917

更多Podcast單元:

每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

精選詞彙 VOCAB Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab

語音直播 15mins Live Podcast, 就在https://www.15mins.today/15mins-live-podcast

文法練習 In-TENSE Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/in-tense

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K128: Cash Might Be King, but They Don’t Care甩

The other day at Dig Inn, a just-opened lunch spot on Broadway and 38th Street in Midtown Manhattan, Shania Bryant committed a consumer faux pas. She placed her order for chicken and brown rice and yams, and when she got to the register, she held out a $50 bill.“Sorry,” the cashier told her. “We don’t take cash.” Not, “We don’t take $50s.” No cash. Period.“What?” Bryant asked.

幾天前，在紐約曼哈坦中城百老匯大道與第38街交口剛開幕的午餐餐廳Dig Inn內，仙妮亞．布萊恩犯了個消費者不太得體的錯。她點了雞肉、糙米飯和山藥，到櫃檯結帳時，掏出張50元美鈔。收銀員對她說：「抱歉，我們不收現金。」不是「我們不收50美元的鈔票，」是不收現金，就是這樣。布萊恩女士問道：「蛤？」The cashier patiently explained. Credit and debit cards were fine, as was the easy-to-download Dig Inn phone app. But the almighty dollar was powerless.“I’ve never experienced that before,” said Bryant, 20, an assistant to a designer. “I guess we’re in new times.”收銀員耐心地解釋，信用卡和簽帳金融卡都可以使用，容易下載的Dig Inn手機應用程式也行，但萬能的美元則無能為力。20歲的設計師助理布萊恩說：「我從未碰過這種事。我想我們正身處在新的時代。」Indeed. Cashless businesses were once an isolated phenomenon, but now, similarly jarring experiences can be had across the street at Sweetgreen, or two blocks up at Two Forks, or next door to Two Forks at Dos Toros, or over on 41st Street at Bluestone Lane coffee. In Midtown and some other neighborhoods across New York City, cashless is fast on its way to becoming normal.But it is not quite normal yet. So the cashier at Dig Inn cut Bryant a break.“Just this one time, we’ll give it to you on the house,” she said, handing over the bag. “But just so you know, in the future.”的確如此。店家的無現金交易曾經是孤立的特別現象，但如今在對街的沙拉店Sweetgreen，往前方兩個街區的Two Forks餐廳，Two Forks隔壁的墨西哥餐廳Dos Toros，甚或是第41街的Bluestone Lane咖啡店內，都可能會有類似的不愉快經驗。在紐約市中城和市內一些其他區域，無現金交易正快速普及，往成為常態之路邁進。然而由於還沒有完全成為常態，Dig Inn的收銀員給布萊恩行了個方便。她把袋子遞給她，說：「就這一次，我們免費奉送，為的是讓你知道，以後該怎麼樣。」

Ah, the future. In the future, when dollar bills are found only in museum display cases, we will look back on this moment of transition and confusion with the same head-shaking smile with which we regard customs on the Isle of Yap in Micronesia, where giant stone discs are still accepted as payment for particularly big-ticket items.Some people already live in this cashless future. They find nothing strange about paying for a pack of gum with a swipe of a card. If you are one of these people and you are still somehow reading this article, you may be thinking, “What on earth is the big deal?”

哦，未來。當我們將來只能在博物館陳列櫃中看到美鈔時，我們會帶著微笑回顧這個過渡與混亂的時刻，就好像我們看待密克羅尼西亞雅浦島的習俗一樣，因為在當地巨型石盤（石幣）仍被用作特別昂貴物品的支付工具。有些人已經生活在這種無現金的未來之中。他們覺得刷卡買包口香糖並無奇怪之處。如果你是這些人中的一員而且還在閱讀這篇報導，你可能會在想，「這有什麼大不了的？」

At Two Forks on 40th Street, where the lunch offerings have cheery names like Squash Goals, Kristin Junco, a 34-year-old auditor for the state Education Department, said she had not used cash for about a week and much prefers a cashless establishment to its opposite. “We travel a lot for work,” she said, gesturing to a colleague, “and if they don’t take credit cards that makes things difficult.”On the other side are those who were raised to equate credit-card spending with taking on debt — something to be avoided whenever possible, and reserved in any case for major expenditures. Those people do things like grab a $5 bill from their purse and run down from their office to the place on the corner thinking that they can buy a snack with it. They will catch on eventually.

在第40街的Two Forks餐廳，午餐提供的食物有著Squash Goals之類令人愉快的名字，34歲的州教育廳審計員克里斯汀．榮科表示，她大概有一周沒用現金了，而且更喜歡與現金制度相對的無現金環境。她指著一位同事說：「我們經常出差。如果他們不收信用卡會比較麻煩。」而與這些人相反的那群人，則把使用信用卡消費視同負債，認為應盡可能避免，就算要用也該保留給重大支出。這些人喜歡從他們錢包內拿出一張5美元鈔票，從他們的辦公室跑到街角某處，認為他們能用它買零食。他們遲早會趕上潮流。Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/322580/web/

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每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

精選詞彙 VOCAB Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab

語音直播 15mins Live Podcast, 就在https://www.15mins.today/15mins-live-podcast

文法練習 In-TENSE Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/in-tense

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