一席英语·脱口秀：老外来了

主播：Wendi（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Que Sera Sera

今天，我们要讲一个让人振奋精神的话题——resilience（复原力）。

01. 什么是复原力？

Resilience is the process of adapting well (很好地适应) in the face of adversity(困境), trauma(创伤), tragedy(痛苦), threats or significant sources of stress.

The key is that people adapt and change as needed to face these things.

Resilience不仅强调忍耐，更重要的是adapt and change（能够根据情况及时调整和适应），是一种随遇而安的能力。

事情本身不会变得简单，但是我们可以通过不同的responding（应对方式）调整我们的心态。

Highly resilient people are flexible(灵活的), adapt to new circumstances quickly(能迅速适应新环境), and thrive in constant change(在不断的变化中蓬勃发展). Resilience is important because it allows us to grow and learn from hardship(困难), as well as get through it well.

It allows us to live our lives more calmly and peacefully. Like the saying goes, the only constant in the world is change (世界上唯一不变的东西是变化). Since we cannot avoid it, it’s better if we can adapt to it (接受它).

如果复原力比较低的话，当周围事物和人haven’t met your expectations（没有达到你的期望）时，you will easily be annoyed。You will have a worse reaction to change, not be able to handle hardship (应对困难), and be impacted (冲击) by things for a long time.

02. 提升“复原力”的方法

#1 Practice meditation. 练习冥想

冥想时，找一个你觉得舒服的地方，可以是你的房间，也可以是室外的某个地方，只要你能感受到平静、安全和自在就可以。When you are in a state of tranquility（宁静的状态）, your whole mind will be clear and strong. 在冥想中，你会进入心流的状态。It calms your body and soul enough to see through problems and reflect. 冥想能让你看清楚、想明白很多事情，也是一个自省的机会。

It helps you to reset the brain (重启大脑) and find new perspectives (新的视角) towards challenges instead of sweating the small stuff (纠结小事).

#2 Get out in nature. 走进自然

Immersing yourself in nature helps reset your body and clear your mind, just like meditation does. 大自然里的能量是非常高的，所以有的人也会在大自然中做冥想。It provides a good perspective (它提供了一个很好的视角).

#3 Surround yourself with positive and high spirits. 多接触高能量的人或者事物

People often say that you are what you eat, you are who you spend time with, and you are what you surround yourself with. 近朱者赤近墨者黑，多接触高能量的人也能让自己变得更积极。

#4 Move your body. 运动

运动也是一种提高resilience的方法，但更重要的是要做你喜欢的运动。运动过后，your mind will be very quiet and peaceful.

#5 Take time to learn more things. 保持学习

不断地学习，汲取新知识也可以有效提高复原力。Resilience comes from expanding knowledge and skills, either by watching videos, listening to podcasts or reading books. The key is to make a daily habit of continually learning (关键是养成日常不断学习的习惯). 学习新知识不仅能让头脑更清醒，而且会让你有不同的视角去看待事情。

#6 Work from a to-do list. 列日程计划

Resilience comes from seeing positive outcomes(积极结果) from your work. At an early stage, what’s critical to driving success is doing the right work. By creating a priority list (优先级列表) and ruthlessly working from there, you’ll be able to gain momentum(动力) — and build trust in yourself and your process — to overcome obstacles (克服障碍).

#7 Work on becoming immune to rejection. 努力做到对拒绝免疫

To become immune to rejection（对拒绝免疫）就是要能够坦然接受别人的拒绝。

在你听到一声yes之前，you’re going to hear a lot of “no”s。Letting all that rejection slide off your back will help you keep moving forward when times get tough.

总之，你要practice cognitive restructuring（练习认知重构）。It can change the way you think about potentially negative situations (潜在的负面情况) by helping you better understand your feelings of fear or discomfort. The ability to reframe your failures (重新定义失败) as important lessons is what makes a truly resilient leader. 改变面对消极情况的情绪，换一个看待视角，任何事情都会有积极的一面。

Life doesn’t get easier or more forgiving (生活本身不会变得更容易或更宽容), but we get stronger and more resilient (而我们可以变得更强大，更有复原力). It just requires us being proactive (积极主动的) on how we want to do this.

困境本身不会变得容易，但我们可以发挥自己的主观能动性，努力提升自己的复原力，提高能量，或者转换视角去更加积极地面对。

主播：Maelle（法国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Colorful

今天的节目是一个special edition（特别版），由Maelle和Selah两位外国主播来聊一下她们在中国成长的经历。

其实她们经常会聊这样的话题，因为她俩都有相似的经历，特别是她们都上过中国学校！So it is indeed really fun to talk about it. Many foreigners in China have had this experience.

（图中间的小女孩为Selah）

They both attended a Chinese school. Maelle started from kindergarten all the way to 5th grade (从幼儿园一直到五年级). Selah attended Chinese kindergarten and then attended primary school (小学) for 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade (从幼儿园一直到三年级).

（梅莉和她的双胞胎妹妹）

01. Unique experiences

Selah said “the first time I felt different is when I realized that I was the only one in the whole school that looked like me (全校没有一个人长得像我一样), and kids used to call me a 芭比娃娃.” (Because Selah has blond hair.)

（小时候的Selah）

“The Chinese teacher would also ask me to help her teach English class for her and even asked me to grade the tests when I was only in 2nd grade (甚至让我在二年级的时候就给考试打分)! I also had a TV station come to school once and interview me (接受电视采访).”

Maelle totally got that: “For me, I think I never really saw myself as different from the other kids, other than physically obviously (除了身体上的明显差别).”

“But I realized when it came to things that holidays and all. Christmas was a big deal for my family. If it happened to be in the middle of the week we would often skip school to celebrate as a family (如果它碰巧是在周中，我们经常会不去学校，然后全家庆祝圣诞节).” “当时我们中国学校的同学都不怎么会特别庆祝这个节日，但是过年的时候当然就不一样了！”

02. Interesting stories on campus 校园趣事

(1) Distinctive appearance 与众不同的外貌

Selah问梅莉：“你还记得第一次上学的时候发生了什么吗？”

Maelle: “The first time I was in Chinese school I do not remember because I was very young, but I remember some of my classmates would touch my hair because it was different, or even ask me to give them a strand of hair because they thought it was gold (有一些同学甚至会问我要一根头发，因为他们以为是金子) haha!”

（梅莉和她的双胞胎妹妹）

Selah: “Me too! They actually did that exact same thing to me, and they would use my hair as bookmarks (书签)… but they would lose it so I would always have to get new ones for them (给他们一根新的), haha! Especially for other little girls, they would touch my eyelashes (眼睫毛) too, and say that it looked like a horse!”

（小时候的Selah）

Maelle agreed: “Since I have a high nose, everyone loved to touch my nose!”

Selah: “I also have a lot of freckles (雀斑) on my face, and they would ask to touch it or whether I was sick with a disease (问是不是我生病了).”

（童年时的Selah）

(2) Cultural differences文化差异

Maelle thinks one of the most memorable parts of school in China was some cultural differences she encountered (她遇到的文化差异).

“我们小时候掉牙的时候会把掉的牙齿放在枕头下面，然后会得到钱，当然那是爸爸妈妈给我们的，但是我们不知道。我们以为是tooth fairy（牙仙子：传说中如果儿童把脱落的牙齿放在枕下，牙仙子会在他们睡着时把牙齿取走，留下硬币）。”

“So we would tell our Chinese classmates to do the same!” “但是因为在中国没有这个传统，所以很多家长没有这个做法。她们有朋友会尝试但不会告诉他们的爸爸妈妈，所以他们不会得到钱，就会觉得很奇怪。”

“They would come back to school and tell us about it and we would think it was very weird as well (我们也会觉得很奇怪). But now it’s just really funny to think about it because there clearly was a cultural difference there haha!”

Selah: “This is the same for Christmas, as we did Santa and Christmas gifts (我们做了圣诞老人和圣诞礼物), but other Chinese kids did not celebrate this. I had to learn that just because something was normal for me, does not mean it was for them (对我来说习以为常的事，并不意味着对他们也是)!”

Maelle: “Exactly, I had the same thing happen to me and it was really confusing as a child (作为一个孩子会很困惑).

(3) “We're all the same (其实我们都一样).”

Selah: “ But because I attended Chinese school for many years, I thought this was normal and did not really think about the fact that I was different (并没有真正觉得我与众不同). I was just another kid (我只是另一个孩子)!”

Maelle thinks that it is such a special and super cool experience.

Selah: “I learned everything with the other Chinese children though, like 古诗 and regular (常规的) 语文课 so my teachers loved hearing me 背古诗 because it was so different for them.”

（童年时的Selah）

这些对于梅莉来说是a core memory（一段核心记忆）！She remembers learning pinyin, and the Chinese characters with all of her Chinese friends at school. “很小的时候我们就和我们的中国同学一起学拼音，怎么写字，不同的偏旁等等。这真的很有趣。当时我特别地喜欢语文课，小时候我没有怎么去想我是外国人，像Selah说的一样我们都是小孩。”

Selah: “In fact, the teachers always used to laugh, because I would eat more food than all the other kids at lunch (我午餐要比其他孩子吃得多). 我小时候非常喜欢吃鸡爪 and would eat it off my friends' plates (还会吃我朋友们盘子里的). My teachers thought it was so funny! That is hilarious (太搞笑了)!”

（正在啃鸡爪的Selah）

Selah: “I have so many fun stories. All of my younger brothers and sisters also attended Chinese school. I remember that they used to threaten the other kids that (他们还这样吓唬其他孩子) ‘你如果不听老师的话老师就把你送到老外家!’ I don’t even know why it’s a threat (我都不知道为什么这也能吓唬他们). Haha it's so funny!”

This makes me think about the analogy of the egg (鸡蛋的类比)。 我们都是鸡蛋，里面是黄色的，外面是白色的 (Yellow on the inside and white on the outside)。

主播：Wendi（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Birds of A Feather

今天的节目我们来聊一聊time management（时间管理），尤其是“四象限法则”。This is such an important skill today when we often have to multitask.

·multitask v. 多任务工作

01. Four Quadrants Work Method 四象限工作法

The Four Quadrant Method, also known as the Eisenhower Matrix (艾森豪威尔矩阵) or the Time Management Matrix (时间管理矩阵), is a popular tool for prioritizing tasks based on their urgency and importance (紧急性和重要性).

So, it is a tool for time management. 它的基本原则就是根据任务的轻重缓急来决定处理的先后顺序。It was popularized by Stephen Rechards Covey (史蒂芬·柯维) in his book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People (《高效人士的七个习惯》). 这个四象限工作法则就是在这本书里被带火了。

It was created by Dwight David Eisenhower (德怀特·戴维·艾森豪威尔). 根据urgency and importance这两个维度，任务被分成了四种类型。Its key benefits are that it clarifies priorities (明确优先级), helps with decision-making (决策制定), and improves focus on important tasks.

02. The four categories

(1) Quadrant I: Urgent and Important 象限1——紧急且重要

These tasks require immediate attention and are critical to achieving your goals. They often include crises (危机), pressing deadlines (紧迫的最后期限), and emergency issues (紧急问题).

(2) Quadrant II: Not Urgent but Important 象限2——不紧急但重要

象限2的这些任务一般对我们的long-term success（长期发展）很重要，比如personal growth（个人成长），building relationships（建立人际关系），and long-term planning（长期规划）。

Examples: strategic planning (战略规划), relationship-building, self-care, exercise, learning, and professional development (专业发展).

(3) Quadrant III: Urgent but Not Important 象限3——紧急但不重要

These tasks demand immediate attention but do not contribute significantly to (对......有重大贡献) your long-term goals. They are often interruptions or distractions (干扰或者导致我们分心的事情).

Examples: some emails, phone calls, meetings, and minor issues (不重要的问题) that feel pressing but aren't crucial.

(4) Quadrant IV: Not Urgent and Not Important 象限4——不紧急且不重要

These tasks often leading to time-wasting activities. They can be a source of procrastination (拖延症的根源).

Examples: mindless web browsing (漫无目的地刷手机), excessive social media use (过度使用社交媒体), watching TV, or engaging in trivial activities (从事琐碎的活动).

03. How do we use it?

(1) Categorize Tasks (任务分类): List all your tasks and place them into one of the four quadrants based on their urgency and importance (把你目前的任务按照紧急性和重要性这两个维度放到这四个象限中).

(2) Prioritize Quadrant II (重点关注象限2): Focus on activities in Quadrant II to achieve long-term success (获取长期成功) and reduce the time spent in Quadrant I. 也就是说在完成这些紧急且重要的事的时候要提高效率，不要占用太多时间。

(3) Minimize Quadrant III (缩减象限3): Try to delegate or limit the time spent on tasks in Quadrant III.

(4) Avoid Quadrant IV (取消象限4): Eliminate or minimize (取消或缩减) activities in Quadrant IV to use your time more effectively.

Overall, this method of prioritizing your tasks based on the four quadrants sounds really workable (可行的). 但实际上第一步可能相当困难，因为你必须要figure out which task is truly important to you (弄清楚哪项任务对你来说是真正重要的).

That is why it takes time to evaluate (评估) what is important and why things might need to be done in a certain order (为什么事情可能需要按照一定的顺序来做). Does it affect other people? What will happen if it isn’t done immediately? 所以在用这个方法之前最重要的是要先分清楚任务的重要性。

04. Are there any other methods?

(1) Using a shared calendar (共享日历): this is especially helpful when coordinating with a spouse or family members to balance multiple schedules (当与配偶或家庭成员协调平衡多个日程安排时).

Selah uses this with her Fiancé (未婚夫). 她在iPhone上有一个共享的日历（我们也可以用谷歌日历）。When one of them has an event, they put it in. It saves so much effort and miscommunications (省去很多精力和误解). 在手机上和家人或者朋友建一个共享日历，既方便又能起到一个互相督促的作用。

(2) Timeboxing (时间盒): It involves setting a fixed amount of time (设置一个固定的时间) for a specific task or activity. The difference is that you stop working when the time is up, regardless of whether the task is completed (当时间结束时，无论任务是否完成，你都将停止工作).

这样就不会导致上一个事情的进程耽误之后的事情。But, to be honest, as somewhat of a perfectionist (完美主义者), this can be a bit annoying (有点恼人), not being able to get something 100% done.

But you have to zoom out (从大局看) and realize that this can be essential within the grand scheme of things (这在宏大的计划中是必不可少的).

Wendi doesn’t really have a method for time management. What she did was to simply list out all the deadlines on her calendar (在日历上简单列出所有事情的截止日期), and then break down these tasks into smaller ones (把这些任务分成更小的任务) and put them on her to-do-list (待办事项清单) every day.

05. Benefits of good time management 良好的时间管理的好处

Once you are good at time management, it not only reduces stress, but helps you spend time on the most important things, and not waste time and energy on things that do not matter! It makes life more fulfilling and efficient (使生活更充实和高效). It also makes sure you don’t forget important things.

For Wendi, managing tasks can really help her to relieve anxiety (减轻压力), because most of time our anxiety comes from not having control over the uncertainties in the future (因为大多数时候，我们的焦虑来自于无法控制未来的不确定性). So being more organized (更有条理) allows her to deal with these tasks one step at a time (一步一步处理这些工作) and know when or how she will finish them.

主播：Flora（中国）+Erin（美国）

歌曲：黄风起兮

关于《黑神话：悟空》我们已经谈了两期节目了，但是最近有一件事不知道大家有没有关注：Tesla（特斯拉）和SpaceX（太空探索技术公司）的CEO马斯克（Elon Reeve Musk）在X也就是原来的Twitter（推特）上发布了一条关于黑神话的内容。

他发了一张AI-generated image（AI合成的图片），把自己的脸P到了游戏中的悟空身上，还配文说“impressive 3A game from China（来自中国的让人印象深刻的3A游戏）”。We have to say that the influence of this game has spread all over the world.

今天我们就来谈一谈Black Myth: Wukong这款游戏为什么不只是在中国，而是在全球都making waves（掀起了波澜）！

01. A Fresh Mythological World 全新的神话体系

你敢相信吗？黑神话还没正式发行就已经在多个地区登顶pre-sale charts（预售排行榜）了。这简直是不可思议！So, what makes this game so special?

首先就是《黑神话：悟空》给世界带来的全新的游戏世界观，或者说a fresh mythological world（一个全新的神话体系）。Actually, 3A games are typically dominated by major western and Japanese studios (3A游戏常年由西方和日本的一些大型工作室主导).

As for China, the main focus of its gaming industry is often on mobile games (手机游戏).

其实在此之前，西方的一些3A games的世界观就来自它的神话体系。There are a lot of game canons out there that take cues in (汲取) their world-building (世界构建) from existing mythologies (现存的神话). Hades (《哈迪斯》), God Of War (《战神》), Valheim (《瓦尔海姆》), and Assassin's Creed (《刺客信条》) build around foundations that have existed for centuries.

canon /ˈkænən/ 规则，标准

说到西方神话体系，就不得不提到：Egyptian Mythology（埃及神话）、Greek Mythology（希腊神话）和 Norse Mythology（北欧神话）了。These are classic Western myths.

People are already familiar with these mythic systems, so it's very exciting when players are exposed to (接触到) a new kind of world-building.

有一个玩家是这么说的：对于3A游戏界而言，黑神话绝对是满满的异文化冲击，那是一种神秘、有历史感、高壁垒，又让人忍不住去探索的未知领域。It's a mysterious kind of culture shock (神奇的文化冲击).

But let’s not ignore the fact that this game could be a bit hard to get into for those not familiar with Chinese culture (对那些不了解中国文化的人来说会有些困难).

But it is normal that we always have to put in a lot of effort (花很多精力) when learning something new. Just as we have learned about Western culture before by looking up information (查阅信息), learning their language, etc.

Now is perhaps the best time for the world to learn about China.

It hasn’t stopped international players from wanting to dive deeper into (更深入地了解) the story and cultural background. For example, some players learn about the myth by reading Journey to the West and watching the Journey to the West TV series. Erin thinks it actually made the game more intriguing (有趣) since it is so different.

02. Hardcore Technology 硬核技术

接下来我们从technical aspects（技术方面）聊一聊这部游戏的影响力。

Game Science used a cutting-edge (尖端的) tool called Unreal Engine 5 (虚幻引擎5). 其实“虚幻5”是2020年才发布的一款软件，而在此之前《黑神话：悟空》已经启动了好几年了。所以它算是中途切换到了一个新的graphic engines（图形引擎），但是这一换可以说是让这个游戏的画面清晰度直接提了几个等级。

Unreal Engine 5 is the latest version of Unreal Engine (虚幻引擎的最新版本) developed by Epic Games. Nanite 虚拟几何体（virtual geometry）的出现意味着由billions of polygons（数以亿计的多边形）组成的影视级美术作品可以被直接导入虚幻引擎。这也就是为什么我们玩游戏能玩出影视大片的感觉了，每一帧都是高清壁纸。

From its humble beginnings using Unreal Engine 4 to upgrading (升级) to Unreal Engine 5, the shift is like going from 720p to 4K. 在这种极致的画面下所呈现出来的场景简直太美了！

Actually, a lot of the buildings and sculptures (雕塑) in the game are scanned from (扫描自) real life China. The developers traveled around China, scanning actual historical sites (历史遗址) to create aesthetically stunning setting (美轮美奂的场景).

No wonder it won the “Best Visual Effects” award (最佳视觉效果奖) at Gamescom 2023 (2023年科隆游戏展). It shows that Black Myth: Wukong is already being recognized on a global stage, not just as a game, but as a serious contender (竞争者) in the world of visual storytelling (视觉叙事).

What’s really fascinating is how this technology allows players to experience real Chinese environments, from ancient temples (古寺庙) to mystical (神秘的) landscapes. It would be more reasonable and believable. 现实中存在的东西就是比凭空创造出来的要更加reasonable（合理）一些。

或许我们可以说，这是一种realism（现实主义）或者写实风格，它用一种只有cutting-edge technology（尖端技术）才能做到的方式把你拉到了这个世界中。The authenticity (真实性) adds to the storytelling, making it feel more grounded and relatable (更接地气、更贴近生活), especially for Chinese players.

One comment said, “When I see the temples and hear the familiar conversations in the game, it feels like I’m home.”

While there were many fantastic 3A games before Black Myth: Wukong, non-Western gamers don’t have that cultural resonance (文化共鸣). 尤其是游戏中的梗、笑点都是对不上的，特别是在本地化没有那么完善的时候。那么在这种情况下，黑神话的出现让众多中国玩家感觉像是回到了家一样。

That emotional connection (情感联系) is powerful, especially for a game based on such an iconic piece of literature (标志性的文学作品) like Journey to the West.

Now in China, almost everyone has seen the Journey to the West TV series. And what’s funny is that it’s not just Chinese players feeling this; international gamers are diving deep into the lore (传说) and even learning about Chinese culture just to appreciate the game more.

And a lot of people are starting to watch different versions (不同版本) of the Journey to the West TV series. If you are one of them, Flora recommends the one made in 1986. You may love the character of Wukong after watching it because it is played so well.

03. Global Gamer Reactions

Here are a few comments we found:

一位中国玩家写到：作为一个《刺客信条》系列游戏的爱好者，每当我蹲在欧洲各个著名建筑顶端和历史神话人物对话交互的时候都在想，我们也有五千年历史文化，也有各种神话故事璀璨的文明，我们的建筑也很美，什么时候才能玩到我们自己的3A游戏，现在我们有了！相信《黑神话：悟空》只是起点！

A foreign gamer commented, “This is like Assassin’s Creed but with Chinese mythology. The graphics (画面), the story—it’s unlike anything I’ve ever played (不同于以往我玩的任何游戏)!”

Black Myth: Wukong is finally giving Chinese gamers a taste of their own mythology (让中国玩家体验到他们自己的神话) in a way that feels just as epic (如史诗一般). It represents a milestone for China’s video game industry (中国电子游戏的里程碑).

Its success shatters the notion (打破了这种看法) that 3A titles are more likely to be money losers (做3A游戏是赔钱买卖). In addition, it is making the world more aware of China.

04. Expectations for China's Game Industry

Black Myth: Wukong shouldn’t just be seen as a vehicle (工具) for exporting Chinese culture. The game’s primary goal (主要目标) is to be a fun, well-made game. Cultural export (文化输出) is a bonus (锦上添花), not the endgame (最终目的).

我们希望Game Science在“文化输出”“国风”这样的褒奖声中能够不忘初心，继续给世界呈现更多制作精良的内容和文化产品。

The “national style” or “cultural export” tags (标签) don’t automatically guarantee success (并不能自动保证成功). The quality of the game needs to speak for itself. If a product is genuinely good, it will naturally attract attention and spread globally.

That’s why there’s a lot of responsibility on the developers to keep refining and improving (改进和完善) the game. “国风”“海外”这样的标签不但不会成为“免死金牌”，反而赋予了Game Science更大的责任。如履薄冰、努力深耕，才会给世界呈现出更多足够震撼的中国作品。

Black Myth: Wukong is not just a game, but a glimpse into the future of Chinese AAA development (未来中国3A游戏开发的一个缩影) and a gateway to Chinese culture for gamers around the world (全球玩家了解中国文化的窗口). We can’t wait to see where this journey goes.

See you next time！

主播：翩翩（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Hero

最近，青岛发生了一些事。

身为青岛市民，我们觉得好难过。It’s really heartbreaking to see these stories. 感觉青岛在叹息（the city is sighing）. 青岛是一个非常美好的城市，而且，青岛还是一个非常值得的城市。Please don’t let this create any prejudice against Qingdao.

01 青岛的三件“人间值得”

来青岛前，要知道来青岛图什么（what you’re looking for in Qingdao）？

There are three main things to visit in Qingdao:

* the beautiful scenery 美景

有人说青岛就像济州岛的城市版，老上海的青春版。

青岛是一座山海小城，the roads wind up and down（道路起起伏伏），and the seaside setting gives it a very fairytale-like feel（沿路都是海景，让整个城市充满了童话梦幻感）.

在青岛，其实不用去网红点看人从众，如果是为了美景的话，随便一条街走走就很漂亮。And as you walk around, you'll eventually come across the sea. 在青岛走着走着，就会碰到大海了。

我们有一个朋友，她是江苏人，前些年搬到青岛市南区定居，她每天上班前一定是去海边看海，海边有些人在晨起散步、运动；而且一年四季大海的颜色都是不一样的，她会每天认真地记录。这是一位很会在青岛生活的人。

我们还有一些青岛的朋友go hiking in Mount Laoshan or Mount Fushan every weekend（每个周末去爬崂山、浮山），到山顶看山海一色———这是在青岛应该体验的。

*the great food (especially seafood and beer) 海鲜和啤酒

来青岛的话，其他菜系就不要考虑了，当地特色就是海鲜，以及最正宗的青岛啤酒。（You should focus on trying the seafood and beer. Don't worry too much about other cuisines.）并且，尽量不要在景区吃海鲜（Try not to get seafood at tourist spots.）

其实青岛本地人有一种吃法，就是从市场买海鲜，去啤酒屋买点扎啤，顺便让店家把海鲜给加工了。在家吃就比较简单了：市场上买回来，回家自己一蒸，很简单就可以上桌了。It's straightforward, but fresh and delicious.

*the opportunities it offers 机会

为什么定居青岛？

作为生活在青岛二十多年的外地人，翩翩说：

我当时在青岛读大学，because my major was English, and back then, there were a lot of native English speakers in Qingdao. 所以我当时真的觉得如鱼得水，英文很快练好了。

青岛这个城市has a really diverse culture（文化非常多元）。大学毕业之后我在自己的城市一直没有找到合适的工作，感觉跟周围的世界格格不入。最终还是回到了青岛，这边企业多，机会很多，而且毕竟是港口城市，得风气之先，自己很多年轻的不成熟的想法和创意，都被这个城市包容和接纳了。就像Selah说的：This city has welcomed me. 我当年两手空空而来，是青岛给了我机会，给了我工作、给了我朋友、爱人、给了我家，而且还给了我们“一席”，让理想成为现实。

我一直觉得，青岛是一个允许年轻人有梦想的城市。It’s a city of dreams.

大家还关注的一个问题：Do you think people in Qingdao are hostile towards outsiders?（你觉得青岛排外吗？）

No, never. 我们从来没有感受到过。

作为一个从外地来青岛的outsider, 我所见过的青岛本地人，都非常地朴实、善良。反而很多青岛的老百姓会羡慕济南、北京、杭州等一些城市厚重的历史和人文积淀，因为that’s something you don't find in Qingdao（这是青岛没有的）。

总之，没有感受到丝毫的hostile, 就像Selah说的：Qingdao is home.

作为青岛市民，有责任维护城市形象，it’s our responsibility to maintain and share Qingdao's positive image。

每一位市民都应当记得：you represent the city—you are Qingdao. 你，就是青岛。

翩翩说：这几天我这种觉悟很高。前天在一席书院，有一对杭州来的游客，路过一席，进来参观，我非常热情地邀请他们在书院免费喝茶，还给她们提供在青岛的旅行建议。她们临走时说：青岛的山海跟别处的不一样，非常地宏大开阔。

This is the impression Qingdao should leave on the world. 这才是青岛应该留给世界的印象。

希望你们留言跟大家分享：Have you ever been to Qingdao? What do you love most about the city? Any suggestions? Feel free to leave a comment and share with everyone! 同时，如果有青岛本地的粉丝，也希望你能留言与大家分享你生活中的青岛。

主播：Flora（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Turnin'

今天，我们从电子游戏的角度谈一谈不同的人对《黑神话：悟空》等游戏的看法。

01. Impressive video games

Some things you should know about Black Myth: Wukong is that it has many achievements, like being the first 3A game in China (中国的第一部3A游戏). 此外，关注游戏的朋友可能知道Gamescom（科隆游戏展）——世界上最大的游戏盛会。而Black Myth: Wukong正是在这个展会上获得了“Best Visuals（最佳视觉效果奖）”。

该展会呈现了the latest trailers (最新的预告片) and announcements (公告) from the international games industry，由Geoff Keighley（加拿大电子游戏记者、电视节目主持人）主持。

《黑神话：悟空》火了之后，当然不乏鲜花和掌声，但是其中也有一些不同的声音。

For some reason, there are stereotypes (刻板印象) about video games that they are only detrimental (有害的) to learning and life.

Selah thinks this view is a bit one-sided (有点片面). People can sometimes get relaxed (放松) and relieve stress (缓解压力) with video games, and a good gaming experience can change your mood for the better (让心情变得更好).

And a good video game is always something to look forward to, it may carry a lot of cultural information (承载很多文化信息).

Assassin's Creed (《刺客信条》), a historical action-adventure (历史动作冒险类) video game series (系列电子游戏), depicts a fictional millennia-old struggle (虚构的千年斗争) between the Order of Assassins (刺客组织), who fight for peace and free will (自由意志), and the Knights Templar (圣殿骑士团), who desire peace through order and control. In most games, players control a historical Assassin while also playing as an Assassin Initiate (新成员).

Many people are impressed by this game because players can crouch on top of (蹲在......顶端) various famous buildings in Europe, talk and interact with historical and mythological figures (历史和神话人物), see what those relics and monuments (文物古迹) looked like when they were just built.

02. Video games: the Ninth Art（第九艺术）?

有些人把电子游戏称作“the Ninth Art（第九艺术）”。

关于前八项艺术，其实也有不同的说法。比较常见的一种说法是：Architecture （建筑）、 Sculpture（雕塑）、 Music、Dance、Literature、 Film、Theatre（戏剧）。

但是把电子游戏称为“第九艺术”这个结论目前还有争议。While this is a rather controversial conclusion, it does reflect what people expect from video games.

· controversial /ˌkɑ:ntrəˈvɜ:rʃ(ə)l/ adj. 有争议的

There's a reason people say that. Video games can often communicate their messages (传达信息) better than the movies they’re based on. 前八种艺术，不管是听还是看都是在appreciating the results of a work of art（欣赏一个艺术作品的结果）。

电子游戏的不同之处就在于它的interactivity（交互性）。In the game, people are no longer spectators (旁观者), but someone integrated into (融入) the whole game world, in which you can become whatever you want to be and can have a different story.

但是，要被列为“第九大艺术”确实不是一件容易的事情。Over all, the first eight are representative of their times (有时代的代表性) and are widely recognized (被广泛认可).

03. Prejudice against video games 对电子游戏的偏见

就像不是所有的书都能称得上是文学艺术，游戏也有优劣之分。There are some great games like Black Myth: Wukong, but we cannot deny there are some bad quality, illegal games (低质量、非法游戏). We must learn to distinguish between them (学会分辨).

不过有些人确实是对电子游戏是有偏见的。Some parents were like: I don’t care if it is a great video game or not. I don’t even need to know what a video game is. Once my kid started playing video games, I’m sure all his or her failures stemmed from it (所有的失败都来源它).

In fact, it's normal to have difficulties at work and school, everyone experiences failures (每个人都会经历失败). But it's not a wise choice to blame it all on video games. The point is what games you play or how you organize your time outside of playing games (如何安排游戏外的时间).

Flora remembers one of her teachers saying something that’s very interesting. She said:“ grades don't depend on when you're not studying, but when you're (你的成绩并不取决于你不学习的时候，而是学习的时候).”

04. A ban on the sale of game consoles 游戏机禁令

Why do some Chinese parents stereotype video games so deeply (对电子游戏有这么深的刻板印象)? This may have something to do with the following.

In 2000, China issued a ban on the sale of game consoles (颁布了一项游戏机禁令). 从那以后，进口游戏市场一直处于灰色地带。无数玩家只能通过parallel imports（水货）、山寨以及piracy（盗版）等来体验喜欢的国外游戏和游戏主机。

This is bad for the entire gaming market. After the regular games and consoles are not allowed (正规的游戏和游戏机被禁止后), those illegal behaviors in the shadows will start (暗处的非法行为就会开始). 因为中国的游戏和游戏机需求始终存在。

因而，在相当一段时间，进口游戏机市场成为水货盗版横行的畸形生态圈。

So this has been an underground market for games, and there has not been much supervision (没有太多监管) and there was pirating with acquiring consoles. Because of this, they have been looked down upon (被......看不起) by the public.

就这样，乱象丛生的进口游戏机被人们扣上了disturbing social order (扰乱社会秩序)，affecting student’s performance (影响学生学习) 的帽子。但最后这顶帽子却到了“所有的电子游戏”头上。而“spiritual opium（精神鸦片）”，“electronic heroin（电子海洛因）”这样的标签也让人们对“电子游戏”的误解越来越深。

Just like in China, the US stereotypes video games too. Many people either love them or hate them. 一些常见的片面观点有：1. 这对你的大脑有好处2. 这纯粹浪费时间、还会助长暴力的行为。

05. Balance is the key 取得平衡才是关键

Selah is not a huge fan or very interested in them. But she thinks if you use it wisely (明智地使用它) and not spend all your time on it, it could have some benefits. 还有，玩游戏的时候会感觉时间过得很快，所以在体验的同时我们也别忘了游戏外的精彩世界。

Overall, experiencing some good video games can be relaxing and a way to experience something different, but don’t get addicted to the games (不要沉迷). 其实不光是电子游戏，很多事情并不是非黑即白。如果你多做一些研究也许就会发现和自己以往认知完全不同的观点。

Selah also thinks it is important to think about the amount of time you are spending on it- too much of anything can be harmful (任何事情过度就会产生危害). So balance is the key (平衡是关键).

愿我们每个人都能在体验和享受美好时做好分辨、有所节制。并不是所有的电子游戏都能称为艺术，也莫要让电子游戏成为你精神的鸦片。

主播：翩翩（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Love Story

Selah recently got engaged!!! Selah最近订婚啦!!!

今天，我们一起来盘点一下外网热议的话题：the best relationship advice we have ever gotten （你听过哪些最好的恋爱建议）。

1. 常感恩 （Show appreciation often.）

Never take each other for granted. Show appreciation often.

“我从来不会把对方的好当作理所当然，我会经常对我爱人表达感激、肯定与欣赏。”

2.吵架时，你俩也是一伙的。（You are a team)

When you are resolving an issue, you and your partner are a team, not people fighting against each other. It is the two of you versus the problem itself. (吵架的时候你对抗的，不应该是你的另一半，而应该是你们俩一起对抗问题。)

“对两个相爱的人来说，吵架除了破坏身体健康、耽误事儿、以及事后后悔之外，没有其他的用处，所以有不愉快的时候，尽量提醒彼此及时止损，互相配合着把问题解决掉，而不是把对方解决掉。It’s all about the issue. It’s not personal.

3. 让你人生充实的，不是伴侣。(It’s your own responsibility.)

They can never make you ultimately happy and fulfill everything you need in life. (让你获得最终幸福，以及让你人生充实的不是你的伴侣。)

能做到这些的，有且只有你自己。It’s your own responsibility to have a happy and fulfilling life.

They will make your life better, but they cannot guarantee your happiness. 好的伴侣会让你的生活更甜蜜，但不能为你的人生幸福做担保。

因为，幸福在自身之内，不在自身之外。True happiness cannot be found in another person。

4. 跟谁结婚？(Marry your best friend.)

You should marry your best friend and someone you enjoy spending time with.(跟那个能成为你最好朋友的人结婚，跟那个你喜欢与其过日子的人结婚。)

无论对方多么地make you feel a certain way, “感觉”，都是靠不太住的。

Feelings change but friendship can help you stand the test of time. （感觉会变，但友谊经得住时间考验。）

“我跟我爱人都认识十多年了，现在依然是每天聊不完的天，我们真的是对方最好的朋友。所以我觉得感情保鲜的秘诀里，一定有一条是友谊。”

5. 爱是一件又一件的小事 (little acts of love)

影视剧会给我们另一种misconception（误解），就是love is about big gestures（爱是惊天动地的大事），但是，many times, little acts of love mean more。

The New York Times《纽约时报》出过一个特刊，征集了100位读者说说how they show their affection day-in and day-out（日常怎么通过一些小的行为表达爱意）。题目叫做 ‘100 Small Acts of Love’ (一百件爱的小事）。

很多读者的回答琐碎而动人，比如：

每天晚上刷牙时会顺便在对方的牙刷上放上牙膏（put toothpaste on the other person’s toothbrush）；

每次上车、下车时，互相亲吻对方一下（kiss each other every time they get in and out of the car）。

一位加州的女士说：21年了，我丈夫总是会把最后一口甜点留给我。（For more than 21 years, my husband has given me the last bite of his dessert, always.）

真的都是一些small acts, but strong relationships need this kind of regular care and attention。

6. 他/她不会读心术( They cannot read your mind.)

If there is something bothering you, you should talk about it. 你的伴侣不会读心术（your partner cannot read your mind)，所以心里话要及时说出来，要告诉对方，及时沟通。

不然，憋久了，you will feel bitter about everything（会看什么都怨气冲天）。

那我们今天关于“你听过哪些最好的恋爱建议”就盘点到这里，每段感情都会有起伏（every relationship has its ups and downs），但是只要多一些努力和理解，感情会越来越牢固美好。

也希望你们留言告诉大家：

你听过哪些最好的恋爱建议？

 主播：Flora（中国）+Erin（美国）

 歌曲：云宫迅音

今天距离《黑神话：悟空》正式发售已经有一周多了，但是它的热度依然不减。这期节目我们就聊一聊中国首个国产3A游戏大作——Black Myth: Wukong。

01. Introduction of the Game 游戏介绍

This is actually the first 3A game in China. 其实，3A游戏是类似于影视作品中的大片的概念。It’s a 3A title, which means it’s a super high-budget (高预算的) game with top-tier production values (有着顶级的制作价值). Some people say "3A" stands for (代表): a lot of time, a lot of money, a lot of resources. 同时，它创下了中国single-player game（单机游戏）的新纪录。

·tier /tɪr/ n. 一层

Also, it is particularly hot in the US (在美国也很火). Within an hour of its release (上线不到1小时), it topped the Steam charts (登上了Steam榜首) , 同时在线玩家当天晚些时候数量突破了150万。

Flora has found people discussing whether this is a Souls-like game (魂系游戏) or not on the internet. So what exactly is a souls-like game？

这种Souls-like games一般难度比较高，而且通常是in a dark fantasy setting（有暗黑、奇幻的背景设定）。Such as Dark Souls (《黑暗之魂》) and Elden Ring (《艾尔登法环》)。And it really tests your skills (非常考验你的操作).

So is Black Myth: Wukong a Souls-like game or not？Some say yes, because of its tough combat (艰苦的战斗) and intricate gameplay (复杂的游戏玩法). But others argue it stands out with (以......而突出) its unique storytelling (独特的故事情节) and rich Chinese cultural elements (丰富的中国文化元素).

·combat /ˈkɑ:mbæt/ n. 战斗

·intricate /ˈɪntrɪkət/ adj. 错综复杂的

·stand out v. 突出

So there's a diversity of views (人们观点不一). 这样看的话，Souls-like game好像也没有一个fixed criteria（固定的标准）。Everyone has a different Souls-like game in mind.

·criteria /kraɪˈtɪriə/ n.（评判或做决定的）标准

Erin believes Game Science has really hit it out of the park (一鸣惊人) with this one.

Flora and Erin both agree it’s a game that deserves the hype (这个游戏值得大肆宣传). 不过，在一片赞美声中也有一些声音表示困惑。

·hit it out of the park 大获成功

·hype /haɪp/ n. 大肆的宣传广告

Erin asked: “Did you know that some people are mixing up (混淆) China’s legendary Sun Wukong (中国神话中的孙悟空) with Japan’s Goku from Dragon Ball (日本《七龙珠》中的Goku)?” 

Flora answered : “They are definitely not the same.” 只不过悟空是七龙珠中Goku的原型。

·legendary /ˈledʒənderi/ adj. 传说（中）的

孙悟空是中国经典小说Journey to the West（《西游记》）的中心人物，也是中国真正的cultural icon（文化偶像）。Meanwhile, Goku, or “Son Goku,” is a Japanese character created by Akira Toriyama (鸟山明——日本漫画家). 其灵感来自孙悟空，但故事情节和背景都截然不同。

孙悟空来自于Chinese mythology（中国神话），而七龙珠中的Goku是诞生于modern Japanese pop culture（日本的流行文化）。We need to know that.

People may have been more familiar with Goku before (人们可能之前对Goku更加熟悉). But Black Myth: Wukong is reintroducing the world (向世界重新介绍) to the original Chinese Wukong and making waves (掀起波澜) in the correct format (以一种正确的形式). 

02. Global Reception of Black Myth: Wukong《黑神话：悟空》的全球反响

There was a lot of discussion about this game, especially when the game started to be released (尤其是当游戏正式发售时). 因为自Game Science（游戏科学——《黑神话：悟空》的开发商）发布第一个live demo video（实机演示视频）后，到如今已经整整过了四年，有些玩家也等了整整四年。

As many of us know, Erin plays a lot of video games in her free time. She has seen many of her favorite gaming streamers in the West (西方的游戏博主) be blown away (被震惊) by the stunning visuals (让人惊叹的视觉效果) and the deep dive into Chinese mythology (对中国神话的深入挖掘).

·stunning /ˈstʌnɪŋ/ adj. 令人震惊的

有些人甚至承认，他们必须重温《西游记》，才能充分理解故事。Many overseas gamers (海外玩家) are already reading Journey to the West. 有英文版、西班牙语版、双语版等等，就跟我们当时看英文原著的时候一样。

Flora is really happy and proud (感到高兴和自豪) to see that people from all over the world are interested in Journey to the West (世界各地的人对《西游记》感兴趣) and the cultural background behind it (其背后的文化背景).

It’s not every day that a game prompts (促使) people to learn about another culture. 让世界各地的人能以一种极具吸引力的方式了解一种文化，这种机会真的非常宝贵。Erin also felt so happy to see so many people appreciate her culture.

So we all know it gave the world an insight into Chinese culture (它让世界了解了中国文化). 那么，作为游戏玩家的Erin，是怎么从graphics（画面），design（设计），visual effects（视觉效果）这些方面评价这款游戏的呢？

Erin认为the graphics are top-notch（一流的）。The design and visual effects (设计和视觉效果) are groundbreaking (有开创性的), especially when you consider how they’ve captured the essence of Chinese mythology (抓住中国神话的精髓) in such a detailed and immersive way (以一种细节且让人身临其境的方式).

·immersive /ɪˈmɜ:rsɪv/ adj. 沉浸式虚拟现实的

下面，我们来看一下一些游戏评论网站是怎么评价的？

IGN给出的评分是8分（满分10分）。MC（Metacritic），给出了84分（满分100分）。原因是一些海外玩家觉得这个西游记的故事比较obscure（难懂）。

·obscure /əbˈskjʊr/ adj. 难以说清楚的

As a game player, Erin would say those scores are a little bit low (那些分数有点低). She thinks Black Myth: Wukong deserves high marks (值得更高的分数), especially if you appreciate the cultural depth it brings (欣赏它带来的文化深度).

Flora doesn't think there's anything wrong with that because not everyone is knowledgeable about different cultures (因为不是每个人都了解不同的文化). But Erin is different. She watched the TV series-Journey to the West since she lived in China for many years.

作为一个了解背景故事的海外游戏玩家，如果要Erin评价这款游戏，她会怎么打分呢？Personally (个人来说), she would give it a 9 out of 10, particularly because of its unique approach to storytelling (因为它独特的讲故事的方式). What’s the missing point for?

Erin said that she hasn’t finished the game yet. She wants to save a point (保留一分) to see if the game will hold up as she progress further (看她继续玩下去这个游戏是否还是能符合她的预期)!

其实， 除了我们刚才说的故事背景难懂，有些平台criticized the game for its “lack of diversity,” （批评这个游戏缺乏“多样性”），说这个游戏缺少female characters（女性角色）。

Erin thinks those criticisms (批评) reflect a broader conversation (更广泛的讨论) about representation in games (关于游戏中的代表性). However, we should also consider the cultural and historical context (文化和历史背景) of the story Black Myth: Wukong is telling.

While it’s important to strive for diversity (争取多样性), it’s also crucial to respect the source material (尊重原始资料). 尊重原著也是非常重要的。

We can’t judge every game by the same standard without understanding its cultural roots (不了解它的文化根源). 用某一个人或群体所认为的统一的标准去衡量所有的事物恐怕才是真正的“lack of diversity”（缺乏多样性）。

If we look at the game through the lens of Chinese mythology and the era it represents (从中国神话和它所代表的时代的角度来看这个游戏), it makes more sense (它会更有意义). 如何平衡representation（代表性）和cultural authenticity（文化真实性）之间的关系，也许是游戏产业所面临的一大问题和挑战。

·lens n. 镜片

但是不管怎么说，《黑神话：悟空》这款游戏不管从制作还是文化传播方面都非常成功。Black Myth: Wukong is more than just a game (不仅仅是一个游戏)—it’s a cultural phenomenon (文化现象). It’s introducing millions of people to Chinese mythology and sparking global interest (激发全球的兴趣) in Journey to the West.

·phenomenon /fəˈnɑ:mɪnən/ n. 现象

That’s why everyone is so excited about this game, it is a breakthrough (突破) for the creation of games in China (中国的游戏制作), as well as a beautiful and fun game.

Erin thinks this game will inspire many games (激发许多游戏的灵感) in the future as well, so she is really excited to see those as well.

我们相信《黑神话：悟空》只是中国3A游戏大作的开始，而《西游记》也正是世界了解中国文化的一个新的方式。

主播：Flora（中国）+Selah（美国）

歌曲：Stray Nights

今日，中元。中元节又叫“鬼节”。其实除了中元节之外，万圣节、亡灵节也被称为“鬼节”。今天我们就来聊一聊不同的“鬼节”分别体现了什么样的“生死观”。

On Chinese Zhong Yuan Festival (中元节), we usually float river lanterns (放河灯) to honor our ancestors (祭祖). It’s also known as the "Ghost Festival (鬼节)."

· ghost /ɡoʊst/ n. 鬼，幽灵

其实很多国家也都有“鬼节”，像Halloween (万圣节)， Day of the Dead (亡灵节)等。关于万圣节的传统，相信大家都比较熟悉，比如：雕刻南瓜灯（carving pumpkins）、不给糖就捣蛋（trick or treating）。今天我们重点聊一聊亡灵节（Day of the Dead）。

01 Day of the Dead

亡灵节在墨西哥是一个非常重大的节日。People celebrate the Day of the Dead with songs and dances (载歌载舞) while honoring their ancestors(纪念他们的祖先).

在这一天，他们带着鲜花和美食gather at cemeteries（聚集在墓地），awaken the spirits of the departed（唤醒逝者的灵魂），offer flower petals（献上花瓣），guide their ancestors home（引导他们的祖先回家）。

单就载歌载舞这一点来讲，this is nothing like the Chinese Ghost Festival (这和中国的鬼节一点也不一样)。

02 Zhong Yuan Festival

在中元节这天，有些地方的人们会bring out the ancestral tablets（拿出祖宗的排位），respectfully place them on a special offering table（恭敬地把它们放在贡品桌上），light incense（点上香），并且offer tea and food for the ancestors to enjoy（供茶和食物供祖先享用）。然后，他们为祖先磕头（kowtow）、烧纸钱（burn paper money）。

· tablet n. 匾

但是现在烧纸钱的人越来越少了。Because it's bad for the environment, easy to start fires (容易引起火灾), etc. 而且，现在也提倡文明祭祀。

So anyways, we are in a very reverent state of mind (怀着一颗敬畏的心) when it comes to rituals (谈到仪式)。现场的气氛也非常庄严肃穆（solemn）。

· reverent /ˈrevərənt/ adj. 恭敬的

· solemn /ˈsɑ:ləm/ adj.（仪式）庄严的，隆重的

03 同样是缅怀先人，但表现大不同。生死观有差异！

今天我们来谈一下不同的生死观（Different Views of Life and Death）。

其实我们很少谈论“死亡”这个话题，甚至可以说是非常避讳。

（1）我们的生死观第一个特点就是：回避死亡相关的话题，注重当下的生活。

Selah believes it's quite nice to focus on the present (专注于当下挺好的), but it may not be sensible to avoid talking about death (避免谈论死亡可能是不明智的). 因为我们迟早要面对它（sooner or later we have to face it）。

That's probably why people who have a vague concept of death (对死亡概念模糊) may go to extremes (可能会走向极端) after encountering some difficulties (遇到一些困难之后).

· vague /veɪɡ/ adj. 不明确的

（2）第二个特点就是：追求生命的价值（it seeks the value of life），尤其是社会价值（especially the social value）而不是它本身存在的自然价值（rather than the natural value of its own existence）。

所以我们才会有“杀生成仁”“舍身取义”这样的成语，也会有“人固有一死，或重于泰山，或轻于鸿毛（Though death befalls all men alike, it may be weightier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather）”的名句。

这实际上和我们的文化传统有关（This is actually related to our cultural tradition）。

儒家文化强调：我们要在社会价值中实现生命的意义（it is in the pursuit of social values that human natural life has a meaning of existence）。That may be the reason why we value the collective interest over the individual (重视集体利益高于个人利益).

当个人利益与他们所在集体的正当利益发生冲突时，we are encouraged to defend the latter first（我们被鼓励首先维护后者）。

（3）Our view of life and death把死亡视为一个精神的升华 (sees death as a process of spiritual ascension).

· ascension /əˈsenʃn/ n. 上升

In our culture, sacrifice for a just cause (为正义事业而牺牲) is seen as an elevation of the sacrificer’s character (被视为牺牲者人格的升华), and it perpetuates the spirit (它使精神永存). 所以对于那些为伟大事业，比如保家卫国而牺牲的人，我们会用“英勇就义”“英勇牺牲”这样的词。

· cause n. 事业

· perpetuate /pərˈpetʃueɪt/ v. 使持续

墨西哥的亡灵节背后透露着什么样的生死观呢？

首先，亡灵节其实是以印第安文明（Indian cultures）为主导，结合西班牙文明（Hispanic cultures）的产物。当时，印第安人认为只有treating the dead well（善待亡灵）and letting them go home happily（让他们高高兴兴地回家），他们才会be blessed by the dead（被这些亡灵保护）。

所以说墨西哥的亡灵节可以说是“亡者在棺，生者狂欢”，而我们却是通过感怀死亡从而更加珍视生命。

还有一部非常典型的墨西哥亡灵节电影——《寻梦环游记》（Coco）。It tells the story of a dead father who wants to be reunited with his living daughter on the Day of the Dead (一个死去的父亲想在亡灵节与活着的女儿团聚).

At first, he had hoped his daughter would die quickly so they could actually meet. 但后来意识到如果他女儿死了，在现实世界中没有人会记得他了（no one would remember him in the real world）。

所以看来他非常在意是否被人记得。It may also reflect the Mexican view of life and death (反映墨西哥人的生死观).

墨西哥著名作家奥克塔维奥·帕斯（Octavio Pasco）曾说过：“We think that death is only the beginning of a new way of life (我们认为死亡只是一种新的生活方式的起点).”They think the real death is to be forgotten (被遗忘才是真正的死亡).

看到这里，你对这两种生死观的理解有没有更加深入呢？其实现在有很多人对“死亡”这个话题是谈之色变的，这就显现出死亡教育的必要性了。

04 死亡教育——如何理智看待生命的终点，感恩生命的珍贵

目前，死亡教育的开展任重道远。那么现在美国的死亡教育普及得怎么样呢？

主播Selah提到：死亡教育在美国越来越受到关注，尤其是在学术和医疗保健环境中（academic and healthcare settings），但它尚未广泛融入mainstream education（主流教育）。

Are there any related courses offered in schools in the US (美国的学校有相关的课程吗)?

死亡教育在美国中小学仍然很少见，大多数学生都是通过 literature（文学），history（历史），or religion（宗教）classes来了解的。

其实，死亡是人生一个不可避免的课题。也许对它的认知加深之后，我们会更加珍视自己的生命，从而实现人生价值的升华。

主播：Flora（中国）+Erin（美国）

歌曲：Monster

巴黎奥运会期间，“饭圈文化”引发了人们的热议，今天，我们就来聊聊由奥运会引发的饭圈文化讨论。

01 何为“饭圈文化”？

“饭圈文化”（Fandom culture）的“饭”是英文单词fan（粉丝）的音译，所谓的“饭圈”就是一些特定的人群，他们devote themselves to supporting their favorite stars（全身心地支持他们最喜欢的明星），这些明星可能是athletes（运动员），singers（歌手）或者是actors（演员）。

Fandom culture很容易lead to intense rivalries（引发激烈的争议或对抗）以及significant social media influence（产生巨大的社交媒体影响力）。因为当粉丝们对明星的devotion（忠诚）turns into blind loyalty（变得盲目忠诚时），they will see anyone who stands in their idol’s way as an enemy（他们会把任何妨碍他们偶像的人当作敌人），这样的话会lead to hostility（引起敌意） rather than healthy competition（而不是健康的竞争）。

02 “饭圈文化”为何引起热议？

北京时间8月3日，我们的乒乓球运动员Chen Meng defeated her teammate Sun Yingsha in the women's singles final at the Paris Olympics（陈梦战胜了队友孙颖莎，在乒乓球女单决赛中成功卫冕冠军）。

然而，陈梦等来的却是铺天盖地负面的评价。During the match, many fans were booing when Chen lost points. 当陈梦失分的时候，很多人在喝倒彩。

boo /bu:/ v. 喝倒彩

Why don't they support Chen Meng? 为什么这些人不支持陈梦呢？AFP（法新社）的记者都一脸懵。原来，看台大部分的中国观众were fans of Sun（是孙颖莎的粉丝）。

按常理来讲，两名运动员都是中国队的，她们应该celebrate both of their incredible achievements（两者之中无论谁获胜都应该为她们祝贺）。 但因为这些粉丝are into Sun Yingsha（喜欢孙颖莎），they only see it as a win or lose situation for their favorite（他们只关注自己偶像的输赢）。所以当陈梦夺冠的时候，台下一片沉默。更让人意想不到的是，some supporters of Sun even posted aggressive comments on social media（一些孙颖莎的支持者在社交平台上甚至还发了一些过激的言论）。

Don’t put down others just to support someone you like. 不要仅仅为了支持你喜欢的人而把别人放在一边。

Some platforms have removed many of the inappropriate comments. 一些平台已经删除了许多不恰当的评论，有人甚至被criminally detained（刑事拘留）了。

detain /dɪˈteɪn/ v. 拘留

Cyber violence（网络暴力）的危害不容小觑，it can cause real harm to a person’ s mental health（它会对一个人的心理健康造成真正的伤害），can even lead to physical harm（甚至还会影响到一个人的身体健康）。希望大家都能speak kindly on the Internet，我们共同努力来maintain a good online environment（维护一个良好的网络环境）。

03 还有哪些运动员受了“饭圈文化”的影响？

其实不只是陈梦，樊振东和王楚钦这两位top Chinese table tennis players（中国顶级乒乓球运动员）have also been targets of this toxic fandom culture（也是深受“饭圈文化”的影响）。

比如说樊振东，因为粉丝leaked his personal information（泄露了他的个人信息），he had to retreat from social media（他不得不退出社交媒体）。这些粉丝甚至went after his family。Involving their family(把他们的家人卷入进来) and exposing private information (暴露他们的私人信息) is even worse, and definitely illegal(非法的)!

王楚钦也有这样的disturbing experience（让人不安的经历）。有粉丝会follow him（跟踪他）然后snap photos and sell them（拍照并出售）。他曾在深夜发文说：希望大家能respect each other's privacy（尊重彼此的隐私），keep our distance（保持距离），给他一些喘息的空间。

At its core, sports are about fair play, respect, and the joy of competition. 体育精神的核心是：公平竞争，彼此尊重，并享受竞赛的乐趣。当这些价值被破坏之后，体育精神本身也就变味了。

04 美国也有类似的“饭圈文化”吗？

在美国，他们非常强调individualism（个人主义），这就有时候会lead to extreme behavior from fans（导致一些极端行为） who see their favorite athletes as heroes who must always win（认为自己喜欢的运动员是战无不胜的英雄）。

Losing games is normal in competitive sports. 在竞技体育中，输掉比赛本就是非常正常的事情。Losing and winning are two sides of the same coin. 输赢本就是一个硬币的两面。We cheer for the winners and applaud the losers who struggle on. 我们为赢家欢呼，但只要是敢于拼搏，即使失败也值得我们的掌声。

运动员们都非常努力，applauding them for their effort and encouraging them to keep working hard（肯定他们的努力，并鼓励他们继续加油）至少是我们都能做到的。

05 怎么才能减少“饭圈文化”对竞技体育的负面影响呢？

首先，无论是对于运动员还是粉丝们，要接受winning and losing are both part of the game（输赢都是比赛的一部分），我们应该celebrate the effort and determination of all athletes（为所有运动员的努力和决心喝彩），而不只是为那些who come out on top（取得优异成绩的运动员而欢呼）。

要知道，competitive sports aren't just about winning games（竞技体育不仅仅是关于赢得比赛），更重要的要有sportsmanship（体育精神）的存在。

我们需要回归到the true Olympic values（真正的奥林匹克价值观）——understanding，friendship和fair play（公平竞争）。这创造了一个积极的环境，运动员可以focus on what they do best（专注于他们做得最好的事情）。

Whether you're cheering from the stands (站台) or watching from your couch (沙发), the way you support athletes and create a positive vibe (氛围) really makes a difference. You're helping to keep that Olympic spirit alive and strong (你正在帮助保持奥林匹克精神活跃和强大)! 作为看台或屏幕前的一名观众，也许你追星时的理性、营造的良好比赛环境也是在助推实践伟大的奥林匹克精神。