通勤學英語 15Mins Today

通勤學英語 15Mins Today

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  • 文法跟讀 In-Tense #028: 是Good還是Well? When do we say "good" and "well"
    Welcome to 15mins.today the home of English Shadowing. I’m your house Gavin and this is In-Tense Episode 28.
     
    Now guys in this episode we will be looking at a very interesting thing. It’'s basically if you watch any YouTube channels from North America you will hear it, and that's the word “good” You did good!” Well it's very interesting, I was taught when you use the word “good” to describe a verb you use it as “well.” You change it from “good” to “well.” If you use it to describe a noun, a thing, then you use the word “good.” So for an example, “He did well.” or “The car is good.” So that's how it is, of course you will hear it everywhere, I've heard it in movies, et cetera. But that's how we use it, if you describe a verb we use “well” and if you describe a noun you use “good.” One way to cheat a bit is to use the word “great” because “great” is always “great!” But you know “great” and “good” don't exactly mean the same thing, but if you are a bit unsure just throwing in a “great” is okay. So let's get going with a questions.
     
    Did Jane write well? Yes, Jane wrote well.
    Did Jane write well? No, she did not write well.
     
    Did Jane do well in the test? Yes, she did well in the test.
    Did Jane do well in the test? No, she did not do well in the test.
     
    Was Jane’s test result good? Yes, her test result was good.
    Was Jane’s test result good? No, her test result was not good.
     
    Did Peter sleep well? Yes, he slept well.
    Did Peter sleep well? No, he did not sleep well.
     
    Was the nap good? Yes, the nap was good.
    Was the nap good? No, the nap was not good.
     
    Do you feel well? Yes, I feel well.
    Do you feel well? No, I do not feel well.
     
    Is your health good? Yes, my health is good.
    Is your health good? No, my health is not good.
     
    Did you have a good day? Yes, I had a good day.
    Did you have a good day? No, I did not have a good day.
     
    Did John and Jane perform well? Yes, they performed well.
    Did John and Jane perform well? No, they did not perform well.
     
    Did Peter do well? Yes, he did well.
    Did Peter do well? No, he did not do well.
     
    Well, there you go guys. Keep practicing and remember, just keep repeating. Have a great day and catch you next time, bye!
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    4 min
  • 文法跟讀 In-Tense #028: 是Good還是Well? When do we say "good" and "well"

    Welcome to 15mins.today the home of English Shadowing. I’m your house Gavin and this is In-Tense Episode 28.

     

    Now guys in this episode we will be looking at a very interesting thing. It’'s basically if you watch any YouTube channels from North America you will hear it, and that's the word “good” You did good!” Well it's very interesting, I was taught when you use the word “good” to describe a verb you use it as “well.” You change it from “good” to “well.” If you use it to describe a noun, a thing, then you use the word “good.” So for an example, “He did well.” or “The car is good.” So that's how it is, of course you will hear it everywhere, I've heard it in movies, et cetera. But that's how we use it, if you describe a verb we use “well” and if you describe a noun you use “good.” One way to cheat a bit is to use the word “great” because “great” is always “great!” But you know “great” and “good” don't exactly mean the same thing, but if you are a bit unsure just throwing in a “great” is okay. So let's get going with a questions.

     

    Did Jane write well? Yes, Jane wrote well.

    Did Jane write well? No, she did not write well.

     

    Did Jane do well in the test? Yes, she did well in the test.

    Did Jane do well in the test? No, she did not do well in the test.

     

    Was Jane’s test result good? Yes, her test result was good.

    Was Jane’s test result good? No, her test result was not good.

     

    Did Peter sleep well? Yes, he slept well.

    Did Peter sleep well? No, he did not sleep well.

     

    Was the nap good? Yes, the nap was good.

    Was the nap good? No, the nap was not good.

     

    Do you feel well? Yes, I feel well.

    Do you feel well? No, I do not feel well.

     

    Is your health good? Yes, my health is good.

    Is your health good? No, my health is not good.

     

    Did you have a good day? Yes, I had a good day.

    Did you have a good day? No, I did not have a good day.

     

    Did John and Jane perform well? Yes, they performed well.

    Did John and Jane perform well? No, they did not perform well.

     

    Did Peter do well? Yes, he did well.

    Did Peter do well? No, he did not do well.

     

    Well, there you go guys. Keep practicing and remember, just keep repeating. Have a great day and catch you next time, bye!

     

    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today
     

    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。

    4 min
  • 精選詞彙 Vocab #034: 頂呱呱紐約排名炸雞 TKK fried chicken among 25 best fried chicken brands in New York
    Summary:
     
    TKK fried chicken opened its first store in Manhattan at the end of 2018. The store teamed up with Kung Fu Tea to operate a combo store offering fried chicken and bubble tea. The gourmet website Eater reviewed the restaurant offerings including: tenders, wings, breasts, thighs, drumsticks, and fried chicken sandwiches. Sides include mashed potatoes, coleslaw, curly fries, crunchy cheese curds, and shishito peppers.
     
    The gourmet website considers TKK fried chicken one of the top fried chicken brands in New York and highly recommends the signature combo and crispy spicy chicken. Priced at $8.49, it includes one piece of chicken, one side, and a so-called kwa kwa bao, an invention that’s become a signature of the chain. What is kwa kwa bao? It’s sticky rice shot with the shiitake mushrooms. But it’s not wrapped in a lotus leaf as it’s often seen at dim sum restaurants.
     
    Full article: https://www.15mins.today/blog/663-tkk-fried-chicken-among-25-best-fried-chicken-brands-in-new-york
     
    Vocabulary and Sample Sentences:
     
    Gourmet n. a connoisseur of good food / food suitable for a gourmet
    I don't consider myself a gourmet, but I do enjoy food in Taiwan.
    MOS burger serves gourmet burgers.
     
    Hotness adj. food containing spices or peppers that create a burning sensation
    When you go to a chili hotpot restaurant, you would need to choose the level of hotness.
     
    Crispy adj. food having firm, dry, brittle surface
    In Taiwan, all the fries are crispy.
    People don't like crispy toast in Taiwan.
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    20 min
  • 精選詞彙 Vocab #034: 頂呱呱紐約排名炸雞 TKK fried chicken among 25 best fried chicken brands in New York

    Summary:

     

    TKK fried chicken opened its first store in Manhattan at the end of 2018. The store teamed up with Kung Fu Tea to operate a combo store offering fried chicken and bubble tea. The gourmet website Eater reviewed the restaurant offerings including: tenders, wings, breasts, thighs, drumsticks, and fried chicken sandwiches. Sides include mashed potatoes, coleslaw, curly fries, crunchy cheese curds, and shishito peppers.

     

    The gourmet website considers TKK fried chicken one of the top fried chicken brands in New York and highly recommends the signature combo and crispy spicy chicken. Priced at $8.49, it includes one piece of chicken, one side, and a so-called kwa kwa bao, an invention that’s become a signature of the chain. What is kwa kwa bao? It’s sticky rice shot with the shiitake mushrooms. But it’s not wrapped in a lotus leaf as it’s often seen at dim sum restaurants.

     

    Full article: https://www.15mins.today/blog/663-tkk-fried-chicken-among-25-best-fried-chicken-brands-in-new-york

     

    Vocabulary and Sample Sentences:

     

    Gourmet n. a connoisseur of good food / food suitable for a gourmet

    • I don't consider myself a gourmet, but I do enjoy food in Taiwan.
  • MOS burger serves gourmet burgers.
  •  

    Hotness adj. food containing spices or peppers that create a burning sensation

    • When you go to a chili hotpot restaurant, you would need to choose the level of hotness.
     

    Crispy adj. food having firm, dry, brittle surface

    • In Taiwan, all the fries are crispy.
  • People don't like crispy toast in Taiwan.
  • 更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today
     

    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。

    20 min
  • 每日跟讀#727: ‘Unicorns’ Learn A Hard Lesson:Profits Matter
    每日跟讀#727: ‘Unicorns’ Learn A Hard Lesson:Profits Matter
     
    Fred Wilson, a venture capitalist at Union Square Ventures, recently published a blog post titled “The Great Public Market Reckoning.” In it, he argued that the narrative that had driven startup hype and valuations for the past decade was now falling apart.
     
    美國聯合廣場創業投資公司創投業者威爾森,最近發表一篇部落格文章,題為「公開市場算總帳」,他在文中主張,過去十年使新創事業知名度和市值衝高的那一套說詞,如今不管用了。
     
    His post quickly ricocheted across Silicon Valley. Other venture capitalists, including Bill Gurley of Benchmark and Brad Feld of Foundry Group, soon weighed in with their own warnings about fiscal responsibility.
     
    威爾森的文章隨即在整個矽谷引起回響。其他創投業者,包括標竿資本公司的格利和鑄造集團的費爾德,旋即加入討論,各就財務責任提出警告。
     
    At some startups, entrepreneurs began behaving more cautiously. Travis VanderZanden, chief executive of the scooter startup Bird, declared at a tech conference in San Francisco last week that his company was now focused on profit and not growth.
     
    一些新創事業的創業者開始更謹慎行事。美國共享電動滑板車新創企業柏德公司執行長范德桑登,本月初在舊金山一場科技會議上宣布,他的公司現在專注於獲利,而非成長。
     
    The moves all point to a new gospel that is starting to spread in startup land. For the last decade, young tech companies were fueled by a wave of venture capital-funded excess, which encouraged fast growth above all else. But now some investors and startups are beginning to rethink that mantra and instead invoke turning a profit and generating “positive unit economics” as their new priorities.
     
    這些舉動都反映出,新的信條開始在新創事業圈風行。過去十年,新興科技公司受到爆量的創投資金鼓舞,這些資金重視快速成長甚於一切。不過,如今一些投資人和新創事業開始反省「快速成長」這信條,轉以獲利和產生「正向單位經濟效益」為新的首要目標。
     
    The nascent change is being driven by the stumbles of some high-profile “unicorns” — the startups that were valued at $1 billion and above in the private markets — just as they reached the stock market.
     
    出現這種新的轉變,是因為一些高知名度的「獨角獸」一上市就受挫。獨角獸是指在私募市場市值10億美元以上的新創事業。
     
    The lackluster performances have raised questions about Silicon Valley’s startup formula of spending lots of money to grow at the expense of profits. (All of those companies lose money.) Public market investors, it seemed, just weren’t having it.
     
    這些獨角獸表現不佳,令人質疑矽谷新創事業砸大錢拚成長卻犧牲獲利的成規。(這些公司全都賠錢。)看來公開市場的投資人也不相信這一套。
     
    “A lot of these highly valued companies have run into the buzz saw of Wall Street, where they’re questioning or reminding us that profitability matters,” said Patricia Nakache, a partner at Trinity Ventures, a Silicon Valley venture capital firm.
     
    矽谷創投公司「三人組創投」合夥人派翠西亞.納卡奇說:「許多高市值公司在華爾街踢到鐵板,這些公司探究得知,獲利能力很重要,這些公司的例子也提醒我們這件事。」
     
    She added that she anticipated a “ripple effect” on private startup valuations that would start with the largest, most valuable companies and trickle down to the smaller, younger ones.
     
    納卡奇說,她預期這會對私人新創事業的市值產生「連鎖效應」,市值下降的情況會從規模最大、市值最高的公司開始,逐漸擴及規模較小、成立時間較短的公司。
     
    Aileen Lee, an investor at Cowboy Ventures, a venture capital firm in Palo Alto, California, said she considered dusting off a four-year-old “winter is coming” email she had sent to startups in 2015, telling them to prepare for a downturn.
     
    加州帕羅奧圖市創投公司「牛仔創投」的投資人艾琳.李說,她考慮把四年前寄給新創事業、警告「冬天就要來了」的一封電子郵件重新拿出來看看。2015年她在這封信中提醒新創事業,為這個圈子的下行趨勢做準備。
     
    Other venture capitalists are being more forward. At Eniac Ventures, a venture firm in New York and San Francisco, the partners recently combed through their companies and identified the “gross margins” — a measure of profitability — for each one, said Nihal Mehta, general partner of the firm. This was not something the firm regularly looked at, he said, but they were inspired by Wilson’s cautionary blog post.
     
    其他創投業者更進一步。紐約與舊金山創投公司「伊尼亞克創投」普通合夥人梅塔說,這家公司的合夥人最近審視了投資的公司,並找出每家公司獲利能力的指標「毛利」。他說,這並不是合夥人常常會做的事,不過他們從威爾森那篇部落格示警文得到啟發。
     
    Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/346374/web/
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    5 min
  • 每日跟讀#727: ‘Unicorns’ Learn A Hard Lesson:Profits Matter

    每日跟讀#727: ‘Unicorns’ Learn A Hard Lesson:Profits Matter

     

    Fred Wilson, a venture capitalist at Union Square Ventures, recently published a blog post titled “The Great Public Market Reckoning.” In it, he argued that the narrative that had driven startup hype and valuations for the past decade was now falling apart.

     

    美國聯合廣場創業投資公司創投業者威爾森,最近發表一篇部落格文章,題為「公開市場算總帳」,他在文中主張,過去十年使新創事業知名度和市值衝高的那一套說詞,如今不管用了。

     

    His post quickly ricocheted across Silicon Valley. Other venture capitalists, including Bill Gurley of Benchmark and Brad Feld of Foundry Group, soon weighed in with their own warnings about fiscal responsibility.

     

    威爾森的文章隨即在整個矽谷引起回響。其他創投業者,包括標竿資本公司的格利和鑄造集團的費爾德,旋即加入討論,各就財務責任提出警告。

     

    At some startups, entrepreneurs began behaving more cautiously. Travis VanderZanden, chief executive of the scooter startup Bird, declared at a tech conference in San Francisco last week that his company was now focused on profit and not growth.

     

    一些新創事業的創業者開始更謹慎行事。美國共享電動滑板車新創企業柏德公司執行長范德桑登,本月初在舊金山一場科技會議上宣布,他的公司現在專注於獲利,而非成長。

     

    The moves all point to a new gospel that is starting to spread in startup land. For the last decade, young tech companies were fueled by a wave of venture capital-funded excess, which encouraged fast growth above all else. But now some investors and startups are beginning to rethink that mantra and instead invoke turning a profit and generating “positive unit economics” as their new priorities.

     

    這些舉動都反映出,新的信條開始在新創事業圈風行。過去十年,新興科技公司受到爆量的創投資金鼓舞,這些資金重視快速成長甚於一切。不過,如今一些投資人和新創事業開始反省「快速成長」這信條,轉以獲利和產生「正向單位經濟效益」為新的首要目標。

     

    The nascent change is being driven by the stumbles of some high-profile “unicorns” — the startups that were valued at $1 billion and above in the private markets — just as they reached the stock market.

     

    出現這種新的轉變,是因為一些高知名度的「獨角獸」一上市就受挫。獨角獸是指在私募市場市值10億美元以上的新創事業。

     

    The lackluster performances have raised questions about Silicon Valley’s startup formula of spending lots of money to grow at the expense of profits. (All of those companies lose money.) Public market investors, it seemed, just weren’t having it.

     

    這些獨角獸表現不佳,令人質疑矽谷新創事業砸大錢拚成長卻犧牲獲利的成規。(這些公司全都賠錢。)看來公開市場的投資人也不相信這一套。

     

    “A lot of these highly valued companies have run into the buzz saw of Wall Street, where they’re questioning or reminding us that profitability matters,” said Patricia Nakache, a partner at Trinity Ventures, a Silicon Valley venture capital firm.

     

    矽谷創投公司「三人組創投」合夥人派翠西亞.納卡奇說:「許多高市值公司在華爾街踢到鐵板,這些公司探究得知,獲利能力很重要,這些公司的例子也提醒我們這件事。」

     

    She added that she anticipated a “ripple effect” on private startup valuations that would start with the largest, most valuable companies and trickle down to the smaller, younger ones.

     

    納卡奇說,她預期這會對私人新創事業的市值產生「連鎖效應」,市值下降的情況會從規模最大、市值最高的公司開始,逐漸擴及規模較小、成立時間較短的公司。

     

    Aileen Lee, an investor at Cowboy Ventures, a venture capital firm in Palo Alto, California, said she considered dusting off a four-year-old “winter is coming” email she had sent to startups in 2015, telling them to prepare for a downturn.

     

    加州帕羅奧圖市創投公司「牛仔創投」的投資人艾琳.李說,她考慮把四年前寄給新創事業、警告「冬天就要來了」的一封電子郵件重新拿出來看看。2015年她在這封信中提醒新創事業,為這個圈子的下行趨勢做準備。

     

    Other venture capitalists are being more forward. At Eniac Ventures, a venture firm in New York and San Francisco, the partners recently combed through their companies and identified the “gross margins” — a measure of profitability — for each one, said Nihal Mehta, general partner of the firm. This was not something the firm regularly looked at, he said, but they were inspired by Wilson’s cautionary blog post.

     

    其他創投業者更進一步。紐約與舊金山創投公司「伊尼亞克創投」普通合夥人梅塔說,這家公司的合夥人最近審視了投資的公司,並找出每家公司獲利能力的指標「毛利」。他說,這並不是合夥人常常會做的事,不過他們從威爾森那篇部落格示警文得到啟發。

     

    Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/346374/web/

     

    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing

     

    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。

    5 min
  • 每日跟讀#726: Unilever saves on recruiters by using AI to assess job interviews
    每日跟讀#726: Unilever saves on recruiters by using AI to assess job interviews
     
    Unilever has said it is saving hundreds of thousands of pounds a year by replacing human recruiters with an artificial intelligence (AI) system, amid warnings of a populist backlash against the spread of machine learning.
     
    儘管機器學習的普及化可能招致民粹主義反撲,聯合利華聲稱,以人工智慧(AI)系統來代替人資部門的徵才專員,每年可節省數十萬英鎊。
     
    The system scans graduate candidates’ facial expressions, body language and word choice and checks them against traits that are considered to be predictive of job success. Vodafone, Singapore Airlines and Intel are among other companies to have used similar systems.
     
    對於剛踏出校園的應徵者,該系統掃描其臉部表情、肢體語言和用詞,並檢驗他們是否具有被認為能在職場獲致成功的特質。沃達豐、新加坡航空和英特爾等公司也使用過類似的系統。
     
    Polling commissioned by the Royal Society of Arts (RSA) and released on Oct. 25 suggests 60 percent of the public are opposed to the use of automated decision-making in recruitment as well as in criminal justice.
     
    由英國皇家文藝協會(RSA)委託,並於十月二十五日發布的民意調查顯示,有百分之六十的民眾反對在徵才和刑事司法中使用自動化決策。
     
    “New technologies are being adopted at a rapid pace, and regulators and the public are struggling to keep up,” said Asheem Singh, acting head of tech and society at the RSA.
     
    RSA技術與社會事務代理主任阿迅‧辛恩表示:「新技術正迅速被採用,監管機構和公眾都在努力跟上其腳步。」
     
    “An increasing amount of decision-making — in our public services, the job market and healthcare — is taking place via ever-more opaque processes. This is a source of anxiety for the general public. The measures we are proposing — such as a new watchdog to scrutinize decisions made by AI on behalf of the public — are crucial first steps in increasing clarity and accountability.”
     
    「我們的公共服務、就業市場和醫療保健中,越來越多決策是透過越來越不透明的過程來進行。這是大眾焦慮的源頭。我們提議的措施──例如新設監督機構來審查AI代替大眾所做出的決定──是提高透明度和問責制的關鍵第一步。」
     
    The RSA panel spent four days examining the spread of AI and automated decision-making into recruitment, healthcare and policing. Members of the panel voiced hopes that algorithms could make fairer, less-biased decisions on things such as pay raises or promotions, and that facial recognition programs might be more objective than human police officers.
     
    RSA的專家小組花了四天的時間檢驗AI和自動化決策在徵才、醫療保健和警務方面的應用情形。小組成員表示,希望演算法可以在諸如加薪或晉升之類的事情上做出更公平、公正的決定,也希望人臉辨識程式可以比警察還客觀。
     
    But they raised questions about whether automated decision systems would reinforce an organization’s existing profile, for example as traditionally white and male, and how the public would know the technology was being used.
     
    但他們提出了這樣一個問題,即自動決策系統是否會強化組織的既有形象(例如一般是白人及男性),以及公眾是否能夠得知採用了自動決策技術。
     
    The multinational Unilever is using software from a US-company, HireVue, having first trialed it in 2017. HireVue has previously said the software scans the language that candidates use — for example, active or passive phrases, tone of voice and speed of delivery — as well as facial expressions such as furrowed brows, smiles and eye-widening.
     
    跨國公司聯合利華所使用的是美國公司HireVue的軟體,在二○一七年首次試用。HireVue曾表示該軟體可以掃描求職者所使用的語言,例如主動或被動片語、語調和講話的速度,以及皺眉、微笑和睜大眼睛等臉部表情。
     
    “It is helping to save 100,000 hours of interviewing time and roughly US$1 million in recruitment costs each year for us globally,” said a Unilever spokeswoman. “It is, however, just one of many tools we use for our graduate recruitment.”
     
    聯合利華一位發言人表示:「它每年幫我們在全球節省十萬小時的面試時間,以及約一百萬美元的徵才成本。」「不過,這只是我們用於招募職場新鮮人的眾多工具之一。」
     
    She said video interviews were optional and candidates were asked to allow or disallow automated decision-making being used to evaluate their video interview. They were sent information about how to prepare beforehand and could choose to speak to a “talent adviser” instead if they preferred.
     
    她說線上面試只是選項之一,他們會詢問求職者是否允許使用自動化決策來為其線上面試評分。求職者會事先收到相關資訊,教他們如何準備應試;如果不想參自動化面試,也可以選擇跟「人才顧問」面談。
     
    The system is now used across Unilever’s entire graduate recruitment program, and HireVue claims it has resulted in a more ethnically and gender-diverse workforce.
     
    這套系統現已應用在聯合利華的整個畢業生徵才計畫,HireVue聲稱它已為公司成員的種族和性別帶來了多元性。
     
    Unilever said that at the early stage in the recruitment process when HireVue was used, it was not compulsory for candidates to give their gender or ethnicity so it was not able to provide representative data.
     
    聯合利華表示,在HireVue所應用的徵才初期階段,並未強制規定求職者提供其性別或種族之資料,因此無法提供代表性的數據。
     
    Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/11/12/2003725652/2
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    5 min
  • 每日跟讀#725: From Wedding Bells to Wedding Blues
    每日跟讀#725: From Wedding Bells to Wedding Blues
     
    It was after midnight when Kaitlin Chad Moss, her new husband, Jeremy Moss, and a handful of devoted wedding guests lingered as long as they could before they were politely informed that the celebration was over and it was time to go home.
     
    凱特琳·查德·莫斯,她的新婚丈夫耶利米·莫斯,以及一些死忠的婚禮賓客流連不去,直到被禮貌地告知慶祝活動己然結束,該回家了,而這時已過了午夜。
     
    “That’s when it hit me,” said Kaitlin Moss, 29, who was married in September last year at the Green Valley Ranch, a lodge and events space in Coram, Montana. “I’m never going to have everyone I love in one room like this again. It was hard to accept. I felt sad, and it didn’t go away.”
     
    現年29歲、去年九月在蒙大拿州科拉姆旅館暨活動會館「格林山谷牧場」結婚的凱特琳.莫斯女士說:「就在那一刻我驀然驚覺,我再也不能讓我所愛的人像這樣全部歡聚一堂了。這令人難以接受。我感到悲傷,而且悲傷並未散去。」
     
    Kaitlin Moss broke down that night in front of her girlfriends. “I wish someone had warned me that this was something you could feel. Why is no one talking about this?” said Kaitlin Moss, who lives in Denver.
     
    當天晚上,凱特琳·莫斯在女性友人面前崩潰了。住在丹佛的凱特琳·莫斯說:「真希望事先有人警告我,我可能會有這種感受。為什麼沒人談到這檔事呢?」
     
    Post-wedding sadness is not uncommon among the newly married. Laura Stafford, a professor and director of the Bowling Green State University’s School of Media and Communication, and Allison Scott Gordon, an associate professor at the University of Kentucky’s Department of Communication, have jointly conducted two studies on depression, specifically concerning newly married women.
     
    婚禮後悲傷在新婚夫婦中並不少見。兩位學者針對新婚女性聯手進行了兩項關於憂鬱症的研究,這兩位學者是鮑
     
    史塔福德說:「這些女人是關注的焦點,且籌備一場婚禮占用了很多時間,沒有某種失落是很奇怪的。我們還發現人們關注婚禮甚於婚姻。她們對於目標、作為妻子的角色、關係跟伴侶的選擇,也都存在不確定感。」
     
    “In 2016 we looked at 28 women, half of whom said they felt sad or let down after their wedding,” Stafford said. Last year they interviewed 158 women. Twelve percent of the women interviewed in the second study expressed feelings of depression after being wedded.
     
    林格陵州立大學媒體與傳播學院教授兼主任蘿拉·史塔福德,與肯塔基大學傳播系副教授艾莉森·史考特·戈登。
     
    史塔福德說:「我們在2016年調查了28名女性,其中一半表示在婚禮後感到悲傷或失落。」他們去年又調查了158名女性,在這第二項研究中,12%受訪女性表示在婚後有憂鬱感。
     
    “These women were the center of attention, and planning a wedding takes up so much of your time, it would be weird to not feel some kind of letdown,” Stafford said. “We also found there was more focus on the wedding than on the marriage. There was also uncertainty about their goals, their role as a wife, their relationship and partner choice.”
     
    史塔福德說:「這些女人是關注的焦點,且籌備一場婚禮占用了很多時間,沒有某種失落是很奇怪的。我們還發現人們關注婚禮甚於婚姻。她們對於目標、作為妻子的角色、關係跟伴侶的選擇,也都存在不確定感。」
     
    The pair are working on a third study where the same 158 women will be interviewed again to see if their moods have changed a year later.
     
    這兩位學者正在進行第三項研究,將再次採訪同一群158名女性,看看一年後她們的心境是否有所改變。
     
    There are many reasons behind the emotional crash. For some, it’s returning to everyday life. For others, it’s the elimination of planning and anticipating such a big celebration or the loss of looking forward to that cultural, life-altering event. Then there’s the diminished attention, social letdown and the pressures and expectations that come with your new life and spouse.
     
    情緒崩潰背後有很多原因。對一些人而言,是因為又回到了平常生活,對另一些人來說,則是因為對於如此盛典的籌畫與期待俱已成為過去,或是失去了對於那個文化性的、改變人生的事件的期待。另外還有不再那麼受到人們注目、社交失落感,以及新的生活和配偶帶來的壓力和期望。
     
    “For most, this kind of sadness is temporary,” said Elizabeth Sloan, a licensed professional counselor in McLean, Virginia, who added that these melancholy feelings generally lessen during the months that follow your wedding. “First talk to other married friends, then talk to your spouse,” she said.
     
    維吉尼亞州麥連郡有執照的專業顧問伊莉莎白.史隆說:「對大多數人來說,這種悲傷是暫時的。」她表示這些憂鬱的情緒通常會在婚後幾個月裡轉淡,「先跟其他已婚朋友談談,再跟你的配偶談談。」
     
    Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/346136/web/
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    4 min
  • 每日跟讀#724: About Education - Student debt a ’life sentence’ for millions of Americans
    每日跟讀#724: About Education - Student debt a ’life sentence’ for millions of Americans
     
    Haley Walters is five years away from earning her law degree. If everything goes according to plan, she will be under a mountain of $100,000 in student debt by the time she enters the work force.
     
    哈蕾‧華特斯還有5年就能拿到法律學位。如果一切按計畫進行,她進入職場時將背負10萬美元(約307萬台幣)的龐大助學貸款。
     
    "Somebody who graduates from a public university this year is expected to have over $35,000 in student loan debt on average," said Cody Hounanian, program director of Student Debt Crisis, a California non-profit organization.
     
    加州非營利組織「學貸危機」主任柯迪‧霍南尼恩說:「今年從公立大學畢業的學生,平均學貸預估超過3.5萬美元(約107萬台幣)。」
     
    According to official statistics, 71 percent of US students are burdened by such debt, with minorities, black women in particular, the hardest hit.
     
    據官方統計,71%的美國學生身負學貸,少數族群受到最大影響,其中又以非裔女性負擔最沉重。
     
    Despite scholarships and financial aid available to many, the cost of higher education is such that the majority of students are unable to repay their loans on schedule. In the long term, the loan balance for such people increases, interest accrues, and the debt burden just keeps going upwards.
     
    儘管許多人可拿到獎學金和補助,但高等教育費用高到讓多數人無法如期償還貸款。長期下來,他們的貸款餘額增加、利息孳生,債務負擔只會不斷增加。
     
    Next Article:
     
    Performance anxiety:Singapore schoolkids struggle with stress/成果焦慮:被壓力折磨的新加坡學童
     
    Schoolchildren are paying a heavy price for Singapore’s success in global education rankings, with rising numbers seeking psychiatric help as they struggle to cope with the relentless pressure.
     
    新加坡在全球教育排名中名列前茅,但該國學生為此付出沉重代價;為了應付沒完沒了的壓力,愈來愈多人尋求心理諮商。
     
    According to a report, the students there have higher levels of anxiety about schoolwork than other nations. "Children are being forced to mature too fast because the society does not allow the luxury of taking it slow," said a psychologist.
     
    根據一份報告,星國學生的課業焦慮程度高於其他國家。一名心理學家說:「孩子被迫快速長大,因為這個社會容不下慢慢來的奢侈。」
     
    Under such heavy pressure, private, after-school tuition has become the norm. Singaporean students rank third globally on time spent on homework, at 9.4 hours a week, according to an OECD survey.
     
    在龐大壓力下,私人課後補習已成常態。「經濟合作暨發展組織」(OECD)調查顯示,星國學生一週花9.4小時寫作業,排名全球第三。
     
    Authorities hope to ease the pressure of students by measures including axing some exams in both primary and secondary school, and only grouping students according to ability in more academic subjects such as math and science - rather than separating them into streams for all subjects.
     
    當局希望採取措施減輕學子的壓力,包括廢除小學和中學部分考試,以及僅在數學、科學等偏學術科目上,依據能力差異進行分班,而非在所有科目上都採取能力分班。
     
    Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1323870 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1330353
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    4 min
  • 每日跟讀#723: Time for fungus? Indonesian watchmaker turns to mushroom leather
    每日跟讀#723: Time for fungus? Indonesian watchmaker turns to mushroom leather
     
    A watchmaker in Indonesia’s Bandung city thinks the next step in sustainability is a wristwatch with a strap made out of the complex root structure of a mushroom. Mycelium leather, as the material is known, is fibrous and tough yet pliable and waterproof, and has been touted as an environmentally-friendly alternative to synthetic products or natural leather made from animal hide.
     
    印尼萬隆市的一名製錶師認為,利用某種蕈類複雜的根部結構製作錶帶,做成的腕錶是邁向永續發展的下一步。此材料被稱為「菌絲體皮革」,以纖維構成,而且耐用,同時容易彎折,還能防水,近來被譽為環境友善的替代材料,以取代合成皮或是動物獸皮製成的真皮。
     
    Erlambang Ajidarma, head of research at Mycotech, the start-up supplying the mycelium leather to make the wrist straps, said his team was inspired by tempeh, a traditional Indonesian savory dish made by fermenting soybeans with fungus. “Finally we found one mushroom with a mycelium that can be made into binding material,” said Ajidarma, after testing several different types of mushrooms since 2016.
     
    Mycotech是一間供應菌絲體皮革以製作錶帶的新創公司,該公司的研究部門主管艾爾蘭邦‧阿吉達瑪表示,他的團隊是從傳統的印尼美味菜餚「丹貝」──利用真菌發酵的大豆製品──獲得啟發。阿吉達瑪表示,他們從二○一六年以來測試了好幾種不同蕈類,「我們終於找到一種菇類的菌絲體可以被做成接合用材料。」
     
    Now, the company grows the fungus on sawdust and then harvests the leather. After scraping off the sawdust, it is dried and then cut to various sizes, depending on the use. The process is tedious, taking around three weeks to make 10 square meters of material. But Ajidarma thinks it’s worth it.
     
    今日,該公司在鋸木屑上種植這類真菌,再收成皮革。先將鋸木屑刮除後,真菌還要進行烘乾,再根據用途切割成不同大小。整個過程相當繁瑣,大概要三星期才能做出一塊十公尺見方的材料,但是阿吉達瑪認為辛苦是值得的。
     
    It costs less to make mycelium leather than to make petroleum-based synthetic leathers, he says, and the mycelium manufacturing process produces a fraction of the carbon dioxide emitted by the cows killed to make real leather. Ajidarma’s team also uses dyes extracted from leaves, roots and food waste to color the mycelium leather, which they say absorbs dye faster than leather made from animal hide.
     
    他指出,製作菌絲體皮革的成本比以石油為原料的合成皮來得便宜,而且製造菌絲體的過程只會產生少許二氧化碳,遠比因為需要真皮而遭到殺害的牛隻少。阿吉達瑪的團隊也利用樹葉、樹根,以及廚餘中萃取出的染料為菌絲體皮革上色。他們表示,這種環保材質吸收染料的速度比動物皮更快。
     
    Watchmaking company Pala Nusantara cuts and sews the leather into the straps for its watches, which are made with a wooden bezel. The watches, priced between 900,000 and 1.3 million rupiah (US$64 and US$93), are mostly sold online, said Andang Maulana Syamsuri, managing director of Pala Nusantara. And at least one potential customer is interested. “I would be very interested in a watch made of natural material and plants because I’ve been allergic to a few that I bought in the past,” said a customer at a watch shop in Jakarta.
     
    製錶公司Pala Nusantara先對皮革進行切割,再將其縫製成錶帶,搭配木製邊框的手錶。該公司的常務董事安當‧毛拉納‧席厄姆蘇里表示,這些手錶訂價在九十萬到一百三十萬印尼盾(約為六十四美元到九十三美元,即新台幣一千九百元到兩千八百元)之間,大多數都在網路上販售。目前,起碼有一名潛在消費者對此有興趣。雅加達某間錶店裡的一位顧客表示:「我會對自然材料和植物製造的手錶相當有興趣,因為我以前買的幾支手錶都會讓我過敏。」
     
    Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/11/10/2003725554
     
    更多跟讀練習單元,就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing
     
    用email訂閱就可以收到所有15mins.Today最新節目通知。
    4 min

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每天15分鐘,利用喝咖啡、通勤、塞車的零碎時間,輕鬆學英語!不用死背單字和文法,讓你沉浸在自然英語環境,學了就能用!


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