Thank you Chris Russo, Diane Urbani de la Paz, Violet Hunter, Paul k, Susie Renard, and many others for tuning into my live video with Chris Miller MD!

Notes from my live conversation with Chris Miller MD about her article, Your labs are normal, so why don’t you feel well?

If you have ever been told, “Your labs are normal,” and you still feel exhausted, foggy, sore, puffy, or unlike yourself, you are not alone. Dr. Chris Miller and I did a live today because this is one of the most common reasons people end up in her integrative clinic and in my inbox.

This post is the cleaned-up, reader-friendly version of what we covered. It is educational, not personal medical advice. Use it to organize your next conversation with your clinician and to take your own symptoms seriously.

What “normal range” really means

A “normal range” is not a personalized stamp of health. It is a statistical range based on a population curve. Most labs define normal as values that fall within the middle portion of results seen in a reference group.

That reference group is not made up of people carefully selected for optimal health. It is usually people who are not diagnosed with anything obvious. That matters.

This is why someone can fall inside a normal range and still feel unwell. It is also why someone can sit just outside a range and feel completely fine. White blood cell counts are a good example. People eating a very anti-inflammatory, plant-forward diet often run lower than average without it meaning something is wrong.

The real question becomes: what is normal for you, and what is changing?

The pattern that matters most: trends

Symptoms often line up with trends long before a single number crosses a cutoff.

Thyroid drift

If your TSH usually runs around 1.5 to 2 and later comes back at 3.4 or 3.5, many clinicians will say it is normal. That value may still represent a meaningful shift for you, especially if fatigue, cold intolerance, weight changes, or brain fog are showing up.

I shared a story from my Air Force years. A JAG officer came in frustrated because she felt awful and kept getting told her thyroid was fine. Her TSH was high-normal. We made a small adjustment, and six weeks later she felt like herself again.

A1c and fasting glucose creep

A1c reflects average blood sugar exposure over roughly three months. If you usually sit at 5.1 or 5.2 and drift up to 5.6, you may still be labeled normal, yet your metabolism may be shifting toward insulin resistance.

The same thing happens with fasting glucose. Values that move from the low 80s into the 90s and then just over 100 often get ignored until a line is crossed, even though the direction was clear years earlier.

Ten common reasons labs look “fine” while you feel bad

Not every point applies to every person. The goal is to help you recognize where a deeper look may be needed.

1) Labs are in range but moving the wrong way

Direction matters. Thyroid markers, glucose markers, inflammatory markers, and lipids often signal trouble through gradual change rather than a sudden abnormal value.

2) Iron deficiency without anemia

You can have a normal blood count and normal iron levels while still having low iron stores. Ferritin reflects storage. Many people feel poorly when ferritin is low, even if the lab flags it as acceptable.

Fatigue, hair shedding, restless legs, poor exercise tolerance, and shortness of breath can all fit. If iron is low, the work does not stop at replacement. The cause matters. That can include absorption problems, gastrointestinal blood loss, kidney disease, bone marrow issues, or heavy menstrual bleeding in perimenopause.

3) Inflammation that CRP does not capture

CRP is useful, but it reflects only certain inflammatory pathways. Autoimmune conditions and localized inflammation can cause symptoms while CRP stays normal.

Vascular inflammation, gut inflammation, thyroid inflammation, and immune signaling through non-CRP pathways may require different markers or a different type of evaluation, guided by symptoms.

4) “TSH normal” with incomplete thyroid assessment

TSH is a feedback signal. It does not tell the whole story. Looking at Free T4, Total T3, and thyroid antibodies can help clarify whether production or conversion is an issue.

Timing matters too. Acute illness, major stress, or recent medication changes can temporarily distort results. Repeating labs after recovery is sometimes necessary. Over-treatment also carries risks, including palpitations and bone loss, so nuance matters.

5) Perimenopause and menopause

Hormonal shifts often start years before periods stop. Estrogen declines, progesterone becomes erratic, and the brain pushes harder with LH and FSH.

Symptoms can include joint pain, brain fog, sleep disruption, mood changes, midsection weight gain, rising insulin resistance, and cholesterol changes. Labs do not always line up neatly with symptoms during this phase.

6) Gut barrier problems

The gut lining is a single-cell barrier designed to absorb nutrients while keeping larger particles and microbes out. When that barrier becomes more permeable, symptoms often appear after eating and may be delayed by a day or two.

Routine blood work usually does not detect this problem.

7) Sleep debt and stress physiology

Chronic stress paired with insufficient sleep is one of the most common causes of fatigue. Many people stay in a high-alert state all day and never fully downshift at night.

Wearables can sometimes reveal patterns that labs miss, such as low restorative sleep or elevated overnight heart rate.

8) Post-viral or immune recovery lag

After viral infections, the immune system can stay activated longer than expected. People may experience lingering fatigue, heart rate instability, lightheadedness, gut issues, or cognitive slowing even after the acute illness resolves.

9) Nutrient depletion not covered by basic panels

Standard panels do not assess many nutrients that affect energy, cognition, and muscle function. Depending on symptoms, this may include functional B vitamin status, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, omega-3 status, iodine, or iron stores.

Absorption and conversion vary widely between people, even with similar diets.

10) Your baseline is not the lab’s baseline

Some people naturally run lower or higher on certain markers. A value that looks normal on paper may represent a meaningful shift for you. The reverse is also true. Someone who normally runs low may appear abnormal on paper while feeling well.

Questions to bring to your next lab review

* How have these values changed over the past several years?

* Do my symptoms match the direction of change?

* Are we looking at the right markers for this system?

* Are there common misses for this symptom pattern, such as iron stores, sleep, perimenopause, or post-viral recovery?

* If something is low, what is the underlying cause?

Annual labs help establish a personal baseline, which makes these questions much easier to answer.

One last thought

Normal ranges are a starting point. They are not the end of the conversation. If you feel unwell and your labs look fine, that is a signal to ask better questions, not to stop asking.

Tomorrow I am publishing a deeper piece on metabolic labs, optimal ranges, and the lifestyle habits that reliably move them. Subscribe now so you don’t miss it and share this post with someone who it might help!

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