The United Nations said earlier this week that India will become the world's most populous country by the end of April, hitting almost 1.43 billion people and eclipsing China.

Economists and demographers often talk about a "demographic dividend." It means a one-time window, spanning a few decades during which the number of working-age people in a certain country is far bigger than that of young and elderly dependents. This has the potential to boost economic growth.

What does having the world's biggest population mean for the Indian people? What opportunities and challenges does it pose for India's policy makers? Will India be able to seize its "demographic dividend"? Host Liu Kun is joined by Prasoon Sharma, a Pentland Scholar from New York University and University College London; Han Hua, President, Beijing Belt and Road Cooperative Community; and Prof. Qu Qiang, Research Fellow of Global Issues at Beijing Foreign Studies University.