Factors such as activity level, BMI, genetics, and diet play significant roles in blood sugar levels. For instance, oxidative stress from high blood sugars can damage cells, proteins, and DNA, leading to complications like inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) are invaluable for tracking these fluctuations in real-time.

Interestingly, even plant-based diets can cause unexpected blood sugar spikes in some individuals. Our group discussions have revealed that starting meals with non-starchy vegetables can help manage blood sugar levels better. Elevated blood sugars can also impair the endothelium, leading to atherosclerosis and increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

High blood sugars can cause glycation of proteins, forming advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are harmful. This can lead to complications with eyes, kidneys, and mental health. Blood sugar fluctuations can also affect mood and cognitive function, making it essential to maintain stable levels.

For non-diabetics, keeping blood sugar levels between 60 to 140 mg/dL is ideal. This range helps prevent inflammation, oxidation, and other complications. Using a CGM can provide the necessary data to make informed dietary choices and improve overall health.

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