Joe Seaman-Graves is the city planner for the small town of Cohoes, New York. He was in search of a less costly way of providing electricity to the town. There was no extra land to build on. But Cohoes does have a nearly 6-hectare water reservoir. Seaman-Graves looked up the term “floating solar” on Google. He was not familiar with the technology, which has long been a popular way to produce clean energy in Asia. Seaman-Graves learned that the town’s water reservoir could hold enough solar panels to power all city buildings. And that would save the city more than $500,000 each year.

Joe Seaman-Graves 是纽约 Cohoes 小镇的城市规划师。他正在寻找一种成本较低的方式为该镇供电。没有多余的土地可以建房。但 Cohoes 确实有一个近 6 公顷的水库。 Seaman-Graves 在谷歌上查找了“浮动太阳能”一词。他不熟悉这项技术，这项技术长期以来一直是亚洲生产清洁能源的流行方式。 Seaman-Graves 了解到该镇的水库可以容纳足够的太阳能电池板为所有城市建筑供电。这将为该市每年节省超过 500,000 美元。

Floating solar panel projects have seen quick growth as a new form of clean energy in the United States and Asia. Floating solar panes are sought after not just for their clean power, but also because they save water by preventing evaporation. A recent study that appeared in Nature Sustainability found that more than 6,000 cities in 124 countries could produce all of their electricity demand using floating solar. It also found that the panels could save the cities enough water each year to fill 40 million Olympic-sized swimming pools. Zhenzhong Zeng is a professor at the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, China. He worked on the study. He said American states like Florida, Nevada and California could produce more power with floating solar than they need.

漂浮太阳能电池板项目作为一种新型清洁能源在美国和亚洲发展迅速。漂浮式太阳能电池板之所以受到追捧，不仅是因为它们的清洁能源，还因为它们通过防止蒸发来节约用水。最近发表在《自然可持续性》杂志上的一项研究发现，124 个国家/地区的 6,000 多个城市可以使用漂浮太阳能满足其所有电力需求。它还发现，这些面板每年可以为城市节省足够的水来填满 4000 万个奥林匹克规格的游泳池。曾振中是位于中国深圳的南方科技大学教授。他参与了这项研究。他说，佛罗里达州、内华达州和加利福尼亚州等美国各州可以利用漂浮太阳能生产比他们需要的更多的电力。

The idea of floating solar is simple: attach panels on structures that float on water. The panels serve as a cover that reduces evaporation to nearly zero. The water keeps the panels cool. This permits them to produce more electricity than land-based panels, which lose efficiency when they get too hot. One of the floating solar farms in the U.S. is the 4.8-megawatt project in Healdsburg, California. It was built by Ciel & Terre. The company has built 270 projects in 30 countries.

漂浮太阳能的想法很简单：将面板安装在漂浮在水面上的结构上。这些面板用作将蒸发减少到几乎为零的盖子。水使面板保持凉爽。这使它们能够产生比陆基面板更多的电力，而陆基面板在过热时会失去效率。美国的漂浮太阳能发电场之一是位于加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的 4.8 兆瓦项目。它由 Ciel & Terre 建造。该公司在 30 个国家建设了 270 个项目。

Chris Bartle of Ciel & Terre estimated that floating solar costs 10 to 15 percent more than land solar at first. But the technology saves money long term. Deeper water can increase setup costs, and the technology cannot operate on fast-moving water, on the open ocean or on coastlines with very large waves. Problems can come up if the solar panels cover too much of a water body’s surface. That could change the water temperature and harm underwater life. Researchers are looking into whether the electromagnetic fields from floating panels could affect underwater ecosystems. However, there is no evidence of that yet.

Ciel & Terre 的 Chris Bartle 估计，漂浮太阳能最初的成本比陆地太阳能高 10% 到 15%。但这项技术可以长期节省资金。更深的水域会增加设置成本，而且该技术无法在快速流动的水域、开阔的海洋或波浪很大的海岸线上运行。如果太阳能电池板覆盖了过多的水体表面，就会出现问题。这可能会改变水温并危害水下生物。研究人员正在研究浮板的电磁场是否会影响水下生态系统。但是，目前还没有证据表明这一点。

In Cohoes, public officials are preparing for the setup of their project later this year. The project will cost an estimated $6.5 million. Seaman-Graves said he believes his town’s floating solar project can serve as an example for other American cities. “We are an environmental justice community and we see a big opportunity for low to moderate income cities to replicate what we’re doing,” he said.

在 Cohoes，公职人员正在准备今年晚些时候启动他们的项目。该项目估计将耗资 650 万美元。 Seaman-Graves 说他相信他镇的漂浮太阳能项目可以作为其他美国城市的榜样。 “我们是一个环境正义社区，我们看到了中低收入城市复制我们正在做的事情的巨大机会，”他说。

Life is full of choices, some inconsequential, some really significant. But sometimes it can be hard to make the correct one. What are the obstacles that stand between us and a good outcome? Some of us just find it hard to decide. Alice Boyes, writing for Harvard Business Review, tells us this can be connected to perfectionism, where people attempt to find a perfect solution to any problem and are unable to move forward when they can't find one. It might seem that being indecisive would stop us making the right decision, but in fact it could actually help us make the correct ones.

生活充满了选择，有些无关紧要，有些却意义重大。 但有时很难做出正确的选择。 我们与良好结果之间的障碍是什么？我们中的一些人只是觉得很难做出决定。 为哈佛商业评论撰稿的爱丽丝博伊斯告诉我们，这可能与完美主义有关，人们试图为任何问题找到完美的解决方案，但当他们找不到时就无法前进。 犹豫不决似乎会阻止我们做出正确的决定，但实际上它可以帮助我们做出正确的决定。

Susan Krauss in Psychology Today reminds us that people often make bad decisions because they base them on preconceptions rather than the context in which things happen. She highlights a paper by researcher Iris Schneider which finds that indecisive people are more likely to look at different perspectives and use them to come to a better decision. So, it could be that a more significant barrier to making the best choice is our cognitive biases.

Susan Krauss 在 Psychology Today 中提醒我们，人们经常会做出错误的决定，因为他们是基于先入之见而不是事情发生的背景。 她强调了研究员 Iris Schneider 的一篇论文，该论文发现优柔寡断的人更有可能看待不同的观点并利用它们做出更好的决定。 因此，做出最佳选择的一个更重要的障碍可能是我们的认知偏见。

David Robson, speaking to the BBC's Crowd Science, tells us that intelligence can sometimes stop people making the right decision. People sometimes use intelligence to invent justifications for irrational beliefs. He believes that humility is key to making a good decision. People who can accept that they might be wrong are more likely to consider different viewpoints. He is backed up on this by Jeff Bezos. Tech CEO Jason Fried recalls the Amazon founder saying how the people who were right a lot of the time were the people who often changed their minds. So, maybe rather than indecision, it might be intelligence and decisiveness, backed up by our biases that actually stop us making good choices. While humility and indecisiveness could help us pick the best option.

David Robson 在接受 BBC 大众科学采访时告诉我们，智慧有时会阻止人们做出正确的决定。 人们有时会使用智慧来为非理性信念辩护。 他认为谦逊是做出正确决定的关键。 能够接受自己可能犯错的人更有可能考虑不同的观点。 杰夫·贝索斯 (Jeff Bezos) 对此表示支持。 Tech CEO Jason Fried 回忆说，亚马逊创始人曾说过，那些在很多时候都是对的人往往是经常改变主意的人。因此，也许不是优柔寡断，而是智慧和果断，加上我们的偏见实际上阻止了我们做出正确的选择。 谦逊和优柔寡断可以帮助我们做出最佳选择。

词汇表

choice 选择
inconsequential 无关紧要的
significant 重要的
good outcome 好的结果
decide 作决定
perfectionism 完美主义
perfect solution 完美的解决办法
indecisive 犹豫不决的
preconception 先入之见，成见
perspective （思考问题的）角度，观点
come to a decision 作出一个决定
barrier 障碍
cognitive bias 认知偏差
justification 辩解，正当理由
irrational belief 非理性的看法
humility 谦逊
change one's mind 改变主意
indecisiveness 犹豫不决

A petit basset griffon Vendéen, or PBGV, won top prize at the Westminster Kennel Club dog show in New York City Tuesday. The dog, called Buddy Holly, won the award for best in show. The breed he represents is known for its rabbit-hunting ability. Buddy Holly defeated six other candidates to take the prize at the most famous dog show in the United States. This year’s event was held at the U.S.T.A. Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York.

周二，在纽约市威斯敏斯特养犬俱乐部狗展上，一只小巴吉度狮鹫 Vendéen（简称 PBGV）获得了最高奖项。这只名叫 Buddy Holly 的狗获得了最佳表演奖。他代表的品种以其猎兔能力而闻名。 Buddy Holly 击败了其他六位候选人，在美国最著名的狗展上获奖。今年的活动在 U.S.T.A. 举行。纽约比利简金国家网球中心。

“I never thought a PBGV would do this,” handler and co-owner Janice Hayes said. “Buddy Holly is the epitome of a show dog. Nothing bothers him.” His competitors included Rummie, a Pekingese that came in second. His owner and handler, David Fitzpatrick, breeds the small dogs. Rummie is, in Fitzpatrick’s words “true to Pekingese type, lots of carriage, presence — everything in one, here.” Winston the French bulldog was also seeking the best in show prize, after coming close last year. An Australian shepherd named Ribbon, an English setter called Cider, a giant schnauzer named Monty and an American Staffordshire terrier called Trouble also were in the final group of competitors.

“我从没想过 PBGV 会这样做，”饲养员兼共同所有人 Janice Hayes 说。 “Buddy Holly 是表演犬的典范。什么都难不倒他。”他的竞争对手包括第二名的北京哈巴狗 Rummie。他的主人兼饲养员大卫·菲茨帕特里克 (David Fitzpatrick) 负责饲养这些小型犬。用 Fitzpatrick 的话来说，拉米是“真正的北京人类型，很多举止，风度——一切都在这里。”法国斗牛犬温斯顿在去年接近尾声后，也在寻求最佳表演奖。一只名叫 Ribbon 的澳大利亚牧羊犬、一只名叫 Cider 的英国塞特犬、一只名叫 Monty 的巨型雪纳瑞犬和一只名叫 Trouble 的美国斯塔福德郡梗犬也在最后一组参赛者中。

If Buddy Holly was feeling the pressure, he did not show it ahead of the finals. He spent the late day playing with his people and rejecting any proposal that he take a rest before the final competition. “He just screams PBGV,” Hayes said, noting that the breed is independent and full of fun. “Their goal is to make you laugh every day,” she said. The breed began in France. The American Kennel Club says the small hounds are the 154th most common purebreds in the U.S. Buddy Holly has also lived and competed in Britain, Ireland and Australia.

如果 Buddy Holly 感到压力，他并没有在决赛前表现出来。他花了最后一天和他的人一起玩，拒绝了任何让他在决赛前休息的提议。 “他只是尖叫着 PBGV，”Hayes 说，并指出该品种是独立的并且充满乐趣。 “他们的目标是让你每天都开怀大笑，”她说。该品种起源于法国。美国养犬俱乐部表示，这种小型猎犬在美国最常见的纯种犬中排名第 154 位。Buddy Holly 也在英国、爱尔兰和澳大利亚生活过并参加过比赛。

About 2,500 dogs competed at Westminster this year. The show also includes obedience and agility competitions that are open to mixed-breed dogs. And what is next for Buddy Holly? A good night’s sleep, “upside down, rolling in pillows,” Hayes said. “He just gets to go back to being a dog.”

今年大约有 2,500 只狗参加了威斯敏斯特比赛。该节目还包括对混种犬开放的服从性和敏捷性比赛。 Buddy Holly 的下一步是什么？睡个好觉，“倒过来，在枕头里打滚，”海耶斯说。 “他只是变回了一条狗。”

More than 600 million people around the world lack access to clean drinking water and this book has the potential to help.

全世界有超过 6 亿人无法获得干净的饮用水，而这本书有可能提供帮助。

It's relatively cheap, easy to ship and its pages serve two purposes: firstly, they are printed with instructions on how and why water should be filtered; secondly, they can be torn out and used as filters.

它相对便宜，易于运输，其页面有两个用途：首先，它们印有关于如何以及为什么要过滤水的说明；其次，它们可以撕下来用作过滤器。

The paper contains nanoparticles of copper or silver, which kill bacteria and the new trial results from water sources in South Africa, Ghana and Bangladesh confirm that on average the paper slashes the bacteria count of contaminated water by well over 99%.

该纸含有铜或银纳米粒子，可以杀死细菌，而来自南非、加纳和孟加拉国水源的新试验结果证实，该纸平均可将受污染水的细菌数量减少 99% 以上。

词汇表

lack 缺乏
potential 潜力
torn out （从书本里）撕下来 
nanoparticles 纳米粒子
copper 铜，铜的 
silver 银，银的 
bacteria 细菌
slashes 削减，大幅降低
contaminated 受污染的

There is good news for people who hate passwords. Google has added a different way to log in to its services. This new feature employs the use of “passkeys.”Passkeys represent a safer alternative to passwords and texted confirmation codes. Users will not ever see the passkeys directly. Instead, an online service like Gmail will use them to communicate directly with a trusted device such as your phone or computer to log you in. All a person has to do is confirm their identity on the device. This confirmation, also known as verification, can take several forms. It could be a PIN unlock code, a fingerprint or face scan, or a physical security dongle.

对于讨厌密码的人来说，这是个好消息。谷歌添加了一种不同的方式来登录其服务。此新功能使用“万能钥匙”。万能钥匙代表比密码和短信确认码更安全的替代方案。用户永远不会直接看到密钥。取而代之的是，像 Gmail 这样的在线服务将使用它们直接与受信任的设备（例如您的手机或计算机）进行通信以让您登录。一个人所要做的就是在设备上确认他们的身份。这种确认，也称为验证，可以采用多种形式。它可以是 PIN 解锁码、指纹或面部扫描，或者物理安全加密狗。

Google designed its passkeys to work with different kinds of devices. You can use them on iPhones, Mac and Windows computers as well as Google’s own Android phones.Thanks to smart hackers and human weakness, passwords are just too easy to steal or defeat. And making them more complex just opens the door to users defeating themselves. In short, passwords put security and ease of use directly at odds. In addition to getting around these problems, passkeys have one additional strength over passwords. Passkeys are specific to websites, so hackers cannot steal a passkey from one website and then use it to steal from a person's bank account.

谷歌设计了它的密钥以用于不同类型的设备。您可以在 iPhone、Mac 和 Windows 计算机以及 Google 自己的 Android 手机上使用它们。由于聪明的黑客和人性的弱点，密码太容易被窃取或破解。让它们变得更复杂只会为用户打败自己打开大门。简而言之，密码直接将安全性和易用性置于矛盾之中。除了解决这些问题之外，密钥还有一个比密码更强大的优势。密钥是特定于网站的，因此黑客无法从一个网站窃取密钥，然后用它来窃取一个人的银行帐户。

The first step to using passkeys is to enable them for your Google account. On any trusted phone or computer, open the browser and sign in to your Google account. Then visit the page g.co/passkeys and select the choice to “start using passkeys.” The passkey feature is now activated for that account. If you are on an Apple device, you will first be asked to set up the Keychain app if you are not already using it. It securely stores passwords and now passkeys as well. The next step is to create the actual passkeys that will connect your trusted device. If you are using an Android phone that is already logged into your Google account, you are most of the way there. Android phones are ready to use passkeys, though you still have to enable the function first.

使用密钥的第一步是为您的 Google 帐户启用它们。在任何受信任的手机或计算机上，打开浏览器并登录您的 Google 帐户。然后访问页面 g.co/passkeys 并选择“开始使用密钥”选项。现在已为该帐户激活密钥功能。如果您使用的是 Apple 设备，如果您尚未使用 Keychain 应用程序，系统将首先要求您设置它。它安全地存储密码，现在也存储密钥。下一步是创建将连接您的受信任设备的实际密钥。如果您使用的是已经登录到您的 Google 帐户的 Android 手机，那么您已经完成了大部分工作。 Android 手机已准备好使用密钥，但您仍然需要先启用该功能。

On the same Google account page noted above, look for the “Create a passkey” button. Pressing it will open a window and let you create a passkey either on your current device or on another device. There is no wrong choice; the system will simply notify you if that passkey already exists. If you are on a PC that cannot create a passkey, it will open a QR code that you can scan with the cameras on iPhones and Android devices. You may have to move the phone closer until the message “Set up passkey” appears. Tap that and you are on your way.

在上面提到的同一 Google 帐户页面上，查找“创建密钥”按钮。按下它将打开一个窗口，让您在当前设备或另一台设备上创建一个密码。没有错误的选择；如果该密钥已经存在，系统将简单地通知您。如果您使用的 PC 无法创建密钥，它将打开一个 QR 码，您可以使用 iPhone 和 Android 设备上的摄像头扫描该二维码。您可能必须将手机移近一些，直到出现“设置密码”消息。点击它，你就在路上了。

From that point on, signing into Google will only require you to enter your email address. If you have gotten passkeys set up correctly, you will simply get a message on your phone or other device asking you for your fingerprint, your face or a PIN. Of course, your password is still there. But if passkeys take off, the odds are good you will not be needing it very much. You may even choose to delete it from your account someday.

从那时起，登录 Google 将只需要您输入您的电子邮件地址。如果您已正确设置密钥，您将在手机或其他设备上收到一条消息，要求您提供指纹、面部或 PIN。当然，您的密码仍然存在。但是，如果万能钥匙流行起来，您很可能不会非常需要它。您甚至可以选择有一天将其从您的帐户中删除。

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has agreed to study the effects of its dredging operations on sea turtles in the state of Georgia. Dredging is the process of removing sand from waterways. The agency announced its decision Friday. Shortly after, local non-profit group One Hundred Miles withdrew its legal action aimed at stopping dredging. “The Corps has now committed to what we’ve asked for, to go back and review the science,” Catherine Ridley, a vice president of the group, said Monday. She said the science shows that seasonal dredging puts sea turtles at risk. And, she said, it threatens many years of progress in environmental protection in Georgia.

美国陆军工程兵团已同意研究其疏浚作业对佐治亚州海龟的影响。疏浚是从水道中清除沙子的过程。该机构周五宣布了其决定。不久之后，当地非营利组织一百英里撤回了旨在停止疏浚的法律行动。该组织副总裁凯瑟琳·里德利 (Catherine Ridley) 周一表示：“军团现在已承诺按照我们的要求，回去审查科学。”她说，科学表明季节性疏浚会使海龟处于危险之中。而且，她说，它威胁到佐治亚州多年来在环境保护方面取得的进展。

The now withdrawn legal action began in December of 2022. However, environmentalists have been fighting against dredging since 2021. That year, the Corps announced it would end a policy limiting dredging in shipping areas during nesting season for sea turtles. The seasonal ban had been in place since 1991. The powerful pumps necessary to remove the sand are dangerous. They can hurt and kill the animals. Many female turtles spend the warmer months in areas where the dredging takes place. So the 1991 order ended dredging during those months. Conservationists credit that policy with helping the sea turtle population to recover and grow its numbers. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is responsible for keeping shipping waterways clear. It said in a statement, that a fuller study will ensure the public, government and all interested who are involved in the examination. It also said investigators will look at all possible effects of dredging on humans and nature.

现已撤回的法律行动于 2022 年 12 月开始。但是，自 2021 年以来，环保主义者一直在反对疏浚。那一年，海军陆战队宣布将终止在海龟筑巢季节限制航运区疏浚的政策。季节性禁令自 1991 年开始实施。清除沙子所需的强力泵很危险。他们可以伤害和杀死动物。许多雌性海龟在进行疏浚的地区度过温暖的月份。因此，1991 年的命令在那几个月结束了疏浚。环保主义者认为这项政策有助于海龟种群的恢复和数量增长。美国陆军工程兵团负责保持航道畅通。它在一份声明中说，更全面的研究将确保公众、政府和所有感兴趣的人参与考试。它还表示，调查人员将研究疏浚对人类和自然的所有可能影响。

Since the 1990s, dredging in Georgia and in the states of North and South Carolina, is done from about December to March. Federally protected giant loggerhead sea turtles usually start releasing their eggs in the area in May. Smaller numbers of endangered green and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles do the same. The Corps has argued that seasonal dredging limits are no longer necessary. It says sea turtle populations have recovered enough, noting a National Marine Fisheries Service report from 2020. The report said protected sea turtle populations could withstand the estimated 150 deaths expected from year-round dredging. Army Corps officials also argued that the ban makes it hard for them to get contracts with companies in the industry. And the Corps says that dredging periods timed to protect sea turtles ignore the needs of other animals, like the endangered North Atlantic right whales. Those large ocean animals visit the same waters in the winter. The Army Corps said it does not know how long it will take to complete the newly-announced wide study.

自 1990 年代以来，佐治亚州以及北卡罗来纳州和南卡罗来纳州的疏浚工作大约在 12 月至次年 3 月进行。受联邦保护的巨型红海龟通常在 5 月开始在该地区产卵。数量较少的濒临灭绝的绿海龟和坎普雷德海龟也有同样的行为。军团认为不再需要季节性疏浚限制。它说海龟种群已经恢复得足够好，并注意到国家海洋渔业局 2020 年的一份报告。该报告称，受保护的海龟种群可以承受全年疏浚造成的估计 150 人死亡。陆军军团官员还辩称，该禁令使他们很难与该行业的公司签订合同。军团表示，为保护海龟而安排的疏浚期忽视了其他动物的需求，比如濒临灭绝的北大西洋露脊鲸。那些大型海洋动物在冬天访问相同的水域。陆军军团表示不知道完成新宣布的广泛研究需要多长时间。

For the first time, a new process that uses the genetic material of three people has resulted in the birth of several babies in Britain. The experimental process has been used before in Mexico and the United States. Britain’s fertility regulator said Wednesday that the parents used a process which was approved with some restrictions in 2015. The story was first reported by The Guardian newspaper. Britain’s Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority said only that fewer than five babies were born as a result of the process. The treatment is supposed to prevent the babies from inheriting rare genetic diseases.

第一次，使用三个人的遗传物质的新过程在英国诞生了几个婴儿。该实验过程以前曾在墨西哥和美国使用过。英国生育监管机构周三表示，这对父母使用了一种在 2015 年获得批准但有一些限制的程序。这个故事最先由《卫报》报道。英国人类受精和胚胎学管理局表示，只有不到 5 名婴儿因此出生。这种治疗应该可以防止婴儿遗传罕见的遗传病。

The treatment of combining DNA from a mother, father and an egg donor is supposed to help women who have a genetic problem that can be passed to their babies. The problem is in the mitochondria of some women. Mitochondria are parts of some cells in the body that provide energy. However, scientists say the mitochondria in some women can pass genetic problems on to their babies. The genetic defects can cause muscular dystrophy, epilepsy, heart problems and intellectual disabilities. Experts say the genetic problems affect about one in 200 children born in Britain. So far, 32 patients have been given permission to receive the treatment. The process involves doctors taking genetic material from the mother’s egg and then adding it to a donor’s egg. The donor’s egg has healthy mitochondria, but doctors remove the rest of its important DNA. Doctors fertilize the new egg, so it becomes an embryo and they put it into the mother’s womb.

结合来自母亲、父亲和卵子捐赠者的 DNA 的治疗应该可以帮助患有可遗传给婴儿的遗传问题的女性。问题出在一些女性的线粒体中。线粒体是体内某些提供能量的细胞的一部分。然而，科学家们表示，一些女性体内的线粒体可以将遗传问题遗传给她们的婴儿。遗传缺陷会导致肌肉萎缩症、癫痫、心脏病和智力障碍。专家说，遗传问题影响了大约每 200 个在英国出生的孩子中的一个。到目前为止，已有 32 名患者获准接受治疗。该过程涉及医生从母亲的卵子中提取遗传物质，然后将其添加到捐赠者的卵子中。捐献者的卵子具有健康的线粒体，但医生会去除其其余的重要 DNA。医生使新卵子受精，使其成为胚胎，然后将其放入母亲的子宫中。

Scientists say using this process results in the new embryo having less than one percent of the genetic material from the egg’s donor. Scientists at England’s Newcastle University supervised the treatment. The Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority said Tuesday that it was still “early days” of the treatment. But the government body said it hoped the doctors and scientists who worked on the treatment would soon publish more information. The agency said all women undergoing the treatment must receive approval and must have no other way of preventing disease.

科学家们说，使用这个过程会导致新胚胎中只有不到 1% 的来自卵子捐赠者的遗传物质。英国纽卡斯尔大学的科学家监督了治疗。人类受精和胚胎学管理局周二表示，治疗仍处于“早期阶段”。但政府机构表示，希望从事这种治疗的医生和科学家能尽快公布更多信息。该机构表示，所有接受治疗的女性都必须获得批准，并且必须没有其他预防疾病的方法。

There are many critics of the treatment. They say there are other ways to prevent disease and the treatment has not been fully tested. Others say this is the first step in creating “designer” babies for parents who want their children to be taller, smarter or have different looks than they do. Robin Lovell-Badge is a stem cell expert at the Francis Crick Institute, a research center in London. Lovell-Badge said the babies need to be followed well into the future.

对这种治疗有很多批评。他们说还有其他方法可以预防疾病，而且治疗方法还没有经过全面测试。其他人说，这是为希望自己的孩子更高、更聪明或长得与自己不同的父母创造“设计师”婴儿的第一步。 Robin Lovell-Badge 是伦敦研究中心 Francis Crick Institute 的干细胞专家。 Lovell-Badge 说这些婴儿需要在未来得到很好的跟踪。

“It will be interesting to know,” he said, “how well the technique worked…whether the babies are free of disease and whether there is any risk of them developing problems later in life.” One group of scientists published research this year expressing concerns that even a small amount of the problematic DNA from the mother could reproduce as the baby develops in the uterus. Lovell-Badge said scientists do not understand exactly why this happens and more work needs to be done.

“知道这项技术的效果如何，”他说，“这将很有趣……婴儿是否没有疾病，以及他们在以后的生活中是否有出现问题的风险。”一组科学家今年发表了一项研究，他们担心随着婴儿在子宫中的发育，即使是来自母亲的少量有问题的 DNA 也会繁殖。 Lovell-Badge 说，科学家们不明白为什么会发生这种情况，需要做更多的工作。

Astronauts have been growing crops in space for years but this is the first time they’ve eaten the produce while still in orbit. It took the crew on the space station 33 days to grow the red romaine lettuce under LED lamps.

多年来，宇航员一直在太空种植农作物，但这是他们第一次在轨道上吃到这些农产品。空间站的工作人员花了 33 天时间才在 LED 灯下种植红色长叶莴苣。

Before they could eat the leaves they had to wipe them with sanitising cloths and then they added a little oil and vinegar. The verdict: "Good stuff", said one of the crew, saving a few leaves for the two Russian cosmonauts who were on a spacewalk while the feast was happening.

在他们吃叶子之前，他们必须用消毒布擦拭它们，然后加入少许油和醋。结论：“好东西”，其中一名机组人员说，为在盛宴举行时正在进行太空行走的两名俄罗斯宇航员留了几片叶子。

Nasa believes the experiment will help develop ways of making crews self-sufficient for longer journeys to places such as Mars. For now their judgement: one small bite for a man, one giant leaf for mankind.

美国国家航空航天局相信，该实验将有助于开发方法，让宇航员能够自给自足地进行前往火星等地的长途旅行。目前他们的判断是：一个人咬一小口，人类一大片叶子。

词汇表

crops 农作物
produce 农产品
sanitising cloths 清洁布
feast 丰盛的筵席
self-sufficient 自给自足的
judgement 判断，结论

It used to be thought that apes could only make noises that were tied to their emotions such as barks of alarm or hoots of excitement. But this strange peeping sound recorded from wild bonobos appears to have more in common with the calls of human babies.

过去人们认为，猿类只能发出与其情绪相关的声音，例如惊恐的吠叫或兴奋的叫声。但这种从野生倭黑猩猩身上记录下来的奇怪的窥视声似乎与人类婴儿的叫声更相似。

At just three or four months of age, we humans let out growls or squeals that sound the same whether we are happy or distressed. It's up to our parents to figure out what we mean from the context.

在只有三四个月大的时候，我们人类发出的咆哮或尖叫声听起来是一样的，无论我们是快乐还是痛苦。这取决于我们的父母从上下文中弄清楚我们的意思。

The researchers say it's the same with these bonobos peeps. An identical sound is made in happy or in neutral contexts. So instead of being unique to humans, these flexible calls apparently date back at least six million years to our common ancestor with bonobos and chimpanzees. Dr Zanna Clay from the University of Birmingham said her key observation was that the bonobos separated the sound they were making from how they were feeling.

研究人员表示，这些倭黑猩猩的情况也是如此。在快乐或中性的环境中发出相同的声音。因此，这些灵活的叫声并非人类所独有，显然可以追溯到至少六百万年前我们与倭黑猩猩和黑猩猩的共同祖先。伯明翰大学的 Zanna Clay 博士说，她的主要观察是倭黑猩猩将它们发出的声音与它们的感受区分开来。

It seems that the flexibility of our own squawks and grunts joins the growing list of abilities that we humans can no longer count as uniquely ours.

似乎我们自己的尖叫声和咕噜声的灵活性加入了越来越多的能力列表，我们人类不能再将这些能力视为我们独有的。

词汇表

barks 吼叫 
hoots 叫喊
growls 低声的吼叫
squeals 长而尖的叫声
distressed 烦恼的，痛苦的
figure out 弄明白 
context 环境，背景
common ancestor 共同的祖先
squawks （人）大声抱怨、喊叫
grunts （人因为不满或烦恼发出的）嘟哝，哼声

When the top secret radio and radar station was established on the headland at Aird Uig 60 years ago, it was part of Nato's early warning system against Soviet submarines and aircraft. Now the Ministry of Defence has no further use for the derelict buildings and the windswept clifftop site.

60 年前，当最高机密的无线电和雷达站在艾尔德乌格的岬角上建立时，它是北约针对苏联潜艇和飞机的预警系统的一部分。现在国防部不再使用这些废弃的建筑物和被风吹过的悬崖顶。

But local people are convinced the old base could help transform the economy of the area. Where Aird Uig once listened out for possible enemy attack, it's hoped a hydrophone could be placed in the sea to pick up the sound of whales.

但当地人相信旧基地可以帮助改变该地区的经济。在 Aird Uig 曾经监听可能的敌人攻击的地方，人们希望可以在海中放置一个水听器来接收鲸鱼的声音。

There are plans for a visitor centre, with a dark skies night observatory. Other attractions include unexplored sea caves and cliff climbs which have never been tackled. If it goes ahead, it will be one of Scotland's smallest and most unusual community buy-outs.

有一个游客中心的计划，有一个黑暗的天空夜天文台。其他景点包括未开发的海蚀洞和从未涉足的悬崖峭壁。如果它继续进行，它将成为苏格兰最小和最不寻常的社区收购之一。

词汇表

warning system  警报系统
derelict             弃置的，废弃的
hydrophone       水中检波器，水中听音器
unexplored       未开发的
have never been tackled  从未被攻克、被攀登
buy-outs           收购