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Hi, everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜.
Hi lulu, hi everyone.
安澜, can I propose a topic？
Yeah. Of course.
The other day, some students and I when we were talking about international cities or like cosmopolitan cities, what makes a city truly cosmopolitan, and to me it just feels like it's not so much all the city has many foreigners, but more like when you look at people living in a city, you don't really know who are the foreigners, don't really know who are the locals.
I completely agree. I think if you still look around and say those are foreigners, then it's not really an international city. An international city is a city where people from all across the world will actually make it their home.
Yeah.And London, to some extent, gives me that vibes. So I thought let's talk about immigration,
Very complicated subject.
I know, it's very heavy as well. So maybe let's just start with some light discussions and gradually get into the heavy bits.
 I think it's not gonna take too long to get into the heavy side because if you read British newspapers or if you see the news in the UK, there is so much talk about immigration.
And it’s such a controversial topic, very controversial. 很有争议的那种话题.
安澜听过中文里说哪个国家是移民国家这个说法.
Yeah.
So UK has a very long history of immigration, right？
He does. For example, if you look at our Royal Family, our Royal Family originally comes from Germany.
Oh Yes. There are often historical comedies about that fact.
Exactly
They didn't even speak English.
And the thing is that London in particular has always attracted immigrants, and you can see this in lot the port cities as well, like Liverpool. There's always been immigrants. So the idea of someone being like completely British, I never really quite believe that because you have to think that the UK and particularly England is not very far away from Europe, it’s an island, but the distance between France and England is not that far.
Yeah, I think and also you keep hearing things like a second generation, third generation 第二代, 第三代移民, usually by third generation they just completely become local.
Well even by second generation normally, and sometimes even by first generation. So I think it's important to define exactly when immigration increased dramatically and that was after the World War II.
You know you call those waves like immigration waves. So the wave was after the World War II?
After the war, after the bombing and after obviously black soldiers and lots of people died, there was a need for skilled and unskilled labor to rebuild after the war.
And back then, UK had an Empire and they encouraged people from across what was then the Empire to come to the UK and this included probably one of the most famous incidents of immigration in British history and that was the Windrush.
Windrush, was that the name of a ship?