歡迎大家一起來輕鬆學越南語-越說越有趣~

1. 你好 xin chào

• 老師好 em chào cô
• 在越南，會有分男老師,女老師，會有不同的叫法，女老師我們會叫她是「cô」; 如果是男老師呢,我們會叫男老師是「thầy」。
• 在北越，人們會很尊重禮儀,就是向長輩打招呼，在句尾會加一個字「ạ」，假如要向女老師打招呼的話，小朋友會說「em chào cô ạ」!

1. 同學 bạn

• 在我們跟同學打招呼「chào bạn」,那個「em」的稱謂是不用了,因為他是跟你同一輩的,所以自己的稱謂就不用擺上來,只要跟長輩們打招呼的時候,還是問候,才要把自己的稱謂擺在前面。但是,如果是和同學,還是朋友,同一輩以下的,我們自己的稱謂就不用擺在前面了,只要說「chào bạn」 
• 同學們好 chào các bạn 

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Jeff Bezos, the 57-year-old founder of Amazon and richest person in the world, plans to become the first person to travel into space in his own rocket.
On July 20, Bezos will ride on the first flight by a New Shepard rocket to carry a crew. The reusable rockets, built by Bezos' company Blue Origin, have been successfully tested without a crew 15 times before.
Bezos said he will be joined by his younger brother Mark. The Bezos brothers will fly from Texas, along with the winner of an online charity auction that ends in July. The rocket can carry up to six people, but it's not known if anyone else will also be on the flight.
Lasting only 10 minutes, the flight will take its passengers 105 kilometers up, just past the edge of space. Before returning to Earth, Bezos and his guests will enjoy about three minutes of weightlessness and will see the Earth through the largest windows ever built for a space vehicle.
Bezos said he has wanted to go to space since he was just 5 years old. "It’s a big deal for me," he wrote on Instagram.
Just 15 days before the flight, Bezos will also step down as CEO of Amazon. He announced months ago that he wants to spend more time on Blue Origin as well as his newspaper, The Washington Post.

🌏Summary
身兼亞馬遜創辦人及全球最富有人士的 Jeff Bezos 今年 57 歲,他計畫要成為第一個搭乘自己的火箭前往外太空的人。Bezos 從五歲開始就一直想要去外太空,他在 Instagram 上表示這對他而言非常重要。這些可重複使用的火箭由 Bezos 自己的公司 Blue Origin 打造,先前進行無人測試時已成功 15 次。Bezos 表示這趟火箭之旅同行的人,還有他的弟弟 Mark,以及一位線上慈善拍賣會的贏家。這架火箭將從德州起飛,目前還不知道是否還會有其他人加入此趟飛行。

🌏Words & Phrases
reusable可重複利用的
rocket火箭
weightlessness失重狀態

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Lifting heavy things and doing the same movement again and again can cause injuries, a problem common among factory and warehouse workers. But one company says it has the technology to help, and it's almost as simple as putting on a pair of gloves.
The product, developed by Swedish company Bioservo Technologies, is a glove called Ironhand. It's soft, like a normal glove, and only starts working when the user moves their hand.
Ironhand gives people extra grip and strength through motors that pull the fingers of the glove in, just like how a human hand moves. The company says that the glove can increase hand strength by 20%, and the user can also choose how much extra strength the glove provides.
Ironhand comes with a battery that the user wears, which can last for up to about eight hours.
Mikael Wester, Bioservo's marketing director, told CNN that when someone has the glove on, they don't have to work as hard to lift things, which reduces injuries. Wester also said that the Ironhand can be worn while using tools.
NASA first developed the technology used in the glove to help people hold things and perform tasks in space. In 2016, Bioservo started working with car company General Motors to make a glove for factory workers using the same technology.

🌏Summary
瑞典有家公司發明了一種名為「鋼鐵手」(Ironhand)的手套。 鋼鐵手經由馬達將手套的手指拉住,提供人們額外的抓力和力量。有了這個神奇手套,人們不用很吃力,就能把東西抬起來,可以減少對搬運重物者的傷害。鋼鐵手搭載使用者穿戴的電池,電力可持續約八個小時。 而且,穿戴的感覺很舒服、很柔軟,就跟一般手套一樣。

🌏Words & Phrases
movement移動
injury受傷
warehouse倉庫

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You can probably think of the last time something made you really happy. But what about life's simple pleasures, the little everyday things that put a smile on your face?
 
In a study commissioned by Small Luxury Hotels of the World, researchers at OnePoll asked 6,000 adults in the UK, US, Singapore and Australia about the small things that make them happy. They then used this data to find the Top 50 simple pleasures in each of the four countries.
 
In Australia and the US, the number one answer was "listening to your [favorite] songs." People in the UK put the "feeling of sun on your face" first, while Singaporeans said the best simple pleasure was "a nice dinner."Also in each country's Top 50 were the "sound of rain on the window," "staying in bed on a Sunday morning," "making someone smile or laugh," and of course, "cake."
 
However, more than half of the people surveyed said that they didn't think they were able to enjoy life's simple pleasures often enough. In the UK, people said they only enjoyed an average of six moments of simple pleasures each week — less than one per day.
 
But the good news is that a lot of the simple pleasures on the list don't take much time or effort, such as "seeing old people hold hands," "hearing the wind blow through the trees," and "people watching."
 
🌏Summary
有份研究詢問 6,000 名英國、美國、新加坡和澳洲的成年人讓他們開心的瑣事。 他們接著利用這些數據,在這四個國家中分別找出前 50 件簡單的樂事。在澳洲和美國,第一名的答案是「聽你最喜歡的歌」。 英國人將「感受陽光照耀在臉上」列為第一名;新加坡人則說最棒的簡單樂事是「一頓美好的晚餐」。同樣出現在每個國家中前 50 名的簡單樂事還有「打在窗戶上的雨滴聲」、「在週日早晨待在床上」、「讓別人微笑或笑出聲」。
 
🌏Words & Phrases
pleasure愉悅
everyday每天的
commission委託

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Tired of busy city roads and trains? One company in Japan is working on a way to travel above them all.
Tokyo company Zip Infrastructure is developing a ropeway called Zippar. It uses electricity to move small capsules that could carry up to 12 people each. Unlike other ropeways, the capsules will even be able to make turns and turn off onto different routes.
Stations don't have to be on the ground, either — the company says that stops could be made on the sides of buildings.
Takamasa Suchi, the 23-year-old president of Zip Infrastructure, said that he expects a ropeway with 12-person capsules to be able to carry 3,600 people per hour, with one capsule running every 12 seconds.
Zippar could also be much cheaper than previous ropeways that have been built in Japan.
According to the company, it would cost $15 million per kilometer to build, while other ropeways have cost about $100 million per kilometer. For example, the Yokohama Air Cabin that opened in the city of Yokohama in April 2021 cost $120 million per kilometer.
Furthermore, the company says a ropeway could be built five times more quickly than a railway, too.
As well as carrying people, Zip Infrastructure says that Zippar could be used to move goods and even get help to people after a disaster.

🌏Summary
東京有家公司正在開發一種名為「Zippar」的纜車。與其他纜車不同的是,這些膠囊車廂甚至能夠轉彎,或是切入不同路線。車站也不必設置在地面上,可以蓋在建築物的側邊。該公司表示,建造空中纜索的速度會比一般鐵路快上五倍。除了乘載民眾之外,這種纜車也能夠用來運送貨物,甚至是在災難發生後為民協助。

🌏Words & Phrases
capsule太空艙
turn off轉彎
railway鐵路

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Researchers say they may have found a gene that helps people stay thin, even if they eat a lot.
In a study published in the journal Cell, scientists used data from more than 47,000 people in Estonia aged 20 to 44 to try and find a gene linked to being thin.
Senior author Josef Penninger, from the University of British Columbia, explained that there are people who can eat almost anything they want and don’t exercise a lot, but are still healthy and don’t gain weight. "We all know these people: it's around 1% of the population," he said.
Penninger’s team used the Estonian Biobank to compare data from healthy thin people with that of normal-weight people. They found that thin people had differences in what is called the ALK gene, which may stop them from gaining weight.
The research team also found that flies and mice that didn’t have the ALK gene could stay thin even when they ate too much. And mice without the ALK gene had a lower body weight and less body fat even if they ate the same food and exercised just as much as normal mice.
The researchers say that targeting the gene might help scientists stop people from becoming overweight.
 
Penninger said that they could turn off the gene or change how it works, and see if that helps people stay thin.
 
🌏Summary
研究人員表示,他們可能找到一種基因,讓人們即使在吃很多的情況下,還是能保持苗條的身材。發表在科學期刊《細胞》中的一份研究裡,科學家使用愛沙尼亞年齡介於 20 歲至 44 歲間 47,000 多人的數據,發現一種基因與苗條有關。英屬哥倫比亞大學的資深作者 Josef Penninger 解釋,就是有人可以吃下幾乎所有他們想吃的東西,又沒有大量運動,不只不會變胖,還可以維持身體健康的狀態。「我們都認識這樣的人:這些人大約佔總人口數的百分之一。」研究人員表示,把目標放在關掉這種基因,或是改變其運作的模式,也許可以幫助人類保持苗條。
 
🌏Words & Phrases
gene基因
link連接
gain得到

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The percentage of adult Japanese men who are obese has increased over the past few years, according to a survey by the country's government.
Kyodo reports that the percentage of Japanese men with a body mass index (BMI) of over 25 didn't change much between 2009 and 2013. However, survey data from 2,836 households in 2019 found that 33% of adult Japanese men have a BMI of over 25. This is an increase of 4.4 percentage points from 2013.
 
BMI uses body weight and height to measure if a person's weight is healthy. The Japanese government defines
obesity as having a BMI of 25. However, the World Health Organization defines a BMI of over 25 as overweight, and a BMI of over 30 as obese.
 
The research also found 39.7% of men in their 40s and 39.2% of men in their 50s were obese according to Japan's definition.
 
However, 39.3% of obese men said they had no interest in improving their diet, or thought they should but didn't plan to. The survey found that 22.3% of Japanese women are obese, and among them, 33.1% aren't interested in changing how they eat.
 
Among all adults, including those who are not obese, 41.6% of men and 52.8% of women said they were too busy to eat better or exercise more.
 
🌏Summary
調查顯示,日本成年男性肥胖的比例在過去幾年來持續上升。BMI 透過體重和身高來計算一個人的體重是否健康。然而,許多肥胖的男性表示,他們並不想改變生活習慣。主要是因為他們太過忙碌,沒辦法吃得更好或是多運動。
 
🌏Words & Phrases
obesity肥胖
household家庭
height高度

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A study of 1.1 million people has found that women in the UK, the US and the Netherlands have more trouble sleeping than men.The study, which was published in Nature Human Behaviour, used research from previous studies of people in the three countries.Women were found to experience symptoms of insomnia more often than men: they were more likely to have trouble falling asleep and staying asleep all night, and were more likely to wake up early.
 
The study also showed that women use sleep medication more often than men. However, women did not report feeling sleepier than men during the day.
 
Adults between the ages of 26 and 40 were least likely to experience symptoms of insomnia, while symptoms were most common among those over 65.
 
It was also found that one in four people slept less than the recommended amount for their age, but that rose to more than 50% among teenagers.
 
🌏Summary
研究發現女性比男性更容易失眠,更常使用安眠藥。不過,女性並沒有回報在白天的時候比男性更容易感到想睡覺。26 歲至 40 歲的成人經歷失眠的可能性最低,65 歲以上的人最容易失眠。研究還發現,每四個人之中,就有一個人的睡眠時間低於其年齡的建議睡眠量,青少年族群甚至最為嚴重。
 
🌏Words & Phrases
trouble煩惱, 困難
symptom症狀
insomnia失眠

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By the time Michelle Rasul had learned to read and write, she was already making music. Now, at the age of 9, she's one of the world's top DJs and even competed in this year's DMC World DJ Championships.
Michelle, who's from Azerbaijan but lives in Dubai, was inspired by watching her father DJ-ing.
"When I turned 5 on my birthday, I told him, 'Dad, I want to be a world famous DJ. I'm going to start practicing,'" Michelle told The Associated Press.
Michelle, the youngest-ever contestant in this year's world championship, came 14th out of 85 DJ stars from around the world in the "Portablist" category. The 2021 competition was held online due to the coronavirus pandemic.
From the moment her parents gave Michelle her first piece of DJ equipment, they knew she was talented. Even as a baby, she was interested in DJ-ing, and would press all the buttons on her father's equipment.

🌏Summary
在 Michelle Rasul 學會閱讀和寫字之前,她已經在創作音樂了。 她現在九歲,是全球最頂尖的 DJ 之一,她甚至參加了今年的 DMC 世界 DJ 錦標賽,在今年度錦標賽中,是史上最年輕的參賽者。Michelle父母在她還是小嬰兒的時候,就知道她很有才華。當 Michelle 父母從事 DJ 工作時,她就會想按 DJ 設備上的按鈕。

🌏Words & Phrases
DJ唱片騎師
contestant參賽者
category種類

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Dried yellow mealworms could soon be sold in supermarkets and restaurants in Europe after a decision by the European Commission. The mealworm is the larvae of the Tenebrio molitor beetle.On May 4, the commission agreed to allow the insect to be sold as a food. The EU will make a new law allowing the change in the coming weeks.
 
The decision came after the European Food Safety Authority said in January that the worms were safe to eat. Researchers said the worms, either eaten whole or as a powder, can be eaten on their own as a snack or used to make other foods.The UN Food and Agriculture Organization says insects are a healthy food that is high in fat, protein, vitamins, fibers and minerals.However, people who are allergic to crustaceans and dust mites may also be allergic to mealworms, the Commission said.

At the moment, only a very small amount of the food sold in the EU is made from insects, but EU officials say that farming them for food could be good for the environment. This is because farming insects uses less food, water, and land. Insects can also be fed using food that would normally be wasted.
 
🌏Summary
歐洲食品安全局表示這些粉蟲可以安全食用，才會出現這個決定。 歐盟糧食及農業組織表示，昆蟲是健康的食物，富含脂肪、蛋白、維生素、膳食纖維及礦物質。目前，歐盟販售的食物中只有很少的數量是由昆蟲製成，但歐盟官員表示，以食用目的飼養牠們對環境有益。 這是因為飼養昆蟲使用較少的食物、水和土地。 昆蟲也能夠以通常會被浪費掉的食物來餵食。
 
🌏Words & Phrases
larva幼蟲
protein蛋白質
fiber纖維


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