通勤學英語 15Mins Today

大家敲碗的Vocab正式回歸！新的一季，我們會每週週三準時上架，一樣的進行時事討論，讓大家聽聽最擬真的全英對話，吸收主題相關詞彙用語以及觀點～

Summary:

A recent high school incident went viral on social media and made headlines everywhere. The short clip that went viral showed a female music teacher expressing her disapproval of her student's presentation. In this episode, Angel and I discuss our high school years and how we behaved in class.

Reference article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2022/03/14/2003774755

Vocabulary:

1.Have/throw a fit 大發脾氣

She'll throw a fit when she sees the mess you've made.她一旦看見你弄的這一團糟會大發脾氣的。

1. All-boys school 男校

John attended an all-boys primary and an all-boys high school. John老師上了一所全男生的小學和高中

1. Curriculum 課程

Teachers must follow the curriculum when delivering class content. 教師在上課時必須遵守課程編排

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.K342: Russia’s invasion is accelerating splinternet, French envoy says

Russia’s war in Ukraine is hastening the arrival of the “splinternet” (also referred to as cyber-balkanization or Internet balkanization), a forced division of cyberspace under the control of competing political blocs, France’s digital affairs envoy, Henri Verdier said.

法國數位事務大使亨利·維迪爾（Henri Verdier）說，俄羅斯在烏克蘭的戰爭加速了"分裂網"（也稱為網路巴爾幹化）的到來，這是在相互競爭的政治集團控制下被迫分裂網路空間。

As Russia accelerates domestic online censorship and Ukraine calls for Russia to be taken offline, Verdier said any transition by Russia to move toward an independent Internet “would have very severe consequences.” He warned that nation-states might be more tempted to launch devastating cyberattacks they were sure they would be insulated from the results.

隨著俄羅斯加速國內在線審查，烏克蘭呼籲俄羅斯下線，Verdier表示，俄羅斯對於網路獨立的任何行為 "都將產生非常嚴重的後果"。他警告說，民族國家可能更傾向於發動毀滅性的網路攻擊，他們確信自己將與結果絕緣。

“Today if I break the Russian Internet, probably I will break my own Internet, because it’s the same,” Verdier said, arguing the shared nature of the World Wide Web protected all users from losing service.

"今天，如果我打破了俄羅斯的互聯網，我可能會打破我自己的互聯網，因為它是一樣的，"Verdier說，他認為網際網路的共用性質保護了所有使用者免於失去服務。

“If we have two or three or four Internets, the temptation to disconnect the other will be very high,” warned Verdier, adding that authoritarian countries could try to take democratic countries offline if such mutual dependence were lost.

"如果我們有兩個、三個或四個網際網路，斷開彼此的連接的誘惑將非常高，"Verdier警告說，並補充說，如果失去這種相互依賴，威權國家可能會試圖讓民主國家離線。

The comments from Verdier, who visited Washington to discuss the war with his counterparts at the US Department of State, the National Security Council, underscore growing concern that Russia could realize its suspected intention to establish a more “sovereign” Internet. Web policy experts, geopolitical analysts and individual web users in Moscow previously suggested that Russian leadership would use the war to advance such plans.

Verdier訪問了華盛頓，與美國國務院國家安全委員會的同行討論戰爭，他的評論突顯了人們越來越擔心俄羅斯可能會實現其建立更"主權"網際網路的可疑意圖。莫斯科的網路政策專家、地緣政治分析人士和個人網路使用者此前曾表示，俄羅斯領導層將利用這場戰爭來推進此類計劃。

Since Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, Russia has sped up its Internet isolation, increasing domestic online censorship by blocking Meta Inc.’s Facebook and Instagram, and limiting Twitter Inc., for example. Companies such as Apple Inc., Microsoft Corp. and Netflix Inc. have also limited their presence, while some foreign Internet service providers have started to withdraw services.

自莫斯科入侵烏克蘭以來，俄羅斯加快了對網路的孤立，通過阻止Meta Inc.的Facebook和Instagram以及限制Twitter Inc.來增加國內在線審查。蘋果公司（Apple Inc.）、微軟公司（Microsoft Corp.）和Netflix公司（Netflix Inc.）等公司也限制了他們的存在，而一些外國互聯網服務提供者已經開始撤回服務。

Verdier said he was worried by attempts “to weaponize institutional governance of the Internet.” “I feel we could be close to the fragmentation of the Internet,” he said. “My main concern is...will the unique, neutral, multi-stakeholder, free Internet survive this crisis? I’m not sure.”

Verdier表示，他對試圖"將網路的治理制度武器化"的企圖感到擔憂。我覺得我們可能接近互聯網的碎片化，"他說：我主要擔心的是...獨特的、中立的、多方利益相關者的、自由的互聯網能否在這場危機中倖存下來？我不確定。

A senior US State Department official said the acceleration toward the splinternet was “everything that Putin has ever wanted,” saying his attempt to establish sovereign boundaries in cyberspace was intended to control his people. “He wanted a new Iron Curtain; that’s what he’s doing. He just found an easy way to do it, where everybody’s helping him.”

美國國務院一名高級官員表示，加速分裂是"普京一直想要的一切"，稱他試圖在網路空間建立主權邊界的目的是控制他的人民。"他想要一個新的鐵幕;這就是他正在做的事情。他只是找到了一個簡單的方法來做到這一點，每個人都在幫助他。

“A lot of authoritarian countries would quite like a ‘Great Firewall of China’ model but didn’t have that foresight; now some are trying to reverse-engineer it,” said Emily Taylor, research associate at the Oxford Internet Institute, referring to Beijing’s extensive ecosystem of controls that block online content.

"許多威權主義國家非常喜歡'中國防火牆'模式，但沒有這種遠見;現在有些人正試圖對它進行逆向工程，「牛津網路研究所（Oxford Internet Institute）研究員艾米麗·泰勒（Emily Taylor）說，她指的是北京封鎖在線內容的廣泛控制生態系統。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/03/29/2003775607

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K341: Keelung lures visitors with rainy-day discounts

Keelung is a rainy city, especially this year, but rain is also a selling point for Keelung. The city government has launched a creative marketing campaign called “a date in the rain,” whereby people can enjoy special rainy-day discounts by simply subscribing to the “ting-a-kha” Line instant messenger account. Keelung Mayor Lin Yu-chang invites everyone to savor a special kind of pleasure by sipping coffee on a rainy day.

基隆是一個多雨的城市，尤其是今年，但雨水也是基隆的賣點。市政府發起了一項名為「雨中約會」的創意行銷活動，人們只需訂閱「ting-a-kha」Line即時通訊帳戶即可享受特殊的雨天折扣。基隆市市長林玉昌邀請大家在雨天喝咖啡，享受一種特別的樂趣。

Lin says the “ting-a-kha” Line account is Taiwan’s first creative marketing campaign that takes rainfall as the benchmark for offering discounts, and the more it rains, the bigger the discount. He says the plan has received a good response from a large number of local businesses, including cafes, specialty restaurants and souvenir shops.

林說，「ting-a-kha」Line帳戶是臺灣第一個以降雨為基準提供折扣的創意行銷活動，雨越大，折扣就越大。他說，該計劃得到了大量當地企業的良好回應，包括咖啡館，特色餐廳和紀念品商店。

Lin says the Line account’s name “ting-a-kha” alludes to Keelungers’ habit of drinking coffee in covered walkways, where the romantic view of a rainy street forms a different kind of ambience. By touring Keelung on a rainy day, visitors can soak up this unusual atmosphere and get a discount at the same time.

林說，Line帳戶的名字"ting-a-kha"暗指基隆格人在有蓋人行道上喝咖啡的習慣，在那裡，下雨街道的浪漫景色形成了一種不同的氛圍。在雨天遊覽基隆，遊客可以沉浸在這種不尋常的氛圍中，同時享受折扣。

Director Tanya Tseng of Keelung City Government’s Department of Tourism and City Marketing says that the “ting-a-kha” Line account launched by the city government in cooperation with a local company combines communication software with rainfall data and uses a back-end database and system computing to transmit retailers’ discounts according to the current day’s rainfall, with discounts of up to 15 percent or special offers of free food items, but this kind of discount is not available if you visit on a sunny day. Consumers can simply scan a QR code to keep track of Keelung’s weather and use the “ting-a-kha” functions, she said.

基隆市政府旅遊和城市行銷部主任Tanya Tseng表示，市政府與當地公司合作推出的「ting-a-kha」Line帳戶將通信軟體與降雨量數據相結合，並使用後端資料庫和系統計算根據當天的降雨量傳輸零售商的折扣，折扣高達15%或免費食品的特別優惠， 但是，如果您在陽光明媚的日子里訪問，則無法獲得這種折扣。她說，消費者可以簡單地掃描二維碼來跟蹤基隆的天氣，並使用"ting-a-kha"功能。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/03/19/2003775029

Topic: Online scammer sold electronic gadgets, sent rotten bananas
A man surnamed Fang has been charged with concocting several nicknames to sell consumer electronics goods on social networking platforms concerned with second-hand items such as cellphones and game consoles. After one of his victims remitted payment for a graphics card, the buyer actually received a bunch of bananas, while someone else bought a Sony Playstation 5 game console but instead received tubes of toothpaste. The Kaohsiung City Police Department Criminal Investigation Corps (CIC) set up a task force, which traveled to Yilan County to search premises rented by Fang. Fang vehemently denied any involvement, but his denial was contradicted by evidence provided by the victims and a friend whose account had been used for the transaction. The police transferred him to the Yilan District Prosecutors’ Office on suspicion of fraud and a court granted the prosecutors’ request to hold him in detention.
一名姓方的男子被指控編造多個綽號，在與手機和遊戲機等二手商品有關的社交網絡平台上銷售消費電子產品。在他的一個受害者支付了顯卡費用後，買家實際上收到了一堆香蕉，而其他人購買了索尼 Playstation 5 遊戲機，卻收到了幾管牙膏。高雄市公安局刑偵總隊成立專案組，前往宜蘭縣搜查方某租用的房屋。方極力否認與此事有任何牽連，但他的否認與受害者提供的證據以及賬戶被用於交易的朋友提供的證據相矛盾。警方以涉嫌詐騙罪將他移送宜蘭區檢察院，法院批准了檢察機關拘留他的請求。
Speaking on Feb. 17, a spokesperson for the Kaohsiung CIC’s Eighth Detective Team said that a chip shortage and the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a worldwide shortage of PS5 game consoles, and this has forced people to buy them from second-hand device sales platforms instead, where they may even have to pay more than the recommended retail price. Realizing that many gamers were seeking to buy these devices through certain Facebook groups, 36-year-old Fang cooked up Facebook identities with nicknames like “Chou Chieh-lun,” “Chou Yu-min” and “Yang Lai-kuo” and offered to sell PS5 consoles, hot-selling second-hand cellphones and other consumer electronics goods at 10 percent off the market price. This attracted many people to place orders, but they ended up getting swindled.
2 月 17 日，高雄刑大八組發言人表示，晶片短缺和 COVID-19 大流行導致全球 PS5 遊戲機短缺，這迫使人們從二手設備銷售中購買它們相反，他們甚至可能不得不支付超過建議零售價的費用。意識到許多遊戲玩家正在通過某些 Facebook 群組尋求購買這些設備，36 歲的方方在 Facebook 上編造了“周杰倫”、“周玉敏”和“楊來國”等暱稱，並提供以低於市價 10% 的價格出售 PS5 遊戲機、熱銷的二手手機和其他消費電子產品。這吸引了很多人下訂單，但最終都被騙了。
The CIC estimates that at least 60 people fell victim to this scam between July last year and February this year, and were defrauded by a total of at least NT$1.2 million. Fang denied everything. He said he did not know “Chou Chieh-lun,” “Chou Yu-min” and “Yang Lai-kuo” and claimed that these three Facebook accounts did not belong to him.
刑大估計，去年7月至今年2月間，至少有60人受騙，被騙金額至少新台幣120萬元。方否認一切。他說他不認識“周杰倫”、“周玉敏”和“楊來國”，並聲稱這三個臉書賬號不屬於他。
The police believe that the suspect used this technique not only to evade the law by throwing up a smokescreen of civil disputes, but also to make his victims believe that the items had been mistakenly sent to the wrong recipients. This would make it take longer for his account to be put on a watch list, thus giving him more time to make his ill-gotten gains. After being arrested, Fang claimed that the cellphone was not his, but the police still handed him over to the prosecutors’ office on suspicion of fraud.
警方認為，犯罪嫌疑人利用這種技術不僅通過引發民事糾紛的煙幕來逃避法律，而且還使他的受害者相信這些物品被錯誤地發送給了錯誤的收件人。這將使他的帳戶被列入觀察名單的時間更長，從而使他有更多時間來賺取不義之財。被捕後，方稱手機不是他的，但警方仍以涉嫌詐騙罪將其移交檢察院。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/03/05/2003774192
 
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Topic: A Global Effort to Bring Rare Books In Rome to an Online Audience
Modern-day church scholars may find the going easier. Some of the texts at the library of the Pontifical Oriental Institute, a graduate school in Rome dedicated to the study of the Eastern branch of Christianity, have just been digitized and will soon be at the fingertips of a global audience.
現代教會學者可能會發現這件事變得更容易。羅馬宗座東方學院（一所致力於研究基督教東方分支的研究生院）圖書館的一些文本剛剛被數位化，很快就會被全球觀眾所接受。
The first digitized versions will be available to the public in mid-2022, the product of a charitable initiative that connected the institute with technology companies in the United States and Germany.
第一批數位化版本將於2022年年中向公眾開放，這是一項慈善活動的產物，該計劃將該研究所與美國和德國的科技公司結合起來。
The companies, said the Rev. David Nazar, the institute’s rector, understood the project's value. Many of the books come from countries such as Syria, Lebanon and Iraq, where turmoil put entire collections at risk. Others come from countries where authoritarian censorship was equally threatening.
該研究所的校長大衛·納扎爾（David Nazar）牧師說，這些公司瞭解該項目的價值。許多書來自敘利亞、黎巴嫩和伊拉克等國，那裡的動盪使整個藏品處於危險之中。其他人則來自威權審查制度同樣具有威脅性的國家。
“We’re not a hospital, we’re not in the fields of Syria,” he said, “but we have students that come from there, who study here because our resources haven’t been destroyed by war.”
"我們不是醫院，我們不是在敘利亞的田野裡，"他說，"但我們有來自那裡的學生，他們在這裡學習，因為我們的資源沒有被戰爭摧毀。
Although most of the institute’s titles are not recognizable to the general public, they are precious to scholars. They include volumes such as a Greek first edition of liturgies of John Chrysostom, an early church father, printed in Rome in 1526.
雖然該研究所的大多數頭銜不為公眾所認可，但它們對學者來說卻是珍貴的。它們包括一些卷，例如早期教會父親約翰·克裡斯托姆（John Chrysostom）的希臘語第一版禮儀，於1526年在羅馬印刷。
“The library is unique in the world,” said Gabriel Radle, a professor at the University of Notre Dame who studied at the institute.
曾在該學院研究的聖母大學教授拉德爾說：「這個圖書館在世上獨一無二。」
Its volumes cover the broad gamut that is Eastern Christianity, a term for the traditions and denominations developed in the first centuries of the church in Jerusalem and the Middle East, spreading through Greece, Turkey and Eastern Europe, north to Russia, south to Egypt and Ethiopia, and as far east as India.
它的經典涵蓋了東方基督教的廣泛範圍，東方基督教是耶路撒冷和中東教會最初幾個世紀發展起來的傳統和教派的術語，傳播到希臘，土耳其和東歐，北到俄羅斯，南到埃及和衣索比亞，東到印度。
The first set of books to be digitized were scanned by an eight-member team from a Long Island, New York, company, Seery Systems Group, using scanning technology from SMA of Germany.
第一套數位化的圖書是由紐約長島公司Seery Systems集團一個八人團隊，使用德國SMA公司掃描技術進行掃描。
The digitized books will be managed via ShelterZoom, a New York company. Chao Cheng-Shorland, CEO of ShelterZoom, said she visited the library this past year and got very excited about the project.
數位化書籍將通過紐約公司ShelterZoom進行管理。ShelterZoom首席執行官Chao Cheng-Shorland表示，她去年參觀了圖書館，並對該專案感到非常興奮。
“It’s unique, not just in the technology sense but also in the sense of contributing to such a wonderful piece of history,” she said.
"這是獨一無二的，不僅在技術意義上，而且在為這樣一段美好的歷史做出貢獻的意義上，"她說。 Source article: https://udn.com/news/story/6904/6076914
 
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Topic: Australia battles Big Tech over news revenue-sharing law
 
Facebook Inc has blocked Australian users from sharing and viewing news content on its popular social media platform, escalating a dispute with the government over paying media publishers for content.
備受歡迎的社群媒體臉書，將其澳洲平台上的新聞內容封鎖，不讓澳洲用戶查看及分享新聞內容。政府要求社群平台刊登新聞內容須付費給新聞發行業者，臉書此舉加劇了與政府間之爭端。
While Big Tech and media outlets have battled over the right to news content in other jurisdictions, Australia’s looming law represents the most expansive reform and is being closely watched around the world.
科技巨頭和媒體業者已在其他司法管轄區互相爭奪使用新聞內容的權利，但澳洲這項山雨欲來的法律代表著層面最廣的改革，全世界都在密切關注。
The so-called Media Bargaining Code has been designed by the government and competition regulator to address a power imbalance between the social media giants and publishers when negotiating payment for news content used on the tech firms’ sites. The proposed legislation has reached a crunch point, with widespread support in parliament, where it is expected to be voted into law within days.
澳洲政府及競爭監管機構規畫了所謂的「媒體議價法令」，以解決社群媒體巨頭與新聞發行業者談判時權力不平衡的問題，促使科技公司為其網站所使用之新聞內容付費。該立法提案已到了關鍵時刻，得到國會的廣泛支持，預計將在未來幾天內表決通過成為法律。
In recent years, traditional media companies operating in Australia have suffered huge hits to income streams, due to dwindling subscriptions and advertising. For every A$100 spent on online advertising in Australia, excluding classifieds, nearly one-third goes to Google and Facebook, the competition regulator has said.
近年來，由於訂戶及廣告量的萎縮，澳洲的傳統媒體公司收入大減。競爭監管機構表示，在澳洲，每一百澳幣的網路廣告費中（不包括分類廣告），有近三分之一是落入谷歌及臉書的口袋。
Facebook said that the law “fundamentally misunderstands” the relationship between itself and publishers and it faced a stark choice of attempting to comply with it or ban news content. It said its platform generates billions of free referrals to Australian publishers worth significant sums to the media companies.
臉書表示，該法律「從根本上誤解了」它與新聞發行業者間之關係，讓臉書面臨困難的選擇——不知該力圖遵循該法律，抑或封鎖新聞內容。臉書表示，其平台為澳洲新聞發行業者免費帶來數十億個推薦連結，這對媒體公司而言是一筆很大的收益。
Alphabet Inc-owned Google, however, has backed down from a threat to withdraw its main search engine from Australia if the laws go ahead, and has instead struck deals with some of the country’s major commercial publishers. They include a global deal with News Corp for an unnamed sum in one of the most extensive deals of its kind with Big Tech.
然而，Alphabet旗下的谷歌已不再威脅說，若該法案通過，便要撤出它在澳洲的主要搜尋引擎，而是與澳洲一些主要商業出版商談好了條件。其中包括與跨國新聞集團News Corp達成的一項全球性的交易，金額不詳，這是此類與科技巨頭所達成規模最大的交易之一。
Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2021/02/22/2003752624

胖跟聰明還有什麼說法 Other ways to say fat and smart

Other ways to say: FAT

1. Bulky

John is a bulky man with balding hair.

1. Heavy

He was short and heavy.

1. Plump

He's got rather plump since I last saw him

1. Overweight

He used to be very overweight.

1. Obese

She was not just overweight; she was clinically obese.

1. Chubby

Do you think I'm too chubby?

1. Roly-poly

He was a roly-poly little man.

Other ways to say: SMART

1. Clever

My sister has always been the clever one in our family.

1. Bright (informal)

I was convinced that he was brighter than average.

1. Intelligent

Surely an intelligent person like you can deal with this.

1. Brilliant

He was a brilliant scientist.

1. Canny

He was far too canny to risk giving himself away.

1. Brainy (informal)

Sarah is beautiful and brainy.

1. No/nobody's fool

Her eyes shone with intelligence: she was nobody's fool.

開口說說故事時間：

用fat 與smart同義字來分享自己/親人/朋友/同事的故事

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K340: In Europe, Doors Shut to Mideast Migrants Are Flung Open for Ukrainians

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has pushed tens of thousands of people out of their homes and fleeing across borders to escape violence. But unlike the refugees who have flooded Europe in crises over the past decade, they are being welcomed.

俄羅斯對烏克蘭的入侵已將數萬人趕出家園，並越過邊境逃離暴力。但與過去十年來湧入歐洲危機的難民不同，他們受到了歡迎。

Countries that have for years resisted taking in refugees from wars in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan are now opening their doors to Ukrainians as Russian forces carry out a nationwide military assault. More than 2.4 million refugees have left Ukraine, according to United Nations estimates, and at least half of them have crowded onto trains, jammed highways or walked to get across their country’s borders in what officials warn could become the world’s next refugee crisis.

多年來一直拒絕接收來自敘利亞，伊拉克和阿富汗戰爭的難民的國家現在正在向烏克蘭人敞開大門，因為俄羅斯軍隊在全國範圍內進行軍事攻擊。據聯合國估計，已有超過240萬難民離開烏克蘭，其中至少有一半擠在火車上，堵塞高速公路或步行到烏克蘭。越過他們國家的邊界，官員們警告說，這可能成為世界上下一個難民危機。

U.N. and U.S. officials described their concerted diplomatic push for Ukraine’s neighbors and other European nations to respond to the outpouring of need. President Joe Biden “is certainly prepared” to accept refugees from Ukraine, Jen Psaki, the White House press secretary, said Thursday, but she noted that the majority of them would probably choose to remain in Europe so they could more easily return home once the fighting ended.

聯合國和美國官員描述了他們協調一致的外交努力，要求烏克蘭的鄰國和其他歐洲國家應對大量的需求。 白宮新聞秘書珍·普薩基（Jen Psaki）週四表示，總統喬·拜登（Joe Biden）"當然準備"接受來自烏克蘭的難民，但她指出，他們中的大多數人可能會選擇留在歐洲，這樣一旦戰鬥結束，他們就可以更容易地返回家園。

That means thousands will end up in countries led by nationalist governments that in past crises have been reluctant to welcome refugees or even blocked them.

這意味著成千上萬的人最終將進入由民族主義政府領導的國家，這些國家在過去危機中一直不願歡迎難民，甚至不願阻止他們。

In Poland, government officials assisted by American soldiers and diplomats have set up processing centers for Ukrainians. The Polish government is spending hundreds of millions of dollars on a border wall, a project it began after refugees and migrants from the Middle East tried to reach the country last year but ended up marooned in neighboring Belarus.

在波蘭，政府官員在美國士兵和外交官的協助下，為烏克蘭人建立了處理中心。波蘭政府正在花費數億美元修建邊境牆，該專案始於去年來自中東的難民和移民試圖到達該國，但最終被困在鄰國白俄羅斯。

The military in Hungary is allowing in Ukrainians through sections of the border that had been closed. Hungary’s hard-line prime minister, Viktor Orban, has previously called refugees a threat to his country, and his government has been accused of caging and starving them.

匈牙利軍方允許烏克蘭人通過已經關閉的部分邊界。匈牙利強硬派總理維克多·歐爾班（Viktor Orban）此前曾稱難民是對其國家的威脅，他的政府被指控將他們關在籠子里，使他們挨餓。

Farther west, Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer said that “of course we will take in refugees if necessary” in light of the crisis in Ukraine.

在更遠的西部，奧地利總理卡爾·內哈默爾（Karl Nehammer）表示，鑒於烏克蘭的危機，"如有必要，我們當然會接納難民"。

As recently as last fall, when he was serving as interior minister, Nehammer sought to block some Afghans seeking refuge after the Taliban overthrew the government in Kabul.

就在去年秋天，當他擔任內政部長時，內哈默爾試圖阻止一些阿富汗人在塔利班推翻喀布爾政府后尋求庇護。Source article: https://udn.com/news/story/6904/6158664

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K339: About USA - 74% of NYC Voters Say Crime Is a Serious Problem in the City, an All-Time High

As much as 74 percent of voters in New York City say crime is a very serious problem in the city, reaching the highest level since the topic was included in the Quinnipiac University Poll in 1999.

紐約市多達74％的選民表示，犯罪是該市一個非常嚴重的問題，這是自1999年昆尼皮亞克大學民意調查納入該主題以來的最高紀錄。

Crime ranks as the most urgent issue facing New York City, according to the survey. As much as 46 percent of respondents say crime is the most urgent issue facing the mega city making it the top issue while affordable housing and homelessness issues have 14 percent and 9 percent in favor, respectively.

根據這項調查，犯罪是紐約市面臨的最緊迫問題。多達46％的受訪者表示，犯罪是這座巨型城市面臨的最緊迫問題，使其成為首要問題，而負擔得起的住房和無家可歸問題，分別有14％ 和9％ 的受訪者表示認同。

Meanwhile, 43 percent of voters say New York City is less safe compared with other big cities, which is the highest level since the question was first asked by Quinnipiac in 2003.

與此同時，43％的選民表示，相較於其他大城市，紐約市更不安全，這是自2003年昆尼皮亞克大學提出這項問題以來的最高紀錄。

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堪薩斯州女子在傳統鬆餅賽贏了英格蘭 Kansas woman wins traditional pancake race against England

A woman from Liberal, Kansas, is this year’s champion of the traditional Pancake Day Race against women in Olney, England.

一名來自堪薩斯州利伯勒爾的女性，在傳統「鬆餅日大賽」力抗英格蘭奧爾尼女子組，是今年的冠軍。

Whitney Hay won the U.S. leg of the race in Liberal on Tuesday with a time of 1:07. That beat Katie Godof of Olney, England, who ran her race in 1:10.

惠特尼．海伊週二以1分7秒的時間，在利伯勒爾舉行的美國賽程中獲勝。這擊敗了英格蘭奧爾尼的凱蒂．戈多夫，她以1分10秒完賽。

The race returned after a hiatus in 2021 because of the coronavirus pandemic.

這場比賽在2021年因武漢肺炎大流行喊卡之後重新回歸。

Contestants must carry a pancake in a frying pan and flip it at the beginning and end of the 380-meter race. The event began in Olney in the 15th century. In 1950, Liberal challenged Olney to an international competition.

參賽者必須在煎鍋中攜帶煎餅，並在380米比賽的開始和結束時翻轉。該事件始於15世紀的奧爾尼。1950年，Liberal鎮向奧爾尼鎮發起了國際競爭。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1504336 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1503943

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K337: How the Coronavirus Steals the Sense of Smell

Few of COVID-19’s peculiarities have piqued as much interest as anosmia, the abrupt loss of smell that has become a well-known hallmark of the disease. COVID patients lose this sense even without a stuffy nose; the loss can make food taste like cardboard and coffee smell noxious, occasionally persisting after other symptoms have resolved.

很少有COVID-19的特殊性像嗅覺喪失那樣引起人們的興趣，嗅覺喪失已成為該疾病的一個眾所周知的標誌。 即使沒有鼻塞，COVID患者也會失去這種感覺;這種損失會使食物嘗起來像紙板和咖啡一樣有毒，偶爾會在其他癥狀消退後持續存在。

Scientists are now beginning to unravel the biological mechanisms, which have been something of a mystery: The neurons that detect odors lack the receptors that the coronavirus uses to enter cells, prompting a long debate about whether they can be infected at all.

科學家們現在開始解開生物學機制，這一直是一個謎：檢測氣味的神經元缺乏冠狀病毒用來進入細胞的受體，引發了關於它們是否可以被感染的長期爭論。

Insights gleaned from new research could shed new light on how the coronavirus might affect other types of brain cells, leading to conditions like “brain fog,” and possibly help explain the biological mechanisms behind long COVID — symptoms that linger for weeks or months after the initial infection.

從新研究中收集的見解可以揭示冠狀病毒如何影響其他類型的腦細胞，導致"腦霧"等疾病，並可能有助於解釋長期COVID背後的生物學機制 - 這些癥狀在最初感染後持續數周或數月。

The new work, along with earlier studies, settles the debate over whether the coronavirus infects the nerve cells that detect odors: It does not. But the virus does attack other supporting cells that line the nasal cavity, the researchers found.

這項新工作以及早期的研究解決了關於冠狀病毒是否會感染檢測氣味的神經細胞的爭論：它沒有。但研究人員發現，這種病毒確實會攻擊鼻腔內的其他支持細胞。

The infected cells shed virus and die, while immune cells flood the region to fight the virus. The subsequent inflammation wreaks havoc on smell receptors, proteins on the surface of the nerve cells in the nose that detect and transmit information about odors.

受感染的細胞脫落並死亡，而免疫細胞則淹沒該區域以對抗病毒。隨後的炎症對嗅覺受體造成嚴重破壞，嗅覺受體是鼻子神經細胞表面的蛋白質，可以檢測和傳遞有關氣味的資訊。

The process alters the sophisticated organization of genes in those neurons, essentially short-circuiting them, the researchers reported.

研究人員報告說，這個過程改變了這些神經元中基因的複雜組織，基本上使它們短路。

Their paper significantly advances the understanding of how cells critical to the sense of smell are affected by the virus, despite the fact that they are not directly infected, said Dr. Sandeep Robert Datta, an associate professor of neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, who was not involved in the study.

他們的論文顯著推進了對嗅覺至關重要的細胞如何受到病毒影響的理解，儘管它們沒有直接感染，哈佛醫學院神經生物學副教授Sandeep Robert Datta博士說，他沒有參與這項研究。

“It’s clear that indirectly, if you affect the support cells in the nose, lots of bad things happen,” Datta said. “The inflammation in the adjacent cells triggers changes in the sensory neurons that prevent them from working properly.”

"很明顯，間接地，如果你影響鼻子中的支持細胞，就會發生很多不好的事情，"達塔說。 "相鄰細胞中的炎症觸發了感覺神經元的變化，使它們無法正常工作。"

Indeed, many complications of COVID appear to be caused by the immune system’s friendly fire as it responds to infection by flooding the bloodstream with inflammatory proteins called cytokines.

事實上，COVID的許多併發症似乎是由免疫系統的友好之火引起的，因為它通過用稱為細胞因數的炎症蛋白淹沒血液來應對感染。Source article: https://udn.com/news/story/6904/6158661

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K337: Not using a password manager? Here’s why you should be…

In a competitive field, passwords are one of the worst things about the Internet. Long and complex passwords are more secure but difficult to remember, leaving many people using weak and easy-to-guess credentials. One study by the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) revealed how millions are using their pet’s name, football team names, “password” and “123456” to access online services.

在競爭激烈的領域，密碼是網際網路最麻煩的事情之一。長而複雜的密碼更安全，但難以記住，使許多人使用弱且易於猜測的憑據。英國國家網路安全中心（NCSC）的一項研究揭示了數百萬人如何使用寵物的名字，足球隊名稱，"密碼"和"123456"來訪問在線服務。

But this leaves you wide open to attack: cybercriminals can crack weak passwords in seconds using automated tools. “A hacker needs roughly two seconds to crack an 11-character password made up of numbers,” says Alex Balan, director of security research at security company Bitdefender. If the password is more complex, containing numbers, symbols and uppercase and lowercase letters, the time needed to break it jumps to 400 years.

但是，這讓您容易受到攻擊：網路犯罪分子可以使用自動化工具在幾秒鐘內破解弱密碼。"駭客大約需要兩秒鐘才能破解由數字組成的11個字符的密碼，"安全公司Bitdefender的安全研究主管Alex Balan說。如果密碼更複雜，包含數位，符號以及大寫和小寫字母，則破解密碼所需的時間將跳到400年。

Experts say a good password should be unique and contain a combination of letters, numbers and special characters. The key to a strong one is length, says independent security researcher Sean Wright. “While password complexity does help, the length matters far more.” Experts recommend a minimum of 11 characters, more if possible.

專家說，一個好的密碼應該是唯一的，並包含字母，數位和特殊字元的組合。強密碼的關鍵是長度，獨立安全研究員肖恩·賴特（Sean Wright）說。"雖然密碼複雜性確實有説明，但長度更重要。專家建議至少使用 11 個字元，如果可能的話，可以多加個字元。

The typical internet user has about 100 sets of login details — memorizing this number of complex passwords is well beyond most people’s powers of recall.

典型的網際網路用戶有大約100組登錄詳細資訊 - 記住這麼多複雜的密碼遠遠超出了大多數人的回憶能力。

Password manager apps can resolve this problem by creating long and complex credentials for you, and remembering them the next time you log in. Yet only about one in five people in the UK use one, according to recent estimates.

密碼管理員應用程式可以通過為你建立冗長而複雜的密碼，並在下次登錄時記住它們來解決此問題。然而，根據最近的估計，英國只有大約五分之一的人使用一種。

Many people are put off by the hassle, while others are suspicious about allowing one company to store all of their passwords. How do you know which one is trustworthy, and what if the company is hacked?

許多人被麻煩勸退了，而另一些人則對允許一家公司存儲所有密碼持懷疑態度。你如何知道哪一個是值得信賴的，如果公司被駭客入侵怎麼辦？

It might seem daunting at first, but a password manager, such as 1Password, LastPass, Bitwarden or Dashlane, will make your life a lot easier.

乍一看似乎令人畏懼，但是密碼管理器（例如1Password，LastPass，Bitwarden或Dashlane）將使你的生活更加輕鬆。

If this all seems too technical, or you are managing passwords for an elderly parent or grandparent, there is another option. While they’re sometimes mocked, physical password books aren’t a bad idea, as long as you follow the guidelines in creating strong, unique logins, and the book is kept somewhere secure and doesn’t leave the house.

如果這一切看起來都太技術性，或者您正在管理年邁的父母或祖父母的密碼，那麼還有另一種選擇。雖然它們有時會被嘲笑，但實體密碼簿並不是一個壞主意，只要你遵循建立強大，獨特的登錄的準則，並且該書保存在安全的地方並且不會離開家。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/03/22/2003775199

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K336: About UK - London’s smallest microflat sells for 80% above asking price

A 7-square-metre microflat, cramming in a bed, toilet, shower, sink and a microwave tucked under the pillow, has sold for 80% above its minimum listing price at £90,000.

一間7平方公尺的微型公寓，以比開出的底價高80％的9萬英鎊售出；這間微型公寓塞進一張床、廁所、淋浴間、水槽和一台收在枕頭下方的微波爐。

The microflat, located in a Victorian conversion in Lower Clapton, east London, is believed to be the capital’s smallest-ever property, marking a turn towards tiny homes driven by the UK’s housing crisis of soaring rent and property prices.

這間位於倫敦東區下克萊普頓維多利亞時代建築改建的微型公寓，據信是這座首都歷來最小的房子，代表英國租金和房價高漲的居住危機，帶動轉向迷你住宅的趨勢。

The apartment had a minimum price at auction of £50,000, but sold at 80% higher at £90,000.

這間公寓的拍賣底價是5萬英鎊，卻以高出80％的9萬英鎊賣出。

It was bought for £103,500 in May 2017. But the owner has already recouped their investment by receiving £800 a month in rent.

屋主在2017年5月以10萬3500英鎊購入，但這筆資金已透過每月收取800英鎊租金回收。

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Topic: 英國數千座紅色電話亭將不被淘汰 Thousands of red UK phone boxes to be protected from closure

Britain’s iconic red payphone boxes may look like obsolete relics in an age of ubiquitous smartphones, but regulator Ofcom said they can still be a "lifeline" for people.

在智慧型手機隨處可見的時代，英國標誌性紅色付費電話亭或許看似過時產物，但英國通訊管理局說，這些電話亭也可以成為人們的「生命線」。

Ofcom is proposing rules to prevent 5,000 call boxes in areas with poor mobile coverage from being closed down. It said that phone booths in areas considered accident or suicide hotspots, and those that have had more than 52 calls made from them in the past 12 months, would also meet the criteria.

英國通訊管理局正提出新規定，避免手機普及率較低地區的5000座電話亭被關閉。該局說，常發生意外或自殺事件的地區，以及過去12個月撥打次數超過52次的電話亭，都符合留存標準。

BT Group says nearly half of the phone boxes in the U.K. have been removed due to the growth of the mobile phone industry. It said more than 6,500 call boxes have so far been converted into mini community libraries, art galleries or storage units for public defibrillators under a plan called "Adopt a Kiosk."

英國電信集團表示，由於行動電話產業的成長，英國近半數電話亭已被移除，另有6500座在「認養一座電話亭」計畫下，被改造成小型社區圖書館、藝廊或放置公用去顫器的空間。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1507341 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1500928