In this episode of the Smarter Not Harder Podcast, our guest Dr. Kiran Krishnan joins our host Dr. Ted Achacoso to give one-cent solutions to life's $64,000 questions that include:

• What are the most exciting clinical developments in the field of gut microbiota and probiotic supplementation?
• How do outer membrane vesicles violate the dogma that bacteria and human cells should not communicate directly?
• Why is the gut microbiota now considered an organ in the body that is postnatal, or an organ that grows right after birth?

Kiran Krishnan is a Research Microbiologist and has been involved in the dietary supplement and nutrition market for the past 17 years. He comes from a strict research background having spent several years with hands-on R&D in the fields of molecular medicine and microbiology at the University of Iowa. He left University research to take a position as the U.S. Business Development and Product Development lead for Amano Enzyme, USA. Amano is one of the world's largest suppliers of therapeutic enzymes used in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries in North America. Kiran also established a Clinical Research Organization where he designed and conducted dozens of human clinical trials in human nutrition.

What we discuss:

(0:00:04) - Gut microbiota and probiotics revolution

(0:17:21) - Gut microbiota and organ function

(0:25:30) - Bifidobacterium longum's impact on mood

(0:31:22) - Gut bacteria and brain development

(0:45:55) - Microbiome and covid-19 risk factors

(0:51:41) - Inter-kingdom communication and implications

(1:12:09) - Probiotics' impact on inflammation and microbiome

(1:17:19) - Microbiome analysis in clinical trials

(1:24:02) - Microbiome's role in addiction and autoimmunity

(1:37:30) - Microbiome functionality and redundancy

(1:42:10) - Foundational organisms and future projects

(1:55:10) - Advancing phytoceuticals and extraction processes

(2:11:47) - Advancements in gut microbiota science

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Instagram: @kiranbiome

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