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中国烹饪法 – Keyword

Wet techniques 湿热烹调法

Quick immersion：快速版

Quick boiling    汆        （汆丸子）

Blanching     焯         （焯水）


Prolonged immersion：慢速版

Braising        烧       （红烧肉）
     
Steam stewing  焖    （豆角焖面）

Gradual simmering   炖   （铁锅炖大鹅）

Bake stewing   煨        （瓦罐煨汤）


Steaming：蒸

*Steam-pot chicken汽锅鸡


Dry techniques 干热烹调法

Air-based：空气版

Baking/Roasting    烤     （烤鸭/烤乳猪）

Grilling     炙烤    （炙子烤肉）

Smoking   熏      （熏腊肉）


Oil-based：有油版

Deep frying    炸     （炸丸子）

Pan frying     煎       （煎豆腐）

Stir frying     炒         （清炒时蔬）

Flash frying   爆        （爆炒鱿鱼）


Without heat无加热烹调法

Dressing    拌

Marinating    腌     

Pickling      酱

Jellifying     冻

《用英语·说中国》-炊金馔玉炉火旺

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Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi 安澜. 
Hi, lulu, hi everyone. 
So What are we gonna talk about today?
Today I thought I would choose a topic that you would be interested in. 
What is that. 
Shopping in London.
How dare you, are you gender stereotype me? You think because I'm a girl so I love shopping?
No, I think you love shopping because I've seen the amount of random rubbish you buy on Taobao. 
Touche, fair enough. Ok, let's talk about shopping in London. 我们来说说伦敦购物. Exciting topic, there's so many places to shop in London.
Absolutely. And Today we're going to be talking about some of the unique shops in London. But first of all, I think it's important that we get the areas right.
So the first area we're gonna talk about is Oxford street and Regent street. 
Oxford street就是牛津街. Regent street是摄政街. Regent street I'm quite familiar with. Oxford street honestly, I obviously know I've been there, but I don't usually go shopping there. 
No. Oxford street is the busiest street in Europe and it was the center of the shopping area in London. 
Has it always been like a shopping area in history?
No, originally it was the road to the public execution grounds.
Okay, public execution就是公开处死刑的那个地方, 就相当于一个刑场了. That was the road to the public execution grounds. Absolutely. 
Back in the days people went there to just watch it almost like a show. 
And I think basically what happened was then a lot of shops started to open up along the way because public executions always draw a crowd. 
Yeah, like I said it's almost like a performance. So these shops opened started selling snacks I guess while people are waiting between the executions. 
And  then they started selling clothes and the rest is history. 
It's a bit morbid. Yeah, I wouldn't go to any secondhand clothes shop on Oxford street then. 
Well, you won't find any secondhand. 
No, that's right. 
Because the whole secondhand就像什么二手店那种古着店都是在另外一个地方一个区域. Oxford street, it's filled with like big brands and also fast fashion that sort of thing .
Pretty much. So I would say that most of the high street brands they have their main shop on Oxford street.

《闲话英伦》-伦敦必逛百货，全球最大还有皇家认证？

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In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Rage Cleaning. 
Rage means anger. 这个并没有一个很好的翻译, 所以咱们暂且把它翻译成‘愤怒清洁’或者‘愤怒清扫’. 
So what does it mean? 
First of all, let me ask you a question. Nowadays, our lives are filled with stressful situations. I'm sure everyone has had that moment of feeling extremely stressed and you have so much anger inside you. 
You just need to let it out.
Some of us might go for a 5-mile run. Some might indulge in alcohol or start smashing things about. 
But then there's a group of people who would let out their anger by deep cleaning their house. For instance, a long stressed out day at work leads you to break out the carpet cleaner or a rough day with your kids has you scrubbing the dishes with fury? 
我们现在的生活是充满各种各样的压力, 很多时候我们心里憋着一股气, 这股气到底撒在哪儿? 有的人可能会运动, 有的人可能会暴饮暴食, 或者会砸东西. 但是也有这样的一群人, 他们对抗压力的方式就是 rage cleaning, or angry cleaning. 
Basically this is the act of tackling a cleaning project with the express purpose of releasing pent-up emotion. 
具体来说就是通过大扫除来release pent-up emotion or pent-up anger来发泄这种压抑在心里的情绪, 特别是怒气. 
It sounds like a joke, right? You probably would say who would clean when they're angry, but rage cleaning is real.  
According to psychology experts, it's a natural reaction that many people experience and is actually kind of healthy, because pushing yourself physically forces you to expel that pent-up energy while focusing on a task instead of dwelling on negative thoughts. 
为什么心理学家会认为这种rage cleaning其实是一种还蛮健康的应对压力或者应对愤怒的一个机制, 主要是 pushing yourself physically, 耗尽你的体力去做大扫除的时候, 你就没有时间一直在那dwell on negative thoughts, 一直在那内耗, 一直在那琢磨那些负面的想法, 这可以帮你把心中的一些不满、怒气还有焦虑都发泄出去. 
It also puts you in a position of control. 同时也能让你重新找到掌控权. 
Often times anger or stress springs from situations in which we feel helpless. 
其实很多时候我们生活中的一些焦虑, 包括愤怒都来源于我们的无助感. 
For example, you can't shout back at your irresponsible boss or track down the thief who stole your credit card. But what you can do is power through a cleaning project, get it done and experience the satisfaction of having one less chore to do. 
比如你工作中的秃头老板, 或者你生活中遇到的种种不满, 你都没有办法真正去掌控, 但是你们家的卫生你是可以掌控的. 
Clinical psychologists say that people who rage clean are just taking control of what they can. “When we feel disarray in our mental or emotional world, the easiest or most concrete way to counter that is to make our physical world tidy and neat, the way we want our mental world to be. It’s a very natural reaction.” 
临床心理学家就认为这是一种再正常不过的反应. 当我们的情感或者说是心理世界出现了各种各样的问题, 特别是当我们感觉我们的心理和情感世界乱七八糟的时候, 千头万绪, 这个时候我们掌控不了自己的心理和情感世界, 我们起码可以让自己的physical world, 也就是我们实际的身边的世界, 具象的世界, 身边的环境能够变得更加tidy and neat能够整洁美观. 
这其实是我们希望能够理清自己思绪, 搞清楚自己精神世界的一种外向化的表现. 
You have such an intense sensation that feels like it needs to be released and you don't want to do it on a person.  But you can do it on an object. 
特别是我们心里有这种压下来的邪火, 或者那种很强烈的负面的情感的时候, 我们又不想把这种情绪发泄给身边的我们在乎的家人、爱人. 因此有些人就会选择把这些情绪发泄到物件上, 比如说家务事上. 
Cleaning is actually a great way to channel that because it is focused. You can take that negative energy and displace it onto something inanimate. 
It also allows you to take a break from whatever it is that triggered you. Now when you come back to whatever triggered you, you can come back to it more grounded and use more parts of yourself to tackle that issue. 
比如工作上或者情感上遇到一个特别大的烦心事儿, 这个时候你越想越生气, 越想越窝火, 这个时候索性不去想了, 来一次彻头彻尾的大扫除, 等你耗尽了自己的体力, 再回到困扰你的这些问题的时候, 你的脑子会更清醒, 也能做出更加理智的判断. 
Taking a negative emotion and turning it into something else is actually a psychological coping mechanism. 
其实心理学上还有一个专门的说法, there is a psychoanalytic term that applies to this kind of coping mechanism called sublimation, 叫sublimation, 升华.

情绪稳定能救命！愤怒、暴躁、不满...生气时，来一次大扫除吧

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 Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Sound of Musicals. 欢迎回来【曲外之音】. Hi, Oliver. 
Hello again.  
So, we're gonna continue with our talk about Mary Poppins, the quintessential English nanny. 
Of course, very British. 
So, we've already walked you through the storyline. It's pretty simple, it's defensible, fantastical nanny dropped out of the sky, and then just changed the whole household and mate, I think gave the mom and dad some wake-up call, like what is most important thing in life. 
Yeah, definitely the kids are kind of they've got absent parents, and they don't like the nannies that they keep being given, because they're too strict; or they don't get there the attention from the parents that they want, but Mary Poppins comes in and just changes everything. 
I like the words you use, they're not bad parents, they're not abusive or anything. They're just absent. 
Yeah, they care about their children, because they're taking the time to find a good nanny who will raise them correctly. Mr. Banks takes the children to the bank to show where he works. They focus on the wrong things, certainly, at the beginning of the movie. 
One thing I have noticed since you're talking about Mr. Banks, because apart from Mary Poppins, obviously, and Mary Poppins’ friend all being very colorful, but Mr. Banks seems to be this really grey dud in the film, in the whole storyline, very isolated. 
He does seem that way, yes. Mary Poppins and the children are sort of one side of it. His wife is part of the suffragette movement on the other. 
And then there's Mr. Banks in the middle at the bank. So. Yeah.
And I think it's almost like he's hypnotized or brainwashed himself to feel like “look, bank is everything, this bank job is everything. And through discipline and efficiency, we somehow would find salvation and I have to run my family like the bank with discipline and efficiency.”
Yeah, that's why he keeps hiring these strict nannies who don't really understand what the children need. Mr. Banks is just trying to run everything properly for the most efficient outcome. 
In a way, although children seem to be in the center stage like they seem to be the one who needed looking after, but Mary Poppins was not just inspiring the kids but also inspiring Mr. Banks. 
Yeah, definitely. When Mr. Banks loses his job at the end of the movie or musical, and he takes the time to fly a kite with his children, and realizes what is important in his life. Only then does Mary Poppins decide it's time to leave. So the kids have been happy through the whole movie, but Mr. Banks when he gets happy, that's when she goes. Okay, now I’ve got it. Father, children, everyone's together, time to go. 
Yeah, you mentioned happy, right? So I think underneath all of these song and dance, these magical scenarios, there is a deeper topic about what true happiness is. And are we losing sight of what is really important on our way to pursue so called happiness？
For example, when we are trying to chase after money, material gains, promotion, are we losing sight of what is truly important？
Yeah, certainly. Mr. Banks and the other people in the bank, when Mary Poppins... when Mr. Banks takes his children to the bank to see where he works. There's a whole song about Michael has a little bit of money.  There's a whole song about give us your money. We'll look after it, everything will be great, you'll be happy. 
And Michael's like no, I want my money. I don't want to put it in a bank. I want it. So, it's kind of showing the alternate happiness in a way, the difference between the childish happiness of I’ve got a little bit of money now which is fantastic. I can do something. To adult happiness of put it in a bank and watch numbers go higher, but don't use it. 
But that is not even...you said adult happiness, but that's not even real happiness. That's probably just as you're growing up, you've been sort of brainwashed

《曲外之音》-英国最受欢迎的魔法保姆，火了整整半个世纪。（下）

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 Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Sound of Musicals. 欢迎回来, 你们最喜欢的【曲外之音】. Hi, Oliver. 
Hello again.
So last time we talked about The Sound of Music, 【音乐之声】. And today can I also propose another also feel-good happy musical?
That sounds good to me. Yeah.
So you remember in The Sound of Music, we talked about the main character Maria was a governess是一个家庭教师, but you know you said governess is kind of like a tutor and a nanny. 
But if I say to you the quintessential English nanny, who do you think of?
I think we might be talking about Mary Poppins.
Yes. Mary Poppins.
Yes.
Now Mary Poppins, this character is so well known and so popular. I think sometimes it also is used almost as a synonym as something British, when Americans make jokes and is like “you're such a Mary Poppins.” It's like you're so English. 
I've never heard that one before, but definitely Mary Poppins is very well known for kind of the British nurse and the English nurse of the time. 
And in this, I think it's again, it is a musical, but it's also a musical film. And in this one, unlike The Sound of Music where the musical was first and then the musical film, Mary Poppins is actually musical film first. And then much much later they made a musical like on stage musical. 
Ah. Did they? I didn't know that. 
Yeah. The musical film, I think most people probably just remember the Disney version of the musical film made in 1964. But the West End production of the actual Mary Poppins musical was not until 2004. 
Wow, so much later. 
Yeah. It's again, based on a book, based on a series of books, and you know, these two, there's something in common between Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music.
Is there?
Think about the main character, the main star of the film. 
Oh yes. It's Julie Andrews. She plays Maria and Mary Poppins.
Yes. 
Oh. Yeah.
So basically she won an Oscar for one of them and she won Golden Globe for the other. 
She won all the awards. Haha.
Yeah. For these two Julie Andrews is amazing, like amazing musical actress. This actress, in general, she sings, she has such a beautiful voice. 
She does definitely. I talked us through The Sound of Music last time. Would you like to talk us through Mary Poppins now? 
Sure. And actually, before we get into the storyline, which is not complex at all, do you know that Mary Poppins, the translation, the translated name in Chinese, it has nothing to do with Mary Poppins. It's actually called欢乐满人间, which is a direct translation of like the world is filled with joy and laughter. 
I like that name. That's a very good title, hahaha. What a great translation. 
It's got joy and laughter in the title.
Yeah.
Ok. So the reason why in a lot of the American film or movie reference, this is seen as quintessentially English is because this film the story is set in London in 1910. So there's this family, Banks, Mr. and Mrs. Banks.  So Mr. Banks actually works in a bank in finance a bit on the nose. 
Yeah, very much. 
Yeah. And like this Sound of Music, von Trapp, Mr. Banks is also very much, I would say, without any joy, very much hapless, very much focused on discipline, and it's basically a workaholic. And so Mr. And Mrs. Banks they come home to discover that their children's nanny has quit once again after the children Michael and Jane run away to find their missing kite. 
They have two kids, not seven. But these two kids, they're also not really unruly, but they just didn't really like the fact that they didn't really like these old timey, traditional nannies who are just all about discipline and no fun. 
So basically now Mr. Banks needed to find another nanny. While Mr. Banks wants a strict, no nonsense nanny, who can just basically teaches the kids discipline controls the kid. The children ask for like a kind sympathetic nice nanny.

《曲外之音》-英国最受欢迎的魔法保姆，火了整整半个世纪。

Buzzmix-Ep146-Tradwife

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Hi everyone, and welcome back to Buzzword Mix. 

In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Tradwife. Trad, t-r-a-d, which stands for traditional. 我会把它翻译成 “传统娇妻”. 

如果你关注海外的社交媒体, 可能会在比如像TikTok这样的社媒上面看到了这样的一个越来越火的话题标签 #tradwife,  the shares and videos with this  #tradwife often show a curated look at women embracing domesticity. 

与社媒上很多大女主独立女性的标签正好相反, 这些tradwife的标签通常展现的都是一些女性, 特别是年轻女性去embrace domesticity, domestic life, 展现出来这些女性自愿地回归到家庭, 去拥抱家庭生活; 不管是在她们的穿着打扮, 她们的理念以及她们传达的信息, 都在显示她们自愿, 并且非常享受这种traditional wife或traditional housewife的生活方式. 

So a tradwife in recent western culture typically depicts a woman who believes in and practices traditional sex roles and marriages. 

所以在现在的西方社会里面, 一个tradwife是被定义成拥护并且践行比较传统父权制度之下的这样的性别角色以及婚姻形态. 

To put it in simpler terms, tradwife lifestyle is usually married in a straight relationship. 通常这样的tradwife, 他们的生活方式都是在一个异性恋的婚姻里面已婚的状态. 

The man works, the wife does not, 男人在外面挣钱, 女人在家里照顾家庭没有工作. 

The man is the head of the household and the final word on all things, financial, lifestyle and professional for the family. 

男人是绝对的一家之主, 并且对于像家庭经济生活方式等等方面都有绝对的话语权. 

Kids are a part of the plan if not already in the family. 绝对不会是丁克, 即使现在没孩子, 在将来也一定会有要孩子的计划. 

So basically being a tradwife, you assume the traditional housewife or stay-at-home mother role and you do all of the household chores like cooking, cleaning, laundry, so on and so forth. Additionally, special attention is paid to the importance of raising children. 

其实就是传统居家的这种家庭主妇, 全职太太, 甚至在英文里, 即使不是stay-at-home mom, 全职太太, 全职妈妈, 还有一个词叫做stay-at-home girlfriend, 全职女友, 也经常会跟tradwife一起被提及.

《用英语·说中国》-炊金馔玉炉火旺

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