通勤學英語 15Mins Today

Welcome to 15mins.today the home of English Shadowing. I'm your host Gavin, and this is InTense Episode 53. Well guys we finished with pronouns. Now nouns and their undercover noun partners, pronouns are things, and so we use them to talk about everything in every sentence you have to have basically a noun. Now it would be awesome if it was as simple as that, but of course now we have to talk about the words that describe these nouns and pronouns and those are called adjectives. So, these are words that compliment a noun or a pronoun, so when we talk about the man, but we can say more about him “The man is strong.” That strong describes the man, the dog “The filthy dog.” filthy describes what the dog looks like, or “Thebeautiful dog.” Now of course if we change the dog to it you could say, “It is beautiful.”, same as “The dog is beautiful.” So, pronouns and nouns, when they get described by other words those are called adjectives and they do certain jobs, they tell us the following things like:

Drill Sentences:

Is Jane a beautiful woman? Yes, Jane is a beautiful woman.

Is Jane a beautiful woman? No, Jane is not a beautiful woman.

 

Is John a handsome man? Yes, John is a handsome man.

Is John a handsome man? No, John is not a handsome man.

 

Is the car expensive? Yes, it is expensive.

Is the car expensive? No, it is not expensive.

 

Is the kitten cute? Yes, the kitten is cute.

Is the kitten cute? No, the kitten is not cute.

 

Is Angela efficient? Yes, she is efficient.

Is Angela efficient? No, she is not efficient.

 

Is Peter rich? Yes, he is rich.

Is Peter rich? No, he is not rich.

 

Did Andrew and Robert buy six books? Yes, they bought six books.

Did Andrew and Robert buy six books? No, they did not buy six books.

 

Do you eat much sugar? Yes, I eat much sugar.

Do you eat much sugar? No, I do not eat much sugar.

 

Will Ethan buy a gold ring? Yes, he will buy a gold ring.

Will Ethan buy a gold ring? No, he will not buy a gold ring.

 

Did, Lucy eat those chocolates? Yes, she ate those chocolates.

Did Lucy eat those chocolates? No, she did not eat those chocolates.

 

Well, there you go guys, a quick introduction into adjectives, and our first kind which are common adjectives. Now, if you paid attention or noticed in the first few questions I made a small error, when I did the answers, I did not change the nouns to pronouns, I did not change the names of the people to he, she, it. But I caught myself after a couple of questions and I corrected that, so I hope that helps out. Again, I would stress, as long as you know it is an adjective you're dealing with, you don't really need to stress about what kind of adjective, just as long as you can recognize them. Great, I hope this is helpful and I'll catch you in the next episode, bye, bye!

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Summary:

The first article discusses how junk food messes with our brain chemistry, making us stupid and not feeling full. Thus triggering a desire for more junk food.

The second article found that if you need to sit all day, kneeling or squatting is much healthier for people, than sitting on a chair.

 原文章討論：https://www.15mins.today/blog/ep-847-about-scientific-research-certain-junk-foods-could-be

Vocabulary and Sample Sentences:

Undermine v.: make something weaker or less effective

Did the mistake undermine her confidence?

Would you fire someone who undermines your authority?

Amiss adj + adv.: not as it should be

Is there something amiss with your sleep patterns?

Is there something amiss with the climate?

Sedentary adj.: a lot of time sitting

Are you sedentary on the weekends?

Is a standing desk a great alternative to a sedentary lifestyle at work?

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.893: Wheels falling off China’s ‘deep fake’ car manufacturer

Chinese automobile manufacturer Zotye Auto is a household name in China. The company is famous for manufacturing copies of car models by luxury international brands including Audi, Porsche and Lamborghini. After a long delay, on June 22, Zotye Auto finally released its 2019 year end financial results. The report revealed that last year, the automaker suffered losses of 11.2 billion yuan (approximately NT$46.6 billion), or an average of 30 million yuan per day. The company’s market value also shrank from 30 billion yuan to a mere 3.6 billion yuan. Even worse, because the company is unable to guarantee the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of its financial report, Zotye Auto has been issued with a “risk of delisting warning” by Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

以模仿奧迪、保時捷、蘭寶堅尼等高級進口車，在中國家喻戶曉的車商眾泰汽車，六月二十二日終於發布二○一九年財報，顯示全年慘虧一百十二億元人民幣（以下同），約新台幣四百六十六億，相當於每天平均虧損三千萬，市值也由逾三百億縮水至僅剩三十六億元；更慘的是，該公司因為無法保證年報的真實性、準確性和完整性，已被深圳證券交易所實施「退市風險警示」。

Seemingly without a care for the outside world, Zotye Auto has been audaciously building slavish copies of imported luxury car models. The company became a household name in China after producing facsimile versions of the Audi Q3 (Zotye SR7), Porsche Macan (Zotye SR9) and Lamborghini Urus (Zotye Concept S). Due to Zotye Auto’s uncanny ability to produce lookalike cars, there is a joke currently doing the rounds in China: “If you want to get behind the wheel of a Lamborghini, pay a visit to Zotye Auto.”

眾泰汽車因為不顧外界觀瞻，大膽模仿進口名車，而在中國家喻戶曉，該公司推出的眾泰SR7模仿奧迪Q3，眾泰SR9模仿保時捷Macan ，眾泰Concept S模仿蘭寶堅尼Urus。由於模仿能力出眾，中國坊間甚至流傳著一句調侃話：「這輩子能不能開蘭寶堅尼，就看眾泰了！」

However, having relied on imitating the work of others, the company lacks home-grown innovation, while the quality of its vehicles has not kept pace with the sophistication of its copycat designs. Annual sales have been steadily falling too: in 2016, the company sold 330,000 vehicles. This fell to 310,000 in 2017 and only 230,000 in 2018. Zotye Auto initially set a sales target of 480,000 vehicles per year, yet in 2018 it failed to reach even half that figure. Last year, sales declined at an even steeper rate with the company only managing to shift 116,600 vehicles.

但靠著山寨別人，缺乏自主創新，且品質也未同步提升的營運模式畢竟無法持久。眾泰汽車二○一六年、二○一七年的年銷量還分別有三十三萬輛、三十一萬輛，但此後每況愈下，二○一八年僅剩二十三萬輛，為四十八萬輛的目標的一半不到，二○一九年進一步跌至十一點六六萬輛。

To make matters even worse, Zotye Auto chief executive Lou Guohai has stated that he cannot guarantee the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of his company’s year end financial report, citing various reasons including uncertainty over the company’s ability to continue operating, multiple lawsuits and outstanding obligations.

雪上加霜的是，眾泰汽車董事婁國海表示，無法保證該公司年報內容的真實性、準確性和完整性，理由包括：公司的持續經營能力存在較大不確定性，公司面臨眾多訴訟及擔保事項等。

Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2020/07/01/2003739125

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.892: FactCheck Center: Onions eaten with certain foods causing kidney stones rumors are false

Onions, with their sweet aroma, are a popular cooking ingredient, used in both Western and Eastern cuisines. Today, however, information is appearing online suggesting that onions should not be eaten with fish, shrimp, seaweed or honey, as these combinations cause kidney stones. But is there any truth to this? The Taiwan FactCheck Center asked dieticians and experts and confirmed that this information was false. Onion loving foodies everywhere can breathe a sigh of relief.

帶著甜味的洋蔥是熱門食材之一，足跡遍佈東西方料理界，但如今，網路上竟有「洋蔥不能和魚、蝦、海帶、蜂蜜一起吃」否則會產生腎結石的訊息，究竟是真是假？台灣事實查核中心求證營養師及專家，證實該消息為錯誤訊息，熱愛洋蔥的饕客大可放心。

According to information on certain social media platforms, onions should not be eaten together with fish, as the fish has a high protein content, and the oxalic acid in the onion will break down and destroy the protein in the fish and make it form a precipitate that is not easily absorbed by the human body. The rumor that onions should not be eaten with shrimp suggests that the calcium oxalate formed by the shrimp produces kidney stones, while the problem with eating onions with seaweed apparently comes from the large amounts of iodine and calcium found in the seaweed, which can easily form stones due to the oxalic acid in the onions. Finally, there are rumors saying that eating onions with honey can be bad for the eyes, and can lead to impaired vision or blindness.

社群平台流傳訊息稱，「哪些食物不能和洋蔥一起吃？洋蔥和魚不能一起吃，魚中含有豐富的蛋白質，洋蔥和魚同吃，洋蔥裡的草酸會分解、破壞魚中豐富的蛋白質，使之沉澱，不容易被人體消化吸收。洋蔥和蝦；洋蔥和蝦不能一起吃，蝦形成草酸鈣產生結石。洋蔥和海帶；洋蔥和海帶不能一起吃，海帶裡邊含有豐富的碘和鈣，洋蔥含有草酸，洋蔥和海帶一起吃容易形成結石。洋蔥和蜂蜜；洋蔥和蜂蜜不能一起吃，一起吃對眼睛不好，會引起眼睛的不適，嚴重的還會導致眼睛失明」。經查核中心求證營養領域專家，證實此為錯誤訊息。

After consulting dieticians and experts, the FactCheck center was able to disprove these rumors. According to Lee Pei-ni, director of the Department of Nutrition at Taipei Hospital, if one consumes large amounts of food containing oxalic acid, the body’s ability to absorb protein can be impaired. Onions, however, are not rich in oxalic acid, and people do not normally consume large amounts of onions in their meals (say, eight onions every meal continuously for a whole month), and therefore the situation indicated in the rumors is unlikely to happen.

針對蛋白質部分，臺北醫院營養科主任李佩霓指出，若攝取大量含草酸食物，食物中的草酸會干擾蛋白質的吸收，但洋蔥為低草酸食物，正常飲食狀況下並不會攝取大量洋蔥(如，一餐吃八顆洋蔥、連吃一個月等)，因此不會有傳言所指的狀況。

So, what about the rumor saying that eating onions together with shrimps or seaweed will lead to the formation of calcium oxalate, and thus to the formation of kidney stones? According to Lee, there are many factors contributing to the formation of stones, and a person in a normal state of health will not develop kidney stones from eating specific types of food. The old wives’ tale that one should not eat spinach with tofu, for example, carries little water.

傳言指出「洋蔥和蝦、海帶一起吃會形成草酸鈣，成為結石」，是否屬實？李佩霓解釋，影響結石形成的因素很多，一般健康狀態的人不會因為吃了特定食物就引起結石，如老謠言「菠菜不能和豆腐同時食用」，此為錯誤觀念。

Lee adds that, even though stones have a lot of calcium in them, that doesn’t mean that eating foods containing calcium and oxalic acid will be a major contributing factor to the formation of stones, which is more likely the result of the individual’s constitution or hereditary factors. It is sufficient for normally healthy people to maintain a balanced diet and to make sure they are getting enough food.

李佩霓也補充正確觀念指出，結石成分中有許多鈣，但是含鈣與含草酸的食物一起食用，並不是造成結石生成的主因，結石有可能是個人體質或遺傳等原因造成；建議一般人把握均衡飲食、足量飲水的兩大原則即可。

On the rumor that onions should not be eaten together with honey, or it could be bad for the eyes and even possibly lead to a loss of eyesight, Lee clarified that onions and honey are both natural foods and that, if eaten as part of a balanced diet, there will be no risk of impaired vision. One thing to bear in mind, however, is that raw onions can be relatively spicy and cause abdominal bloating, and so she recommends that people with relatively sensitive stomachs should eat them sparingly, so that it doesn’t place an overly large burden on the body.

又針對傳言「洋蔥和蜂蜜不能一起吃」否則對眼睛不好、可能釀失明部分，李佩霓澄清，洋蔥和蜂蜜各自都是天然的食物，在均衡飲食的狀況下，不會有失明的風險。唯一要留意的是，洋蔥生食較為辛辣，且容易造成腹部脹氣，建議腸胃較敏感者少量攝取，才不致造成身體過大的負擔。

Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2020/06/29/2003739005

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.891: Oldest and largest ancient Maya structure found in Mexico

Scientists using an aerial remote-sensing method have discovered the largest and oldest-known structure built by the ancient Maya civilization — a colossal rectangular elevated platform built between 1,000 and 800 BC in Mexico’s Tabasco state.

科學家日前利用空中遙測技術，發現馬雅古文明迄今所知最大規模、最古老的建築結構。該遺址是一座巨大的長方形高台，位在墨西哥的塔巴斯戈州，建造於西元前一千年到前八百年間。

The structure, unlike the soaring Maya pyramids at cities like Tikal in Guatemala and Palenque in Mexico erected some 1,500 years later, was not built of stone but rather of clay and earth, and likely was used for mass rituals, researchers said on June 3.

研究人員六月三日表示，該遺址迥異於馬雅文明一千五百多年後於瓜地馬拉的提卡爾和墨西哥的帕倫克等城市建造的高聳金字塔，並非由巨石堆砌而成，而是用黏土和泥土建成，可能是用來舉行大型祭祀活動。

Located at a site called Aguada Fenix near the Guatemalan border, the structure measured nearly 400m wide and 1,400m long and stood 10m to 15m high. In total volume, it exceeded ancient Egypt’s Great Pyramid of Giza built 1,500 years earlier.

此建築座落於一處稱為「阿瓜達芬尼克斯」的遺址，靠近瓜地馬拉的邊界，長一千四百公尺、寬幾乎達四百公尺，高度約為十到十五公尺。從總體積來看，此結構超過古埃及早一千五百年（即西元前兩千五百年）建造的吉薩大金字塔。

There were no signs of sculptures depicting high-status individuals, suggesting Maya culture at this early stage was more communal and only later developed social inequality and a hierarchical society led by royalty, the researchers said. “Because it is so large horizontally, if you walk on it, it just looks like natural landscape,” said University of Arizona archaeologist Takeshi Inomata, who led the research published in the journal Nature. “But its form comes out nicely in lidar.”

研究人員指出，這處遺址並未出現刻畫身居高位的個人雕塑，意味著馬雅文化在這個早期階段較為偏向「共治」，直到稍晚才發展出社會不平等的現象，以及由王室主導的階級制社會。美國亞利桑那大學的考古學家豬俁健是研究主持人，他表示：「因為這個結構和地面平行，規模又如此巨大，當人走在上面時，感覺就像是走在自然形成的地理景觀上。」豬俁健進一步補充說：「不過，透過光學雷達，遺址的結構就清楚地展現出來。」這份研究日前刊登於《自然》期刊。

Lidar, short for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote-sensing technique that employs a pulsed laser and other data obtained flying over a site to generate three-dimensional information about the shape of surface characteristics. Nine large causeways and a series of reservoirs were linked to the structure. Some parts of the rural Aguada Fenix site today are covered with cattle ranches. Other parts are wooded.

「光達」是「光線檢測與測距」的簡稱，是一種運用脈衝雷射的遙測技術，配合受測地點上空獲得的其它資料，產生地貌特徵的3D資訊。這次發現的大型結構，與九條大型堤道和一系列蓄水設施相連。地處鄉間的阿瓜達芬尼克斯遺址，今日部分地區被養牛的牧場覆蓋，其它部分則被繁茂的樹林遮蔽。

“It is probable that many people from surrounding areas gathered for special occasions, possibly tied to calendrical cycles,” Inomata said. “The rituals probably involved processions along the causeways and within the rectangular plaza. The people also deposited symbolic objects such as jade axes in the center of the plateau.”

豬俁健表示：「許多來自周圍地區的人，可能會在特殊場合在此聚會，或許和曆法的週期有關。」他進一步推測：「這些儀式可能包括沿著堤道、在矩形廣場內列隊遊行。這些人也會在高台中央放置玉斧這類具有象徵性的物品。」

Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2020/06/21/2003738560

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.890: As Diners Flock to Delivery Apps, Restaurants Fear for Their Future

Before the coronavirus lockdowns, Matt Majesky did not take much notice of the fees that Grubhub and Uber Eats charged him every time they processed an order for his restaurant, Pierogi Mountain.

在新冠病毒導致全面封鎖之前，麥特‧馬耶斯基對於Grubhub與優步每次為他「波蘭餃子山」餐廳處理訂單時收取多少費用，並沒有太注意。

But once the lockdowns began, the apps became essentially the only source of business for the barroom restaurant he ran with a partner, Charlie Greene, in Columbus, Ohio. That was when the fees to the delivery companies turned into the restaurant’s single largest cost — more than what it paid for food or labor.

但在封鎖開始後，對於他跟查理‧葛林在俄亥俄州哥倫布市共同經營的這家酒吧餐廳而言，這些應用程式實質上成了生意唯一的來源。就在那時，付給外送公司的費用成為餐廳最大單一成本，高過食材或人事的花費。

Pierogi Mountain’s primary delivery company, Grubhub, took more than 40% from the average order, Majesky’s Grubhub statements show. That flipped his restaurant from almost breaking even to plunging deeply into the red. In late April, Pierogi Mountain shut down.

馬耶斯基的Grubhub報表顯示，波蘭餃子山主要外送公司Grubhub從一般訂單抽成超過40%，這讓他的餐廳從幾乎損益兩平變為嚴重虧損。4月底時，波蘭餃子山宣告停業。

“You have no choice but to sign up, but there is no negotiating,” Majesky, who has applied for unemployment, said of the delivery apps. “It almost turns into a hostage situation.”

已申請失業救濟的馬耶斯基談到這些外送應用程式時說：「你別無選擇只能簽約加入，卻毫無談判餘地，幾乎成了人質。」

Even as apps like Grubhub have cast themselves as economic saviors for restaurants in the pandemic, their fees have become an increasing source of difficulty for the establishments. From Chicago; Pittsburgh; and Tampa, Florida, to Boise, Idaho; Albuquerque, New Mexico; and Richardson, Texas, restaurant owners have taken to social media to express their unhappiness. Some restaurants have shut down, while others have cut off the apps and are looking for other ways to take orders.

儘管Grubhub之類應用程式自命為這場全球大疾情下餐廳的經濟救星，它們的收費卻日益成為這些餐廳經營困難的一個源頭。從芝加哥、匹茲堡與佛州坦帕，再到愛達荷州波伊西、新墨西哥州阿爾伯克基跟德州理查森。餐廳店主們在社交媒體上表達他們的不滿。有些餐廳已經停業，另一些餐廳則關閉應用程序，正另謀接單之道。

Complaints about the fees that the apps charge to both restaurants and consumers are long-standing, but the issue has become heightened as many restaurants have shut down in-room dining. Even as they begin reopening, delivery is likely to remain a bigger part of their business than before the pandemic.

這些應用程式向餐廳和消費者的收費招致抱怨已久，但隨著許多餐廳停止內用，這個問題也變得更加尖銳。儘管他們開始重新營業，跟疫情爆發前相比，外送在他們生意中所占比率很可能更大。

The gap between the success of the apps and the pain of the restaurants is striking. Spending at restaurants in recent weeks dropped about 35% from a year earlier, while revenue for the delivery services rose about 140%, according to data from M Science, a firm that analyzes transaction data.

應用程式的成功與餐廳的痛苦，二者的對比相當驚人。根據交易數據分析業者M Science的數據，近幾周在餐廳消費的金額約比一年前下滑35%，外送服務的營收卻成長約140%。

At the heart of the issues is some basic math. For the typical restaurant, fixed costs such as labor, food and rent eat up around 90% of the money coming in. That leaves little room for the base fees that the large delivery services charge small restaurants, which generally are 20% to 30% of what customers pay for each order.

問題核心是一些很基本的數學問題。對一般餐廳來說，人事、食材與租金等固定成本占掉營收90%左右。這樣一來，小餐廳承受大型外送服務業者所收基本費的空間所剩無幾，這些基本費用通常是顧客每筆訂單支付金額的20%到30%。

Restaurant owners are concerned about more than the apps’ fees. In 18 interviews with restaurant owners and industry consultants, plus in lawsuits and social media posts, many said Grubhub, DoorDash and Uber Eats also engaged in deceptive practices like setting up websites with inaccurate information for the restaurants, all without asking permission.

餐廳老闆們擔心的不只有這些應用程式的費用。在對餐廳老闆與產業顧問的18次專訪中，加上訴訟和社交媒體中的貼文，許多人表示，Grubhub、DoorDash和Uber Eats還從事欺騙性的行為，像是為餐廳建立資訊不準確的網站，而這些行為均未經餐廳許可。

Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/354557/web/

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.889: About USA - Johnson & Johnson Will Stop Selling Skin-Whitening Lotions

The consumer-products giant Johnson & Johnson said on Friday that it would no longer sell certain products that are advertised as dark-spot reducers but have been used by some purchasers to lighten skin tone.

消費品大廠嬌生週五表示，該公司不會再生產標榜可減少黑斑，卻常被購買者用於提亮皮膚色調的某些產品。

"Conversations over the past few weeks highlighted that some product names or claims on our Neutrogena and Clean & Clear dark-spot reducer products represent fairness or white as better than your own unique skin tone," the company said in a statement. "This was never our intention — healthy skin is beautiful skin."

「在過去幾週的對話，凸顯我們『露得清』部分產品的名稱或主張，與『可伶可俐』淡化黑斑產品，傳遞了潔白或白色比你原本獨特的皮膚色調更好的意涵」，這家公司透過聲明說。「這從來不是我們的意圖，健康膚色就是美麗的膚色」。

Last week, Band-Aid, which is owned by Johnson & Johnson, announced it would start selling bandages meant to match different skin tones.

上週，嬌生擁有的邦迪公司宣布將開始販售符合不同皮膚色調的繃帶。

"We are committed to launching a range of bandages in light, medium and deep shades of Brown and Black skin tones that embrace the beauty of diverse skin. We are dedicated to inclusivity and providing the best healing solutions, better representing you," Band-Aid said in an Instagram post.

「我們致力於推出範圍包含淺、中、深棕色與黑色的繃帶，擁抱多元膚色的美。我們盡力做到擁有包容性，與提供最好的治療方式，更好地代表你」，邦迪在Instagram貼文中說。

Next Article

Eight black transit workers got promoted. Thousands of white workers walked off the job 8名運輸業黑人勞工升職，數千名白人勞工罷工

World War II labor shortages had stretched the Philadelphia Transportation Co. to the limit by July 1944, and so the company decided it had no choice if the city’s buses, trolleys and subway were to keep running：It promoted eight black men to positions previously reserved for whites.

到了1944年7月，（美國賓州）費城運輸公司已經被二次世界大戰所導致的缺工逼到極限，該公司因而決定，若要讓該市的公車、電車與地下鐵持續運行，就得拔擢8名黑人男性出任原本保留給白人的職位，此外別無選擇。

The racial fallout brought the city to a tense halt. A worker insurrection slowed production of critical supplies for troops overseas and prompted an Army employee to attack one of the nation’s most prominent symbols of freedom：the Liberty Bell.

此舉的種族歧視後果導致費城在緊張中停擺。工人暴動延宕重要的海外部隊補給品生產，並促使一名陸軍雇員攻擊美國最重要的自由象徵之一：費城自由鐘。

The events made for a "new and different Philadelphia Story," two National Urban League officials wrote at the time — a story with particular resonance more than 75 years later as thousands protest systemic racism and police brutality in the wake of George Floyd’s death in police custody.

（倡導非裔民權的非營利組織）「全國城市聯盟」的兩名官員當時曾如此寫道：「這些事件造就一個『新穎與不一樣的費城故事』」——一個在超過75年後讓人特別有共鳴、遭警察拘留的喬治．佛洛伊德死後有數千人抗議有系統的種族歧視與警察殘暴的故事。

Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1383741 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1383204

 

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Welcome to 15mins.today the home of English Shadowing. I'm your host Gavin and this is InTense Episode 52. Well guys, at last our last episode of pronouns! Hooray!

So today we begin looking at indefinite pronouns and they refer to people, places, objects or things, without pointing to a specific one. So, there are quite a huge number of them, and they are singular, plural and singular and plural. Something like any, which is singular and plural, others, several, everything, much, anybody, nobody, nothing, other, anyone, another. All of those words are indefinite pronouns, so if you want a full list, I suggest just Googling that a list of indefinite pronouns and you will get a whole list. So fortunately for this one we have quite a number to practice with, so let's get started and do our examples 

Is everybody here? Yes, everybody is here.

Is everybody here? No, everybody is not here.

 

Are both John and Mary happy? Yes, both of them

are happy.

Are both John and Mary happy? No, both of them are not happy.

 

Does he have much money? Yes, he has much money.

Does he have much money? No, he does not have much money.

 

Are many people present? Yes, many people are present.

Are many people present? No, many people are not present.

 

Did Peter eat all the cake? Yes, Peter ate all the cake.

Did Peter eat all the cake? No, he did not eat all the cake. (Oops)

 

Do you want some wine? Yes, I would like some wine.

Would you like some wine? No, I would not like any wine. (Oops)

 

Did he do nothing? Yes, he did nothing.

Did he do nothing? No, he did not do nothing.

 

Is there one for each of us? Yes, there is one for each of us.

Is there one for each of us? No, there is not one for each of us.

 

Would you like more coffee? Yes, I would like more coffee.

Would you like more coffee? No, I would not like more coffee.

 

Did somebody take my chair? Yes, somebody took your chair.

Did somebody take my chair? No, nobody took your chair.

 

Did she make another mistake? Yes, she made another mistake.

Did she make another mistake? No, she did not make another mistake.

 

Will either Mary or Jane come to work? Yes, either Mary or Jane will come to work.

Will either Mary or Jane come to work? No, neither Mary norJane will come to work.

 

Did you do the most? Yes, I did the most.

Did you do the most? No, I did not do the most.

 

Is it in the other bag? Yes, it is in the other bag.

Is it in the other bag? No, it is not in the other bag.

 

Well there you go guys, some great examples. You will notice some of them change either too neither nor, so I will underline those again, neither either in the transcript, and again I would suggest you Google search this, because they are so many of them, that it will be a lot easier for you to find a good easy list of these. So, I hope that helps out, that is the end of pronouns! Yay! We will be starting with something else in the next episode. Take care and I'll catch you in the next one, bye, bye!

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Summary:

A bakery in Helsinki took the opportunity to be creative when their cake orders were getting canceled. As Finnish people began to panic and hoard toilet rolls, the bakery decided to demonstrate their creativity by creating a cake that looked like toilet rolls. It took social media by the storm and became the bakery’s lifeline in the past few months.

Meanwhile, in Iceland, because of the social distancing rules, the Icelandic Forestry Service suggested an alternative to hugging friends and family members by hugging trees.

原討論文章: https://www.15mins.today/blog/ep-845-about-odd-news-novelty-toilet-roll-cakes-keep-finnish-baker

Vocabulary and Sample Sentences:

Hoard v. – stock/store valuable goods

In his senior life, my grandfather began to hoard all the imported cigarettes he would receive as gifts.

People who likes to keep hoarding stuff is a “hoarder”.

Relieved adj. – no longer feeling anxious or distressed

My parents were relieved to find out that their favorite restaurant didn’t close down because of the lockdown.

I am relieved that KFC didn’t hike their prices this year.

Impose v. – force / forcibly put on

When the governments around the world imposed the lockdown, many people’s travel plans were disrupted.

You have to impose strict house rules to discipline your children.

 

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每日英語跟讀 Ep.888: For Spy Agencies, Briefing Trump Is a Test of Holding His Attention

President Donald Trump has blamed many others for his administration's flawed response to the coronavirus: China, governors, the Obama administration, the World Health Organization. In recent weeks, he has also faulted the information he received from an obscure analyst who delivers his intelligence briefings.

美國總統川普把政府應對新冠肺炎疫情的缺失，歸咎於許多因素：中國大陸、美國各州州長、前總統歐巴馬政府和世界衛生組織。最近幾周，川普還怪罪情報簡報會上一名沒沒無聞的分析師給出的資訊。

Trump has insisted that the intelligence agencies gave him inadequate warnings about the threat of the virus, describing it as “not a big deal.” Intelligence officials have publicly backed him, acknowledging that Beth Sanner, the analyst who regularly briefs the president, underplayed the dangers when she first mentioned the virus to him Jan. 23.

川普堅稱，情報機構提醒他關於新冠病毒的威脅時力道不夠，說疫情「沒什麼大不了」。情報官員在公開場合支持川普的說法，承認定期向川普報告的分析師貝絲．塞納，1月23日首次向川普提到新冠病毒時，對其危險性輕描淡寫。

But in blaming Sanner, a CIA analyst with three decades of experience, Trump ignored a host of warnings he received around that time from higher-ranking officials, epidemiologists, scientists, biodefense officials, other national security aides and the news media about the virus's growing threat. Trump's own health secretary had alerted him five days earlier to the potential seriousness of the virus.

不過，川普怪罪具30年經驗的美國中央情報局分析師塞納時，忽略了他在大約同時期收到關於新冠病毒威脅日漸增加的大量警告，來源包括其他更高階官員、流行病學家、科學家、生物防禦官員、其他國家安全幕僚和新聞媒體。川普自己的衛生部長阿查爾比塞納早5天即提醒川普新冠病毒潛在的危險性。

Trump is particularly difficult to brief on critical national security matters, according to interviews with 10 current and former intelligence officials familiar with his intelligence briefings.

紐約時報訪問熟知川普情報簡報會事務的10名現任與前任情報官員得知，在報告至關重要的國安事務時，特別難讓川普專心聆聽。

The president veers off on tangents, and getting him back on topic is difficult, they said. He has a short attention span and rarely, if ever, reads intelligence reports, relying instead on conservative media and his friends for information.

情報官員說，川普會突然跳開原來的思路，很難把他拉回正題。川普注意力集中的時間很短，而且幾乎從不閱讀情報報告，而是依賴保守派媒體和朋友獲取資訊。

Trump rarely absorbs information that he disagrees with or that runs counter to his worldview, the officials said. Briefing him has been so great a challenge compared with his predecessors that the intelligence agencies have hired outside consultants to study how better to present information to him.

這些官員說，川普很少接納他不同意和違背他世界觀的資訊。向川普報告遠比向歷任總統報告困難，以致情報機構聘請了外部顧問以研究如何更有效地向川普呈報資料。

“How do you know?” is Trump's common refrain during his 30- to 50-minute briefings two or three times a week. He counters with his own statistics on issues where he has strong views, like trade or NATO. Directly challenging him, even when his numbers are wrong, appears to erode Trump’s trust, according to former officials, and ultimately he stops listening.

川普在一周兩三次、每次30到50分鐘的情報簡報會上經常說：「你怎麼知道是這樣？」川普會對貿易、北約等他有固執看法的議題，舉出統計數字反駁。前官員說，就算川普的數據是錯的，直接質疑川普似乎會減損川普對自己的信任，最後川普乾脆充耳不聞。

Intelligence briefings are among the most important entries on a president's calendar. The briefer, always a top CIA analyst, delivers the latest secrets and best insights from the 17 intelligence agencies. The oral briefings to Trump are based on the President's Daily Brief, the crown jewels of intelligence reports, which draws from spywork to make sophisticated analytic predictions about long-standing adversaries, unfolding plots and emerging crises around the world.

情報簡報會是美國總統行事曆上最重要的事項之一。簡報人一定是中情局頂尖分析師，報告的是美國17個情報機關提供的最新祕密情資和最佳洞見。向川普口頭報告的內容以「總統每日簡報」為基礎，這是所有情資報告的精髓，從蒐集來的情報擷取要點，目的是對長期存在的敵手、正在發展中的祕密計畫和全球各地剛出現的危機，做出精闢的分析性預測。

But getting Trump to remember information, even if he seems to be listening, can be all but impossible, especially if it runs counter to his worldview, former officials said.

不過，前官員說，要讓川普記住資料幾乎不可能，甚至川普看似在聽時也一樣，當資料與川普的世界觀相反時尤其困難。

Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/353904/web/

 

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